All issues
Volume 62, Issue 4
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Original Papers
-
Saw Mya Linn, Manabu Ishikawa, Shunsuke Koshio, Saichiro Yokoyama2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 329-339
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe study was conducted to investigate effect of supplementation of α-tocopherol for juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major in relation to growth performance, tissue fatty acid composition, tissue vitamin E content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and oxidative condition. Four levels of diets (0, 100, 200, 400 mg α-tocopherol/ kg diet) were fed to triplicate groups of fish (mean 112.7±1.7 g) for 30 days. Weight gain and specific growth rate of the fish showed no statistical difference among the treatments. Both liver and muscle vitamin E contents increased (P<0.05) in fish fed 400 mg vitamin E/kg, followed by 200 mg and 100 mg vitamin E/kg diet. Tissue TBARS values were inversely related (P<0.05) by increasing the level of vitamin E. Docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids were increased relative to the dietary vitamin E levels (P<0.05). Hemoglobin was increased but plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and oxidative stress were decreased (P<0.05) as dietary vitamin E increased. In conclusion, the requirement level of vitamin E for red sea bream was 200 mg/kg of diet to reduce the lipid peroxidation in fish tissues and improve the health condition of fish. However dietary Vitamin E level did not affect on the growth performances of fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (192K) -
Saw Mya Linn, Manabu Ishikawa, Shunsuke Koshio, Saichiro Yokoyama, Ta ...2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 341-352
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to examine the effect of replacing fish meal with plant proteins on growth performance, nutrient utilization and the oxidative condition of red sea bream Pagrus major juveniles. Isonitrogenious FM 40T, FM 25T, FM 20T and FM 15T diets were composed of fish meal/mixture of plant proteins as 40/27, 25/56, 20/60 and 15/65, respectively, with taurine supplementation. FM 15 diet had no taurine supplementation. Fifty juveniles in a 1,000 l tank were given diet with three replicate tanks for 54 days. Specific growth rate were significantly higher in FM 40T and FM 25T compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). Feed intake was also significantly increased in FM 40T and FM 25T while no difference was found among the FM 20T, FM 15T and FM 15 groups. Liver lipid contents, GOT and GPT in FM 15 was significantly higher than the other groups. In terms of oxidative condition, supplementation of taurine in FM 15 improved the tolerance against oxidative stress. Therefore, FM 25T could be considered viable for red sea bream diet without negative effect on growth and health condition of fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (246K) -
Mitsuharu Toba, Yutaka Kobayashi, Yasuo Takahashi, Yoshiaki Saito2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 353-360
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince 2008, mortality of the hard clam Meretrix lusoria was repeatedly observed in grow-out cultures in inter- and sub-tidal areas in Tokyo Bay in summer. To clarify the causes of mortality, we conducted an in situ cage-rearing experiment at five study stations between April and September 2010. In the experiment, the survival and growth of clams were monitored, and clams were sampled periodically for histological observation of the digestive gland. In three of the five stations, i.e., excluding two stations in the Obitsu River estuary, survival of the cage-reared clams was reduced to 1-44% during June-August. Necrosis was found in the epithelial cells of the pretubular duct in a number of clams. The stratified structure of the columnar epithelial cells within the pretubular duct collapsed because of extensive necrosis in some clams. Occurrence of histological abnormalities in the digestive diverticula during the period of high clam mortality indicated that necrosis of the epithelial cells may be related to the cause of the mortality.View full abstractDownload PDF (2734K) -
Koji Yokogawa2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 361-374
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphological variations in the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides including growth-related changes, sexual dimorphism and morphological differences between populations in different habitats, were examined in samples from three reservoirs in Kagawa, Japan. Body measurements indicated frequent growth-related proportional changes, particularly increased body depth and width, sub-orbital width, upper and lower jaw lengths, whereas fin lengths (first dorsal, caudal, anal and pelvic) and orbital diameter decreased. Body weight increased with growth, with relative growth coefficients considerably over 3 for regressions between total length and body weight, likely due to relative increases in body depth and width. Meristic counts of the scales above and below the lateral line tended to increase. Existence of very few significant morphological differences between males and females suggested lack of sexual dimorphism. Collectively, a number of morphological differences were observed between individuals from different habitats.View full abstractDownload PDF (1009K) -
Yuji Fujikawa, Satoshi Katayama2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 375-384
