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Volume 45 (1982)
- Issue 5 Pages 409-
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 213-
- Issue 2 Pages 127-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 45, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Yutaka SANO, Yoshihiro TAKEUCHI, Hiroshi KIMURA, Motoko GOTO, Mitsuhir ...1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 305-316
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing various vertebrates from teleost to macacus, we studied, by the modified PAP method, the serotonin neurons that are distributed mainly in the raphe nuclei area, focussing on their process ramifications, and obtained the following results.
1. The shapes of serotonin neurons were varied. They were multipolar with many long, thick dendrites. In most of the neurons, more than two axons originated either from the stem of a dendrite or from its tip.
2. The axons contained spherical or spindle-shaped varicosities of varied sizes (diameter 0.5-6μm). On a few occasions, they became large, Herring body-like droplets.
3. The axons were classified into four groups according to the shape and size of the varicosities they contained: stem fibers, A-fibers (tract fibers), B-fibers (branching fibers) and C-fibers (ground fibers).
4. The axon not only branched frequently, but formed a true network by way of frequent anastomosis at the level of B- and C-fibers. Serotonin fibers do not have endings that correspond to telodendrons, but conduct impulses through “en passant” type synapses.
5. A supraependymal plexus is formed over large areas of the ventricular system. This vast network is considered to be formed by the syncytial continuity of axonal reticulum of many serotonin neurons.
6. Serotonin neurons, and probably noradrenalin neurons as well, should be classified as a third type of neuron, which belong to neither the Deiters type nor the Golgi type neuron. Their characteristic feature is the long, reticular axons, and it is highly probable that this neuron system forms the “rete nervosa diffusa” proposed by GOLGI.View full abstractDownload PDF (15606K) -
Martin BERGMANN, Hartmut GREVEN, Jochen SCHINDELMEISER1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 317-324
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn mature fire salamander testes examined in early spring, smooth muscle cells can as a rule be observed in the connective tissue which underlies the peritoneal epithelium covering the testis. These smooth muscle cells show a variable degree of differentiation that ranges from fibroblast-like cells in the cranial immature parts of the testis to contracted smooth muscle cells with bundles of myofilaments in the caudal (regressive) glandular tissue, indicating a close relationship to the spermatogenic cycle. The monolayered peritoneal epithelium consists of one cell type only, which is extremely flattened in most parts of the testis and columnar in the glandular tissue. The height of the epithelium may partly be due to the non-contracted resp. contracted state of the underlying muscle cells. The muscle cells are possibly involved in sperm discharge.View full abstractDownload PDF (11465K) -
Yoshimitsu KATOH, Nobuo SHIMIZU1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 325-333
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy light microscopic observation of the mouse brain impregnated by the Holmes' method, intensely stained cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were demonstrated in the nerve cells of the hypothalamus, locus coeruleus and other autonomic regions in addition to the limbic system and some circumventricular organs. Electron microscope observation of ultrathin sections made from vibratome sections impregnated by the Holmes' method revealed that the structures which have been called the nucleolus-like bodies were loaded with large amounts of gold particles. Hence, the Holmes-impregnated cytoplasmic inclusions could be identified with the so-called nucleolus-like bodies. The fine structure, distribution and significance of these bodies were described.View full abstractDownload PDF (10862K) -
Tsuyoshi SOJI1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 335-345
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to identify the LH-gonadotroph, aided by histochemical demonstrations of adenylate cyclase and acid phosphatase activities in 60-day-old male rats, after a single 100μg injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). The results obtained are as follows: 1) Separation of the lysosomes from the large secretion granules in the LH-gonadotroph was accompolished in order to demonstrate acid phosphatase, the marker enzyme of lysosomes. 2) The large granules in the LH-gonadotroph decreased remarkably in number within 5 min after LH-RH injection. 3) A marked and prolonged increase in adenylate cyclase activity was observed on the plasma membrane of the LH-gonadotroph after LH-RH injection; this increase continued up to 30min. 4) At 60min after LH-RH injection the small secretion granules began to decrease in number. 5) Losing the large granules due to the LH-RH treatment, the LH-gonadotroph resembled the FSH-gonadotroph.
