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I. Taxonomy, Production and Purification
SEIJI YOSHIMURA, TAKANAO OTSUKA, YASUHISA TSURUMI, YUKO MURAMATSU, HIR ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
1-7
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2009
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WA8242A
1, A
2 and B, novel inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A
2, were obtained from the cultured mycelium of
Streptomyces violaceusniger No. 8242. WA8242A
1, A
2 and B are structurally related compounds with α-aminoadipic acid and with various length of alkyl chains.
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II. Biological Properties
SEIJI YOSHIMURA, TAKANAO OTSUKA, YUKO MURAMATSU, TATSUJIRO FUJIWARA, M ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
8-13
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2009
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WA8242A
1, A
2 and B, novel inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A
2 (PLA
2), were obtained from
Streptomyces violaceusniger No. 8242. WA8242B inhibited secretory group I and II PLA
2s in a dose-dependent manner. The mode of inhibition of group II PLA
2 by WA8242B was in competitive fashion. WA8242B inhibited group II PLA
2-induced Prostaglandin I
2 (PGI
2) production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Furthermore, WA8242B was effective in mouse zymosan writhing model.
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KOEN A. DEKKER, ROBERT J. AIELLO, HIDEO HIRAI, TAISUKE INAGAKI, TATSUO ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
14-20
Published: January 25, 1998
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Among methods of controlling hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia is the direct stimulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. Two novel lactone compounds, CJ-12, 950 and CJ-13, 357, containing an unusual oxime moiety, were isolated from a zygomycete
Mortierella verticillata. These lactones are potent inducers of the LDL receptor gene
in vitro, that enhanced LDL receptor expression in human hepatocytes 2-fold at 100nM.
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I. Taxonomy, Production, Isolation, Physico-chemical Properties and Biological Activities
ISAO MOMOSE, WEI CHEN, NAOKO KINOSHITA, HIRONOBU IINUMA, MASA HAMADA, ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
21-25
Published: January 25, 1998
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A new antibiotic designated polyketomycin was isolated from the culture broth of
Streptomyces sp. MK277-AF1. It was purified by ethyl acetate extraction, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). It inhibited growth of Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Its MICs were less than 0.2μg/ml. Polyketomycin exhibited cytotoxic activity against nine tumor cell lines at concentrations of 0.9∼5.2μg/ml.
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II. Structure Determination
ISAO MOMOSE, WEI CHEN, HIKARU NAKAMURA, HIROSHI NAGANAWA, HIRONOBU IIN ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
26-32
Published: January 25, 1998
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A new antibiotic, polyketomycin, was isolated from the culture broth of
Streptomyces sp. MK277-AF1. The structure was determined by various NMR spectroscopies, X-ray crystallographic analysis and degradation experiments.
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TARO AMAGATA, YOSHIHIDE USAMI, KATSUHIKO MINOURA, TADAYOSHI ITO, ATSUS ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
33-40
Published: January 25, 1998
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Five novel metabolites, trichodenones A∼C (
1∼
3), harzialactone A (
4) and B (
5), have been isolated together with known
R-mevalonolactone (
6) from the culture broth of a strain of
Trichoderma harzianum OUPS-N115 originally separated from the sponge
Halichondria okadai. Their structures have been elucidated by spectral evidence. Among them,
1∼
3 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against cultured P388 cells.
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O. S. KINSMAN, P. A. CHALK, H. C. JACKSON, R. F. MIDDLETON, A. SHUTTLE ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
41-49
Published: January 25, 1998
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A novel antifungal antibiotic GR135402 has been isolated from a fermentation broth of
Graphium putredinis which inhibited protein synthesis in
Candida albicans but not rabbit reticulocytes. The spectrum of activity included
C. albicans and
Cryptococcus neoformans but not some other
Candida species or
Aspergillus species. Therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of systemic candidosis was attained following parenteral dosing.
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STEVEN J. GOULD, SEONG-TSHOOL HONG, JOHN R. CARNEY
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
50-57
Published: January 25, 1998
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The genes for most of the biosynthesis of the kinamycin antibiotics have been cloned and heterologously expressed. Genomic DNA of
Streptomyces murayamaensis was partially digested with
Mbo I and a library of ∼40 kb fragments in
E. coli XL1-BlueMR was prepared using the cosmid vector pOJ446. Hybridization with the
act I probe from the actinorhodin polyketide synthase genes identified two clusters of polyketide genes. After transferal of these clusters to
S. lividans ZX7, expression of one cluster was established by HPLC with photodiode array detection. Peaks were identified from the
kin cluster for dehydrorabelomycin, kinobscurinone, and stealthin C, which are known intermediates in kinamycin biosynthesis. Two shunt metabolites, kinafluorenone and seongomycin were also identified. The structure of the latter was determined from a quantity obtained from large-scale fermentation of one of the clones.
