This report describes a clinical course of a premolar restoration made of a microfilled composite material. A single restoration made of the Gradia indirect composite material was seated to mandibular second premolar of a 57-year-old female patient. During the course of regular check-up, both second and adjacent first molar were extracted. Although the premolar restoration is functioning for more than 11 years, loss of anatomic form at the occlusal table is apparent. Care must be taken in application of a microfilled indirect composite material to posterior occlusal planes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of orofacial pain in community health centers in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia as well as associations with age, gender, interference in physical activity, and socioeconomic status.

Materials and Methods: Seven hundred patients aged at least 18 years from 35 Community Health Centers completed a questionnaire consisting of 4 socio-demographic questions (age, gender, educational attainment, and residential location) and 15 questions about their orofacial pain symptom history. The data were analyzed by using Pearson’s chi-square tests; statistical significance accepted at p<0.05.

Results: Of the 700 participants, 391 (55.9%) experienced orofacial pain in the previous 6 months. Of the 391 participants, 358 (91.6%) experienced toothache, and 254 (65.0%) complained of interference in daily activities due to orofacial pain. There were significant associations between jaw ache or jaw stiffness when waking up in the morning with education (p=0.001) and residential area (p=0.021) as well as between night clenching or grinding with age (p=0.007) and gender (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The data indicated a high prevalence of orofacial pain in this particular Indonesian population and can be used as baseline information for improving the management of orofacial pain.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of determining the area of the occlusal contact regions by CAD software.

Materials and Methods: Nine subjects were recruited. The maxillary right first molars were the subject teeth. Optical impressions were taken six times. An optical impression of each antagonist was taken once. For optical bite registration, optical impressions from the buccal side during clenching were taken six times. The occlusal contact regions obtained by optical impressions and optical bite registration were represented using CAD software. The variabilities derived from changes in optical impressions were compared with those derived from changes in optical bite registration.

Results: The variability of the area of the clearance region depending on changes in optical bite registration was significantly higher than that depending on changes in optical impressions.

Conclusion: It was demonstrated that changes in optical bite registration affected the reproducibility of the area of the clearance region.

Purpose: To investigate the in vivo efficacy of two types of single-cone fillings in the vital pulp of cynomolgus monkeys.

Materials and Methods: Root canals were performed on a total of 34 teeth (42 roots) in four young adult cynomolgus monkeys with healthy permanent dentition. Two types of single-cone fillings (Gutta-Percha point and RealSeal point) were used. After 28 or 180 days of filling, filled teeth and supporting tissues were dissected free of the jaws of euthanized animals. Following demineralization and sectioning, the stained sections were scored microscopically for a series of histomorphological parameters. The scores between groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U nonparametric tests. Tissue sections that were not cut through the apical foramen were excluded from evaluation.

Results: There were 32 roots that were suitable for evaluation. Most samples did not show significant inflammatory responses, although a few of the 28-day specimens did exhibit mild mononuclear cell infiltration and accumulation close to the filling material. For all histomorphological parameters, there were no significant differences between the four groups. Nearly one third of the evaluated roots showed the presence of the sealer outside of the apical foramen without gutta-percha overfilling. In two of these samples, overfilling materials were encapsulated by the epithelial cell rests of Malassez.

Conclusion: Both types of gutta-percha fillings (gutta-percha points and RealSeal points) and the sealer used in this study demonstrated favorable tissue compatibility. The single-cone filling technique may result in a higher risk of sealer extrusion.