From these observations it appears that the FSH-gonadotroph is an immature or storage state LH-gonadotroph and that it changes from an LH-gonadotroph into an FSH-gonadotroph on the loss of its large secretion granules.View full abstractDownload PDF (25227K) -
Kazumasa MIURA, Tohru IZUMI, Junichi FUKUDA, Masaru YAMAZOE, Kohji TAM ...1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 347-354
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGlycogen aggregates in the cardiac muscle cell, which have been frequently demonstrated in endomyocardial biopsies under the transmission electron microscope, were studied using the optical microscope in order to clarify their histopathological significance in various heart diseases. The right ventricular muscle biopsies were obtained from the following 120 patients: 24 cases of congestive cardiomyopathy, 26 of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 28 of atrial septal defect, 6 of primary pulmonary hypertension, 31 of bradyarrhythmic hearts and 5 controls. The tissue specimens were fixed with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetraoxide, and embedded in epoxy resin. Semi-thin sections from these specimens were dyed with tribasic staining originated by KUROTAKI (1972).
Under the optical microscope, glycogen is clearly identified by its forming red stained areas which are seen not only in the subsarcolemmal layers and the perinuclear region, but also in the intermyofibrillar zones. The glycogen aggregates are more frequently observed in the specimens from the atrial septal defects and the bradyarrhythmic hearts than in the other cases.
Thus, observation of glycogen aggregates reveals notable differences in appearance depending on the kinds of diseases. In the bradyarrhythmic hearts, the glycogen aggregates can be more readily observed in specimens from younger patients than in elderly ones. Furthermore, the glycogen aggregates appear regardless of both the grades of hypertrophy and degeneration in myocardial cells. These results do not agree with previous reports that the occurrence of glycogen is proportional with the grade of cardiac cell hypertrophy and/or damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (9515K) -
Toshiharu YAMAMOTO, Katsuko KATAOKA, Junzo OCHI, Yoshiharu HONMA1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 355-364
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ironfish considered to be the natural hybrid between the Funa (Carassius carassius) and goldfish (C. auratus), has several peculiarities in its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology. Its adenohypophysis also shows follicular formations which are never found in either parent species.
The follicles of the ironfish adenohypophysis consist of both prolactin cells and stellate (agranular) cells. The prolactin cells have a tall pyramidal form, and their secretory granules are seen more numerously in the basal cytoplasm than in the apical region. The electron-dense content of the granule is released into the perifollicular space by exocytosis. The apices of the cells bearing microvilli and a cilium are exposed to the follicular lumen. Many of the cilia, however, protrude from the lateral surface of the apical region into the intercellular cleft. The apical processes of the stellate cells extend among the prolactin cells and reach the follicular lumen. The end of the process becomes broad with microvilli and a cilium, and is joined together with the apical processes of other stellate or prolactin cells and sometimes lies in close proximity to the corticotrophs near the follicle. Nerve terminals in the perifollicular region contain small clear vesicles and large granular vesicles. They are occasionally in direct contact with prolactin cells and corticotrophs. By fluorescence histochemistry for catecholamines, blue-green fluorescent fibers are frequently detected in the RPD but rarely near the follicle.
These findings suggest that the follicles seen in the ironfish are derived from the regional rudiments of the Rathke's pouch.View full abstractDownload PDF (15056K) -
Sunao FUJIMOTO1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 365-373
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy administration of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a synthetic inhibitor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), to rabbits, granular vesicles in the taste receptor cells remarkably decreased their contents.
The recovery of this core substance depletion occurred in specimens killed on the 15th day after injection of the drug and in animals injected with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) after treatment with PCPA.