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ARMANDO MEJÍA, JAVIER BARRIOS-GONZÁLEZ, GUSTAVO VINIEGRA ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
58-63
Published: January 25, 1998
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A novel method for selecting overproducing strains of rifamycin B was developed. This technique involves the use of lysozyme and the effect of barbital on the growth of
A. mediterranei. Complete medium added with glycine and barbital was inoculated with mutagenized mycelium, incubated for 48 hours and treated with lysozyme. The lysozyme resistant mycelium was washed with dilute detergent. Complete medium with glycine but without barbital was inoculated with the washed mycelium. Protoplasts were obtained and regenerated and the colonies were picked and seeded on Bennet agar plates with and without barbital. Two selected mutants were sensitive to 0.5% barbital producing 200% more rifamycin than the parental strain. In addition, 30 barbital resistant mutants were isolated and their production level was lower than the one observed with the parental strain. These results suggest that the effect of barbital on secondary metabolism (rifamycin production) is related to its effect on primary metabolism.
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C. ACEBAL, R. ALCAZAR, L. M. CAÑEDO, F. DE LA CALLE, P. RODRIGU ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
64-67
Published: January 25, 1998
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Sesbanimides are cytotoxic compounds, originally isolated in 1983 from seeds of the leguminous plants
Sesbania drummondii and
Sesbania punicea. In this paper we describe the bacterial production of sesbanimides by two “marine Agrobacterium”; strain PH-103 which produces Sesbanimide-A and strain PH-A034C which produces Sesbanimide-C. The isolation and taxonomy of the producing microorganisms, fermentation and isolation of sesbanimides are reported.
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MUN-CHUAL RHO, MITSUHIDE TOYOSHIMA, MASAHIKO HAYASHI, RYUJI UCHIDA, KA ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
68-72
Published: January 25, 1998
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In the course of our screening for compounds that reverse multidrug resistance, we found that the cytotoxicity of vincristine was enhanced 1.5∼20-fold depending on the concentration of andrastin A in vincristine-resistant KB cells (VJ-300). Andrastin A alone had no effect on the growth of drug sensitive KB cells and VJ-300 cells. On the other hand, andrastin A (25 and 50 μg/ml) significantly enhanced accumulation of [
3H]vincristine in VJ-300 cells. Andrastin A (50 μg/ml) completely inhibited the binding of [
3H]azidopine to the P-glycoprotein in VJ-300 cells. The result suggests that andrastin A directly interacts with P-glycoprotein and inhibits the efflux of antitumor agents in drug resistant cells.
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ANDREI Y. PAVLOV, MARIA N. PREOBRAZHENSKAYA, ADRIANO MALABARBA, ROMEO ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
73-78
Published: January 25, 1998
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A series of 7d-aminomethylated derivatives (mono modified) and their amides (double modified) at the amino acid No. 7 of teicoplanin aglycon were prepared with the aim of obtaining activity against vancomycin-resistant VanA enterococci. Among mono modified compounds, the 7d-
n-decylaminomethyl derivative was the most active against VanA enterococci (4 μg/ml). Amides of the latter with 3-dimethylamino-propylamine or methylamine were found to be up to four times more active against glycopeptide-susceptible Gram-positive bacteria, and up to four times less active against VanA enterococci than the starting compound.
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NORIYUKI YAMASHITA, TAKASHI HARADA, KAZUO SHIN-YA, HARUO SETO
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
79-81
Published: January 25, 1998
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WOON-HYUNG YEO, OK-KYUNG LEE, BONG-SIK YUN, JONG-SHIN WOO, YONG-KOOK K ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
82-84
Published: January 25, 1998
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YASUHIKO KOMATSU, OSAMU TAKAHASHI, HIDEYA HAYASHI
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
85-88
Published: January 25, 1998
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YASUHIKO KOMATSU, HIDEYA HAYASHI
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
89-91
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2009
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MI-HEON LEE, MASAHIRO YAMASHITA, RYOUHEI F. TSUJI, MAKARI YAMASAKI, TA ...
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
92-94
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2009
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SHIN TANOUE, ATSUSHI KARINO, YOICHIRO NAYUKI, KENZO OHTSUKI
1998 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages
95-98
Published: January 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2009
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