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPond smelt is the main fisheries resource in Lakes Shinji and Nakaumi. This study investigated the spawning grounds and fishing season of this species. Fisheries statistics show that the annual population of this species was “widely fluctuating” during the period of 1960-1993 and “collapsed” (or un-recovered) during the period of 1994-2005. The main spawning grounds were observed in the River Hii, which flows into the west side of Lake Shinji. Pond smelt eggs were almost absent during 1979-1987 (the widely fluctuating period), when resident lacustrine fish were dominant in the fish population, and the spawning season was estimated to be during January-March, when the modal standard fish length was 93-95 mm. However, during 2001-2006, the spawning season was reduced to mid-January to mid-February, but modal length increased to 100-110 mm. Chronological changes in the spawning grounds and other spawning traits are discussed in relation to the observed demographical fluctuations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1828K) -
Kentaro Hashiguchi, Kenji Kawai, Masayuki Imajoh, Syun-ichirou Oshima2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 385-392
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStress affects the sensitivity of the immune response and the occurrence of infectious disease in fish. Various stimuli subject aquaculture fish to stress and the degree of the stress differs depending on the stimuli. In this study, various stimuli (lifting in the air with a net, lowering the water level, leaving in fresh water, leaving in formalin solution, and injecting at the abdominal cavity) were applied to yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata (mean 115 g), red sea bream Pagrus major (mean 162 g), and flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (mean 281 g), which are the main cultured marine fish in Japan. The blood glucose concentration in each fish species was then measured and the degree of stress was determined. The results indicated that reactions to each stimuli differed depending on the fish species. Highest concentrations of glucose were seen in the yellowtail injected at the abdominal cavity, the red sea bream left in formalin solution, and the flounder left in fresh water. The time required for the concentration of blood glucose to return to normal level also differed in each fish species. Results indicated that many of the procedures utilized in fish rearing cause stress.View full abstractDownload PDF (584K) -
Masayuki Yamamoto, Daiki Noguchi, Yasuhiro Obata, Takuma Sugaya, Motoh ...2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 393-405
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stock enhancement programs of kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus started in Kagawa Prefecture in 1967. The catch of this species increased from 1980s to early 1990s, but gradually decreased after 1997. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the stocking effectiveness of hatchery-reared (HR) kuruma prawn. In this study, we traced released HR prawns of stock enhancement programs using DNA-markers. 1.82 to 1.02 million HR prawns with approximately 50 mm were released in the east and central coast of Kagawa Prefecture, Bisan-seto and Harima-nada, in 2009 and 2010, respectively. The released HR prawns were discriminated based on the parent-child relationship with mitochondrial DNA and three microsatellites DNA markers. The released prawns were mainly recaptured in the waters off of the release areas. A portion of released population of prawns migrated to the western Kii Channel, whereas a number of were recaptured just north of Harima-nada. The recapture rate (economic efficiency of stocking) of released prawns in 2009 and 2010 in the first year after release was 0.54% (0.16) and 4.67% (1.51), respectively. These results indicated that stock enhancement programs increased catch of kuruma prawn, although differences in the recapture rates between the two years were high.View full abstractDownload PDF (1581K) -
Naohiko Takeshita, Itaru Ikeda, Kunimasa Aoki, Yukiya Nishimura, Takum ...2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 407-414
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of water temperature on feeding and growth of the amphidromous sculpin Cottus pollux ME were studied using 9 different temperatures from 10 to 26°C for 30 days. At each of the 9 temperatures, five males and females were reared in aquaria and the rearing examination was repeated 3 times (n=270). Results indicate that water temperatures ranging from 18 to 20°C were optimal for daily feeding rate, temperatures ranging from 14 to 17°C were optimal for daily growth rate, and feeding efficiency temperatures ranging from 11 to 16°C were optimal among males and females. The optimal water temperatures for daily growth rate and feeding efficiency were slightly lower than those for daily feeding rate. Also, the values by the polynomial equation of daily growth rate and feeding efficiency for 26°C had lower or negative values. These results indicate that the optimal water temperature range is from 14 to 20°C, and that a water temperature of 10°C is too low and 26°C is too high for C. pollux ME to feed and grow.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Peerapon Khaoian, Haruhiko Ogita, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Michiko Nishioka ...2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 415-423
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of taurine supplementation to low fish meal diets was studied on 1 year old yellowtails for 18 weeks. The diets were the control containing 60% of fish meal (FM) in the diet (FM60), low FM (FM35) and low FM with taurine (FM35T). Growth performance and plasma component levels were not affected by non-supplementation of taurine. On the other hand, taurine concentrations in the liver and red muscle of FM35T-fed fish were significantly higher than in that of fish fed with other diets, while those in FM35-fed fish were significantly lower than those in FM60. A taste test conducted after 18 weeks of feeding revealed no difference in taste preference between FM35T- and FM60-fed fish whereas the ventral part of FM35-fed fish was less preferred than fish fed with other diets. These results showed that taurine supplementation did not affect growth performance but may improve the taste of 1 year old yellowtails fed with low-FM diet under the present culture conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (189K) -
