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I. PRODUCING ORGANISM, FERMENTATION, ISOLATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
ANDREA KUSCHEL, TIMM ANKE, ROBERT VELTEN, DÖRTE KLOSTERMEYER, WOL ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
733-739
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Six novel enzyme inhibitors of RNA-directed DNA-polymerases of human immunodeficiency-, avian myeloblastosis and murine leukemia viruses were isolated from fermentations of a Canadian
Mniopetalum species. They were named mniopetals A, B, C, D, E and F. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The compounds, in addition to their inhibitory activities on reverse transcriptases, exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties.
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V. MINOR METABOLITES
WILLIAM M. BLOWS, GRAHAM FOSTER, STEPHEN J. LANE, DAVID NOBLE, JOHN E. ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
740-754
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The isolation and structure determination by
1H and
13C NMR and MS of 24 novel squalestatins from cultures of
Phoma sp. C2932 is described.
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SANDRA A. MORRIS, ROBERT E. SCHWARTZ, DAVID F. SESIN, PRAKASH MASUREKA ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
755-764
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Pneumocandin D
0 (
9), a new member of the echinocandin class of antifungal agents, has been isolated as a minor constituent from fermentation broths of the filamentous fungi
Zalerion arboricola (ATCC 20957). The structure of
9 has been determined mainly on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with published data for similar compounds. To date, pneumocandin D
0 has been found to be the most potent inhibitor of
Pneumocystis carinii development
in vivo within the natural-occuring echinocandin family of antifungal agents.
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YUKIKO KOISO, YIN LI, SHIGEO IWASAKI, KENJI HANAKA, TOMOWO KOBAYASHI, ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
765-773
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Ustiloxins A (
1a), B (
1b), C (
1c), D (
1d) and E (
1e), antimitotic peptides, have been isolated from the water extract of false smut balls caused on the panicles of rice plant by a fungus
Ustilaginoidea virens. The structure of
1b was assigned from its spectral property and its amino acid analysis in relation to
1a whose structure was determined previously by a conbination of X-ray crystallographic and amino acid analyses. Structures of
1c and
1d were elucidated by their spectroscopic data, specially based on their
1H and
13C NMR spectra. Bioactivities of these compounds against microtubule assembly as well as manmal, plant and fungal cells have been studied.
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I. TAXONOMY, PRODUCTION, ISOLATION AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
KATSUJI HANEDA, MAYUMI SHINOSE, AKIO SEINO, NORIKO TABATA, HIROSHI TOM ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
774-781
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Streptomyces amakusaensis KO-8119, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Four active compounds, designated as cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Cytosaminomycins inhibited the growth of
Eimeria tenella in an
in vitro assay system using primary chicken embryonic cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 μg/ml for cytosaminomycins A, B and C, and at 2.5 μg/ml for cytosaminomycin D.
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II. STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF CYTOSAMINOMYCINS A, B, C and D
KAZURO SHIOMI, KATSUJI HANEDA, HIROSHI TOMODA, YUZURU IWAI, SATOSHI OM ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
782-786
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Structures of novel anticoccidial antibiotics, cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D, were elucidated by NMR studies. Cytosaminomycins were shown to be nucleoside antibiotics related to oxyplicacetin. Their carboxylic acid moieties bonded to the cytosine residue were different from that of oxyplicacetin. The carboxylic acids contained in cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D were (
E)-3-(methylthio)acrylic acid, 4-methylaminobenzoic acid, 3-methylcrotonic acid, and tiglic acid, respectively.
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KAYOKO S. TSUCHIYA, MICHITSUNE ARITA, MAKOTO HORI, TOSMO OTANI
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
787-791
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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A monoclonal antibody raised against C-1027 apoprotein recognized not only the apoprotein, but also the holoantibiotic (Antibiotic C-1027) almost equally. Among the biochemical and biological activities of the holoantibiotic, the antibody inhibited the aminopeptidase activity and the cyto-toxicity to Ehrlich carcinoma cells in cultures, but not the DNA-cleaving activity
in vitro. The immunohistogram, using this antibody, of Ehrlich carcinoma cells that had been exposed to the holoantibiotic suggested penetration of the holoantibiotic into target cells.