Electron microscope observation suggests that granular vesicles in the receptor cells are 5-HT-storing particles and favors the view based on recent fluorescence histochemistry which indicates the presence of a biogenic monoamine, presumably 5-HT, in rabbit foliate taste bud cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (14694K) -
Sumio YOSHIE, Mikio ISHIYAMA, Tatsuyuki OGAWA1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 375-384
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuvernoy's gland (a type of venom gland) of the Japanese colubrid snake, Rhabdophis tigrinus, was examined by electron microscopy.
The secretory units of the gland consist of the secretory and myoepithelial cells. The secretory cells are columnar in shape and have well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Golgi apparatus and mitochondria in the basal perinuclear cytoplasm. The secretory granules are homogeneous in structure and moderately dense. They are accumulated in the apical cytoplasm and are released by exocytosis into the lumen. The myoepithelial cells often enclose the secretory units, contain bundles of filaments in the cytoplasmic process, and are innervated by the free endings of the autonomic nerves through the basement membrane. In addition, many nerve terminals end in pericapillary spaces, suggesting a release of neurosecretions into the blood. The duct epithelium is composed of typical mucus secreting cells, whose cytoplasm contains secretory globules of lower electron density.View full abstractDownload PDF (19153K) -
Jun-ichiro MIYAGAWA, Hisao FUJITA, Hiroshi MATSUDA1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 385-392
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInversion of thyroid follicles takes place constantly when they are isolated by digestion and cultured in suspension in Eagle's medium containing fetal calf serum without TSH.
Most inverted follicles are spherical in shape. The polarity of the follicle epithelial cell is inverted. The luminal surface loses its microvilli, while the outer surface toward the cultured medium protrudes numerous microvilll, the zonula occludens consisting of 3-8 strands moving from the luminal end to the outer end (culture medium side) of the lateral margins of the cell, with the Golgi apparatus becoming located in the cytoplasm between the nucleus and outer surface of the follicle. In all reversed follicle epithelial cells, cytoorganelles such as rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are extremely poor in development and numerous free ribosomes are scattered. Many lysosome-like dense bodies are distributed in the cytoplasm between the nucleus and the outer surface. A single cilium and long rootlets are sometimes seen in and near the outer surface of the follicle. The cytoplasm near the luminal surface of all the follicle cells shows accumulations of microfilaments which run almost parallel to one another and to the basal plasma membrane.
This system is a useful model for studying thyroid function in aspects of cell polarity and analyzing the detailed mechanisms of the secretory activity in the thyroid follicle epithelial cell.View full abstractDownload PDF (11131K) -
Toshihiko IWANAGA, Tsuneo FUJITA, Toru MASUDA, Yasuo TAKAHASHI1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 393-397
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study deals with an immunocytochemical localization of S-100 protein in the rat lymph nodes and spleen. The immunoreactivity for S-100 was contained in the reticular cells within the germinal center. The immunoreactive cells possessed a scanty perinuclear cytoplasm and extended slender cytoplasmic processes among lymphocytes. No cell outside the germinal center showed any immunoreactivity to the anti-S-100 serum.View full abstractDownload PDF (3638K) -
Sadakazu EJIRI, Hidehiro OZAWA1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 399-404
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe metaphysis of rat tibia was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using the HCl-collagenase method (EVAN et al., 1976) and the three-dimensional structure of osteocytes and the relationship between osteocytes and osteoblasts were demonstrated.
After the HCl-collagenase treatment, the bone matrix near the exposed surface was completely removed but the cellular components retained their structural integrity.
Young osteocytes located close to osteoblasts showed flattened, spindly shapes. They were connected with adjacent osteoblasts by short, wide and slightly branched processes.
On the other hand, the osteocytes located in the deeper portion of trabecular bone were smaller in size, being round or oval and flattened in shape. They were connected with both osteoblasts and neighboring osteocytes by long and more extensively branched processes forming a complicated network.
From these results, it is suggested that osteoblasts extend their processes perpendicularly to the bone surface, with these processes branching off and connecting to each other at the osteoid layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (9923K) -
1982 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 405-407
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: October 26, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (372K)
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