The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics
Online ISSN : 2186-5477
Print ISSN : 0368-2781
ISSN-L : 0368-2781
Volume 49, Issue 9
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
  • 1996 Volume 49 Issue 9 Pages 825-848
    Published: September 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • SPECIAL REFERENCES TO BACTERIA ISOLATED BETWEEN JULY 1994 AND JUNE 1995
    NAGAO SHINAGAWA, KOICHI HIRATA, RYUICHI DENNO, MITSUHIRO MUKAIYA, KYUY ...
    1996 Volume 49 Issue 9 Pages 849-891
    Published: September 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Isolated bacteria from infections in general surgery during the period from July 1994 to June 1995 were investigated by a multicenter study in Japan, and the following results were obtained.
    One hundred and fifty-three strains were isolated from primary infections, and 143 stra ins were isolated from postoperative infections. From primary infections, both anaerobic Gram-positive and negative bacteria were predominant, and from postoperative infections, aerobic Gram-positive bacteria were predominant. Among aerobic Gram-positive bacteria, the isolation rate of Enterococcus faecalis was highest, followed by that of Staphylococcus aureus from both types of infections. Among anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, the isolation rate of Streptococcus intermedius was highest from primary infections, but from postoperative infections anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria was uncommon. Among aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli was most predominantly isolated from primary infections, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in this order. From postoperative infections, P.aeruginosa was most predominantly isolated, followedby Serratia marcescens and E. coli. Among anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, the isolation rate of Bacteroides fragilis group was the highest from both types of infections.
    We have noticed that resistant strains against imipenem and ofloxacin were increasing among P. aeruginosa and resistant strains against cefazolin were incresing among E. coli. MICs of cefazolin against four out of 30 strains of E. coli were higher than 100μg/ml, and MICs of imipenem was higher than 50μg/ml against 5 out of 22 strains of P.aeruginosa.
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  • TSUTOMU TSURUOKA, AIKO MIYATA, SHIGEHARU INOUYE
    1996 Volume 49 Issue 9 Pages 892-898
    Published: September 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The mutation sites in FR182 and FR190, which were selected as fosfomycin (FOM) resistant mutants in vitro from an Escherichia coli (E. coli) K-12 derivative, were found to be close to the 52min. and the 85min., respectively, on linkage map of E. coli K-12. Therefore, the site of mutatio nin FR182 appears to be ptsl and that in FR190 to be cyaA based on the physiological and biochemical characteristics. We isolated isogenic transductants from the FOM resistant strains (from FR182, resistant strain AMG3 and sensitive strain AMG4, and from FR190, resistant strain AMI5 and sensitive strain AMI6) by transducing the genes of the resistant strains into recipients that were deficient in alkaline phosphatase. Under anaerobic conditions, MICs in the isogenic transductants were all decreased and the resistant transductants showed similar FOM sensitivities to the respective sensitive transductants. The FOM resistant strains were clearly lysed by much lower concentrations of FOM in the presence of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) or glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) than in their absence, but the extent of lysis was more pronounced when both cAMP and G6P were present together, resembling the lysis of sensitive strains in same condition.
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