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MARTINE SANCELME, SERGE FABRE, MICHELLE PRUDHOMME
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
792-798
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The antimicrobial activities of twenty-two substances structurally related to staurosporine, aglycone in the indolocarbazole and bis-indole series were examined against
Streptomyces chartreusis and
Streptomyces griseus,
Bacillus cereus,
Escherichia coli,
Candida albicans and
Botrytis cinerea. Inhibition of sporulation was examined also on the two species of
Streptomyces. Unlike literature reports for efficient protein kinase inhibitors, staurosporine and K-252a, no evident correlation could be found either between protein kinase inhibitory potencies and inhibition of sporulation of the
Streptomyces species, or protein kinase inhibitory potencies and growth of all microorganisms tested. A weak activity against
C. albicans was observed for the chloro-indolocarbazole compounds as already reported for structurally related substances from the cyanobacterium
Tolypothrix tjipanasensis.
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ALAN LIN, TZU-MIN LEE, JIAN CHING RERN
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
799-805
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Tricholin, a ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from the culture broth of
Trichoderma viride, has been shown to exert fungicidal effects on
Rhizoctonia solani through a multi-hit kinetic interaction. Tricholin causes a parallel cessation of growth, uptake of amino acids, and protein biosynthesis. The
in vivo mode of action of tricholin on protein synthesis and cell growth appears to be attributed to the diminishing of the polysome formation in
R. solani through damage to large ribosomal subunits. These results concur with previous data and prove that tricholin is an effective inhibitor of protein synthesis. The efficacy of tricholin as an antibiotic agent was estimated to have a duration of approximately 42 hours.
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FRANCIS P. GAILLIOT, THERESA K. NATISHAN, JOHN M. BALLARD, ROBERT A. R ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
806-811
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The existence of an isomeric form in equilibrium with the major component of FK-520 in polar solutions has been demonstrated. This minor component has been isolated in high yield and purity by a novel crystallization strategy and preparative HPLC. The equilibrium product was characterized by NMR and MS.
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SATORU NAITO, AKIO SAITO, YOUJI FURUKAWA, TADASHI HATA, YASUO NAKADA, ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
812-820
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Epoxidation reactions (MCPBA epoxidation and Sharpless epoxidation) were examined as a means of chemically modifying milbemycins as part of our program for discovering anthelmintics. 8, 9-Epoxy-, 14, 15-epoxy-, 8, 9-14, 15-diepoxy-, and 3, 4-8, 9-14, 15-triepoxymilbemycin A
4 were se-lectively obtained from milbemycin A
4 and its derivatives, in which either the C-5 and C-7 hydroxyl groups or C-5 alone were protected as appropriate by a silyl ether (in the former case) or a carbonyl group. Further silylation or epoxidation on these epoxidized compounds indicated that the configuration of each epoxide moiety of the mono- and diepoxides is in accord with that of the corresponding epoxide moiety of the triepoxide. Furthermore, in order to confirm the absolute configurations of these epoxide functionalities, an X-ray analysis of a carbamate derivative from the triepoxymilbemycin was conducted.
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SHINICHI KONDO, YOKO IKEDA, DAISHIRO IKEDA, TOMIO TAKEUCHI, TAKAYUKI U ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
821-832
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Based on our studies on the enzymatic modifications of arbekacin by methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), replacement of the 2"-hydroxyl group by an amino group in arbekacin was designed to synthesize derivatives that would be active against MRSA. 2"-Amino-2"-deoxyarbekacin and five analogs were synthesized starting from dibekacin. Among them, 2"-amino-2"-deoxyarbekacin and the 5-epiamino analog showed excellent antibacterial activities against not only MRSA but also Gram-negative bacteria including
Pseudomonas, and lower toxicities than arbekacin.
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PRODUCTION, ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION
MORIO FUJIU, SAYOKO SAWAIRI, HISAO SHIMADA, HIROKI TAKAYA, YUKO AOKI, ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
833-835
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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SUNIL KADAM, JENNIFER PODDIG, PAT HUMPHREY, JAMES KARWOWSKI, MARIANNA ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
836-839
Published: July 25, 1994
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YOSHIO NISHIMURA, TAKAHIKO SATOH, SHINICHI KONDO, TOMIO TAKEUCHI, MASA ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
840-842
Published: July 25, 1994
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TOSHIAKI NISHIHATA, SACHIYO KUNIEDA, MASAAKI MIKAWA, CHIKARA NAKAHAMA, ...
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
843-847
Published: July 25, 1994
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K. SAKAI, K. ISSIKI, S. HIRANO, K. OKAMURA, H. TONE
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
848-850
Published: July 25, 1994
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HIDEYUKI SHIOZAWA, SHUJI TAKAHASHI
1994 Volume 47 Issue 7 Pages
851-853
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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