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I. TAXONOMY OF THE PRODUCING ORGANISM, FERMENTATION AND ISOLATION
MICHAEL S. PACEY, MARTIN R. JEFSON, LIANG H. HUANG, WALTER P. CULLEN, ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1453-1459
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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UK-69, 753 is a novel antibiotic structurally related to efrotomycin and factumycin, produced by a new strain of
Amycolatopsis orientalis (ATCC 53550). The antibiotic potency in the fermentation broth was monitored by HPLC with diode array detection. A six tube counter current distribution was used to purify UK-69, 753.
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JUN'ICHI SHOJI, HIROSHI HINOO, TERUO HATTORI, KEIICHIRO HIROOKA, YASUO ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1460-1464
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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An antibiotic, named hypeptin, was isolated from the culture broth of a strain of
Pseudomonas sp. The antibiotic was extracted with butanol and purified by chromatography on a Sephadex LH-20 column. The antibiotic is basic in nature. The dihydrochloride is soluble in aqueous alcohols and positive to ninhydrin and SAKAGUCHI'S reaction. A molecular formula, C
44H
71N
13O
15•2HCl was indicated by microanalysis and secondary ion MS. The IR spectrum and acid hydrolysis indicated it to be a peptide antibiotic. The stereochemistries of the amino acids produced by hydrolysis were clarified by HPLC using a chiral column. The antibiotic is active
in vitro against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic Gram-positive bacteria.
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MAKOTO MATSUMOTO, YOSHIMI KAWAMURA, YUKIO YASUDA, TATSUO TANIMOTO, KOI ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1465-1469
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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A new peptide antibiotic named thioxamycin which contained thiazole and oxazole rings was isolated from the culture broth of
Streptomyces sp. The antibiotic is acidic and lipophilic in nature. A molecular formula, C
52H
48N
16O
15S
4, was indicated by elemental analysis and MS. One mol of threonine and three unusual amino acids were detected by amino acid analysis of the acid hydrolysate. The antibiotic is active
in vitro against anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also aerobic Gram-positive bacteria.
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I. FERMENTATION, ISOLATION, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
EIJI KOBAYASHI, KATSUHIKO ANDO, HIROFUMI NAKANO, TAKAO IIDA, HIROE OHN ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1470-1474
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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A novel complex of calphostin (UCN-1028), which specifically inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) has been isolated from the culture broth of a fungi
Cladosporium cladosporioides. Purification of individual components was carried out by silica gel, non-porus resin Diaion HP-20SS and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, leading to isolation of five closely related components, A, B, C, D and I. Calphostins showed cytotoxic activities against various tumor cells, and these cytotoxicities were proportional to their inhibitory activities against PKC.
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II. CHEMICAL STRUCTURES
TAKAO IIDA, Em KOBAYASHI, MAYUMI YOSHIDA, HIROSHI SANO
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1475-1481
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The structures of new antitumor antibiotics, calphostins (UCN-1028) A, B, C, D and I, which are specific and potent inhibitors of protein kinase C, were determined by spectral and chemical studies. All of the antibiotics have a 3, 10-perylenequinone skeleton and calphostin D was revealed to be an antipode of isophleichrome.
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VI. STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AND BIOSYNTHETIC INVESTIGATIONS ON URDAMYCIN H
JÜRGEN ROHR
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1482-1488
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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A new angucycline antibiotic has been discovered as a small side product of
Streptomyces fradiae (strain Tü 2717), the producer of the urdamycin complex, during screening for biosynthetic relatives of urdamycins C and D.
The structure was elucidated after isolation,
via strain selection, of a mutant of
S. fradiae that produces this new congener in larger amounts.
The structure includes a new chromophore containing aglycone that has not been found before among the angucyclines nor as a natural product generally. In urdamycin H (
1) the angucycline four-ring system is enlarged by a (
p-OH-phenyl)furan moiety and is closely related to urdamycin C (
2). The structure was elucidated by comparison of the physico-chemical data with those of known urdamycins, especially with those of urdamycin C (
2), and was confirmed by intensive 2D NMR analysis.
Biosynthetic studies showed that tyrosine and not the smaller
p-OH-phenylglycine is the precursor of the (
p-OH-phenyl)furan moiety.