Akari Misawa, Sinya Kada, Masayuki Yoshida2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 425-432
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe modes of action of three commonly used anesthetic agents, 2-phenoxyethanol (2-PE), MS-222, and eugenol, were compared on goldfish. Progressive stages of anesthesia induction were registered by measuring the time to induce six predetermined behavioral or physiological states. Dose dependency of 2-PE and MS-222 anesthesia was nearly identical in the lighter stages of anesthesia, whereas higher doses of MS-222 tended to induce a loss of ventilation. Compared with the other anesthetics, eugenol took relatively long time to achieve surgical anesthesia, whereas it induced the loss of ventilation soon thereafter. Eugenol anesthesia also required a longer recovery time compared with the other anesthetics. We suggest that, in goldfish, eugenol at low concentration is applicable for reducing short-term handling stress. The anesthetics 2-PE and MS-222 are preferable for use in cases involving surgical manipulations.View full abstractDownload PDF (523K) -
Tadashi Sasaki, Shigeru Tokiwa2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 433-440
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProduction of settlement-stage larvae of iwagaki oyster Crassostrea nippona was performed using a large tank (100 kl) in a semi-outdoor environment. To simplify rearing procedures, routine bottom cleaning and replacement of sea water were not undertaken for the duration of larval production. Two trial productions were performed and larvae were reared on two or three different microalgal diets. In the first trial, 35 million settlement-stage larvae were produced on a diet of Chaetoceros calcitrans (commercial diet), Isochrysis sp. (T-ISO) and Chaetoceros gracilis, given in that order. In the second trial, 122 million settlement-stage larvae were produced on a diet of Isochrysis sp. (T-ISO) and C. gracilis, given in that order. The survival rates of larvae at the settlement stage in both first and second trials were 63.1% and 79.5%, respectively. These values were higher than those obtained through conventional production methods using small tanks (1 kl). Since the time allocated to daily larval management procedures (e.g. cleaning etc.) was markedly reduced, and the diet used was produced outdoors comparatively easily, the rearing methods employed in this study are considered to be well suited for large-scale production of iwagaki oyster seeds in the early part of the larval seed production season.View full abstractDownload PDF (800K)
Short Paper
-
Rena Shibata, Yasuyuki Uto, Yoshifumi Miyama2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 441-443
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRetinal structure in marbled sole was examined microscopically in their early developmental stage to estimate a linkage of changes of visual ability with the caudal fin loss. Photoreceptor cells in the pre-metamorphosis stage were comprised of single cones exclusively. During metamorphosis, adjacent single cones formed double cones, while a regular square mosaic pattern composed of four double cones surrounding one single cone appeared in post-metamorphosis stage. These morphological changes were assumed to improve the visual ability. As one of possible causes for caudal fin loss, biting other individuals is considered to increase by the help of the improved visual sense.View full abstractDownload PDF (280K)
Note
-
Koji Niizeki, Masato Watanabe, Shigehiko Izumi2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 445-452
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effects of fertilization using fermented chicken manure on zooplankton occurrence and seed production of big-scaled redfin Tribolodon hakonensis in four ponds (including two control ponds) during 12 June-19 July, 2013. A total of 15 species of zooplankton occurred and a Cladocera, Moina macrocopa, was the dominant species before the introduction of T. hakonensis larvae. The densities of Ploimida and Cyclopoida were higher in control ponds than those in seed production ponds. More than 100 individuals/100 ml M. macrocopa was observed in the ponds during 8-16 days after fertilization (DAF), which started from 11 June 2013, and the highest density was 1,801 individuals/100 ml at 9 DAF. After the release of T. hakonensis larvae at 14 DAF, the densities of M. macrocopa decreased rapidly within several days, presumably due to predation by fish larvae, but those densities in control ponds were constant levels until 31 DAF. A higher survival rate (96% vs. 51%) of T. hakonensis juveniles was observed in a pond with higher abundance of M. macrocopa before the feeding of artificial diet. Our findings suggest that monitoring of zooplankton abundance before and after the release of larvae is important for T. hakonensis seed production.View full abstractDownload PDF (601K)
Contribution
-
[in Japanese]2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 453
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (149K)
Program and Abstracts
-
Atsushi Hagiwara2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 455-474
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (688K) -
Atsushi Hagiwara2014 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 475-503
Published: December 20, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (673K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|