The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 732 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of June 1992 to May 1993. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.4% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.6% and most of them were Escherichia coli.
1.Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml. The others except chloramphenicol (CP) were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
2.Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA
VCM showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀, was 1μg/ml. Arbekacin (ABK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
3. Staphylococcus epidermidis
ABK showed the highest activities against S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.5μg/ml. Cefotiam (CTM) and VCM were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 2μg/ml. Penicillins except ABPC, gentamicin (GM), clindamycin (CLDM) and quinolones were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.
4.Streptococcus agalactiae
Most of the agents were active against S. agalactiae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Penicillins, cephems, erythromycin (EM), and CLDM showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.25μg/ml or below. Amikacin (AMK) and minocycline (MINO) were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
5.Citrobacter freundii
IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. Cefozopran (CZOP) and amikacin (AMK) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally were not so active.
6.Enterobacter cloacae
IPM and GM sho wed the highest activities against E. cloacae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.5 μg/ml. Cipronoxacin (CPFX) and tosuHoxacin (TFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities.
7.Escherichia coli
Most of the age nts were active against E. coli. Flomoxef (FMOX), cefmenoxime (CMX), CZOP, IPM, carumonam (CRMN), norfloxacin (NFLX), ofloxacin (OFLX), CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Cefotiam (CTM), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefuzonam (CZON) and latamoxef (LMOX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
8. Klebsiella pneumoniae
Most of the agents were active against K. pneumoniae. FMOX, CMX, CZOP and CRMN showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. But ampicillin (ABPC) was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 128μg/ml.
9.Proteus mirabilis
Most of the agents were active against P. mirabilis. FMOX, CMX, CAZ, CZON, LMOX, CFIX, CPDX, CRMN, NFLX, CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against P. mirabilis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. ABPC and MINO were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 256μg/ml or above.

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Clinical background was investigated on 913 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 11 hospitals during the period from June, 1992 to May, 1993.
1. Distribution of sex, age and infections
Among over forties males, the majority was taken by complicated urinary tract infections. Among females, the uncomplicated urinary tract infections was most frequent without a relation of age.
2. Distribution of sex, age and pathogens isolated from UTIs
In uncomplicated UTIs,Escherichia coli was most frequently isolated without a relation of age, and next CNS in under fifties. In complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter, E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated with a frequency of 12-28%, respectively. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most frequently isolated, and next E. faecalis.
3. Administration of antibiotics and pathogens isolated from UTIs
In uncomplicated UTIs, pathogens, after administration of anti biotics, isolated from patients have obviously decreased from 306 to 44 isolates. And also, pathogens of complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter, have decreased from 217 to 76 isolates. However, in complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter, pathogens after or before administration of antibiotics, were not revealed an obvious change.
4. Pathogens and UTIs with or without factor and operation
In uncomplicated UTIs with or without factor and oper ation,E. coil was mainly detected. In complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter and with or without factor and operation,E. coli was mainly detected. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter and with factor and operation,P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis were detected, 19.6% and 16.0%, respectively. Without factor and operation,P. aeruginosa was detected, 28.9%, and next E. faecalis 13.3%. The distribution of pathogens after administration of antibiotics was similar.

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Susceptibilities of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 11 hospitals during June 1992 to May 1993 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated UTIs, complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter, and complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter.
The susceptibilities of E. faecalis iso lated from uncomplicated UTIs to quinolones has decreased.
As for S. aureus, Citrobacter spp.,Enterobacter spp., P. mirabilis and Serratia spp., which were detected very few in 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992, their susceptibilities were not observed an obvious change.
E. coli, all strains were highly susceptibilities to latamoxef and cefozopran. And the susceptibilities of E. coli isolated from uncomplicated UTIs and complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter to minocycline has decreased in 1991, but they has been indicated a trend of recovery in 1992.
The difference in according UTI's classification of the susceptibilities of Klebsiella spp. to minocycline in 1991 has not recognized in 1992. And the susceptibilities of Klebsiella spp. isolated from complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter to quinolones has decreased.
The susceptibilities of P. aeruginosa isolated from complicated U TIs to quinolones has been indicated a trend of recovery.
These data should be considered in clinical treatment of various urinary tract infections.

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The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 657 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1993 to May 1994. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.3% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% and most of them were Escherichia coll.
1.Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
2.Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA
VCM showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. Arbekacin (ABK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
3.Staphylococcus epidermidis
VCM showed the strongest activity against S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. ABK was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 4μg/ml. The others except ABPC were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
4.Streptococcus agalactiae
Most of the agents were active against S. agalactiae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Penicillins, cephems, erythromycin (EM), and clindamycin (CLDM) showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.25μg/ml or below. Amikacin (AMK) and minocycline (MINO) showed somewhat low activities with the MIC₉₀s of 16μg/ml.
5.Citrobacter freundii
IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 2μg/ml. Cefozopran (CZOP) and gentamicin (GM) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally were not so active.
6.Enterobacter cloacae
IPM and GM sh owed the highest activities against E. cloacae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 1μg/ml. CZOP and tosufloxacin (TFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems except CZOP showed lower activities with the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.
7.Escherichia coli
Most of antimicrob ial agents were active against E. coli. Flomoxef (FMOX), CZOP, IPM, CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Cefmenoxime (CMX), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefuzonam (CZON), latamoxef (LMOX), carumonam (CRMN), norfloxacin (NFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins and MINO were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
8.Klebsiella pneumoniae
CZOP, IPM a nd CRMN showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. CAZ, CZON, CFIX, CPFX and TFLX were also active the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 128μg/ml or above.
9.Proteus mirabilis
P. mirabilis was susceptible to a majority of drugs. CMX, CAZ, CZON, LMOX, CFIX, CRMN and CPFX showed the highest activities against P. mirabilis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. MINO was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 256μg/ml or above.

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Clinical background was investigated on 734 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in 10 hospitals during the period from June, 1993 to May, 1994.
1. Distribution of sex, age and infections
Among over fifties males, the m ajority was taken by complicated urinary tract infections. Among females, the uncomplicated urinary tract infections was most frequent without a relation of age.
2. Distribution of sex, age and pathogens isolated from UTIs
In uncomplicated UTIs, Escherichia coli was most frequentl y isolated without a relation of age, and next Klebsiella spp. and CNS.
In complicated UTIs wit hout indwelling catheter,E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis were the most frequent. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most frequently isolated, and next E. faecalis.
3. The frequency of comple xed infections in UTIs
The frequency of complexed infections has incre ased from in uncomplicated UTIs to complicated UTIs.
4. Administration of antibiotics and pathogens isolated from UTIs
In uncomplicated UTIs, pathogens, after administration of an tibiotics, isolated from patients have obviously decreased from 222 to 33 isolates. And also, pathogens of complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter, have decreased from 205 to 50 isolates. However, in complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter, pathogens after or before administration of antibiotics, were not revealed an obvious change.
5. Pathogens and UTIs with or without factor and operation
In uncomplicated UTIs with or without factor and op eration,E. coli was mainly detected. In complicated UTIs without indwelling catheter and with or without factor and operation,E. coli and E. faecalis were mainly detected. In complicated UTIs with indwelling catheter and with factor and operation,P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis were mainly detected, 22.0% and 14.1%, respectively. Without factor and operation, was detected,E. faecalis 21.1%, and next Proteus spp. 15.8%. The distribution of pathogens, in the case of Serratia spp., has been obviously varied by the influence of factor and operation.

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