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W. M. MAIESE, M. P. LECHEVALIER, H. A. LECHEVALIER, J. KORSHALLA, J. G ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1489-1493
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Antibacterial antibiotics LL-E19020α and β were isolated from the fermentation broth of an actinomycete strain. Based on cultural and physiological characteristics, culture LL-E19020 was identified as a new subspecies of
Streptomyces lydicus. The LL-E19020α and β antibiotics were found to possess a very narrow antibacterial spectrum against human pathogens. In studies in chickens, LL-E19020α demonstrated excellent growth promoting activity.
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ANDRÁS NESZMÉLYI, DAISY MACHYTKA, ANDREA KMETY, PÉ ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1494-1501
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The solution conformation of the disaccharide of avermectin B
la was examined by combining NMR data with theoretical conformational energy calculations.
Carbon and proton resonances were assigned unambiguously using high-field, high-resolution 2D NMR correlation spectroscopy.
3JHH coupling constants were determined at 600 MHz.
The minimum-energy conformation was attained through an extended hard-sphere exo-anomeric effect (HSEA) approach. The HSEA conformation was refined by considering the experimental nuclear Overhauser enhancement contacts. The resulting three-dimensional structure was confirmed by comparing its glycosidic dihedral angles to those calculated from experimental
3JCOCH coupling constants.
Differences has been found in the glycosidic dihedral angles between the solution conformation and the X-ray structure.
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JAVIER MARTIN-VILLACORTA, ANGEL REGLERO, JOSÉ M. LUENGO
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1502-1505
Published: October 25, 1989
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Two different penicillins (
p- and
m-methylbenzylpenicillin) were obtained "
in vitro" by direct enzymatic synthesis, using homogeneously pure acyl-CoA: 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) acyltransferase from
Penicillium chrysogenum, 6-APA and
p- or
m-tolylacetyl-CoA. The
Km for these substrates were 6 and 15mM, respectively, indicating that the affinity of the enzyme for these two molecules is much lower that shown by phenylacetyl-CoA (0.55 HIM). Furthermore, acyltransferase does not recognize
o-tolylacetyl-CoA as a substrate suggesting that the position of the methyl group on the aromatic moiety may have a very important role in the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex.
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CHENG-WU CHI, HUA-ZHEU LIU, CHI-YIN LIU, BAKSHY A. K. CHIBBER, FRANCIS ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1506-1512
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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A group of leupeptin analogues was found in
Streptomyces griseus strain 254, isolated from a soil sample from Fujian Province, China. The inhibitors excreted in the culture filtrate were purified by adsorption on macroporous resin, followed by sequential ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-52 cellulose, CM-32 cellulose and affinity chromatography with immobilized trypsin. The preparation thus obtained was further purified by preparative HPLC. Several major components were found and characterized, which possessed different inhibitory properties toward trypsin. Based upon amino acid and mass spectrophotometric analysis, these peptides were placed in four major structural categories,
viz., R-Val-Val-argininal, R-Leu-Leu-argininal, R-Ile-Ile-argininal and R-Thr-Thr-argininal, this latter component representing a newly identified leupeptin analogue. The structural variability of the R-group was partly responsible for the multiplicity of the peaks obtained with HPLC. All peptides displayed varying degrees of inhibitory activity toward proteases involved in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, including plasmin, factor Xa, activated protein C and thrombin. Among these peptide inhibitors, the molecule containing threonine showed the strongest inhibitory activity.
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JUN'ICHI SHOJI, HIROSHI HINOO, YOSHIHIRO TERUI, JUNKO KIKUCHI, TERUO H ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1513-1514
Published: October 25, 1989
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JANICE H. JOHNSON, EDWARD MEYERS, JOSEPH O'SULLIVAN, D. W. PHILLIPSON, ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1515-1517
Published: October 25, 1989
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SHIGETAKA ISHII, MIEKO NAGASAWA, YUKO KARIYA, OSAMU ITOH, HARUO YAMAMO ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1518-1519
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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TAKEO YOSHIOKA, AZUMA WATANABE, NORITAKA CHIDA, YASUO FUKAGAWA
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1520-1522
Published: October 25, 1989
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YOSHIO INOUYE, KENJI YAMAGUCHI, YUKINORI TAKE, SHOSHIRO NAKAMURA
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1523-1525
Published: October 25, 1989
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KAZUTOSHI SHINDO, AKIO TAKENAKA, TADASHI NOGUCHI, YOICHI HAYAKAWA, HAR ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1526-1529
Published: October 25, 1989
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KYOICHIRO HIGASHI, YOSHIAKI ISHII, TAKESHI SAITO, SHUN-ICHI WATANABE, ...
1989 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages
1530-1533
Published: October 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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