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Volume 27, Issue 7
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages Cover27-
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages Cover28-
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Article type: Bibliography
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages Misc9-
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Yasuo KawakamiArticle type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 605-616,662
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSI. The modes of interactions between infection and allergy. Almost every infection is accompanied by allergy. The relationlhips between infection and allergy may be summerized as follows. A) Specific immunological processes accompanying infections. 1) Infectious agents or their products act as specific antigens. 2) Interactions between infectious agents and tissue components will probably produce some autoimmune lesions. For example, infectious agents may act as haptens or carriers to tissue components, or may have some cross reacting antigens with the latter. B) Non-specific effects of infections. 1) Adjuvant effects. Potentiation of the immunogenicity of antigens, alteration of the modes of sensitization (e.g. production of the delayed hypersitivity by protein antigens in tuberculous animals), liberation of the chemical mediators, increase of the sensitivity of target organs. 2) Modification of the immune response by way of antigenic competition. 3) Promoting the leakage of exogenous antigens into the body, or damage the segregation of autoantigens. II. Types of allergy related to infections. Though it was previously believed that infectious allergy was confined to the delayed allergy, now we can draw examples of any type of allergy from the consequenses of infections. Concerning our studies, we have shown that in bronchial asthma infectious agents could act as antigens producing immediate and sometimes Arthus type of allergy, and that the experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis produced in sensitized animals by inhalation of bacterial antigens could have lesions of III or IV type of allergy according to the states or phases of sensitization. It was also found that long term bacterial sensitization (1.5-2 years) was necessary for the production of the lesions such as chronic glomerulonephritis, eventually it was suggested that some persistent infections or long term sensitizations might be the prerequisite conditions for the occurence of lesions like immune collagen disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (1989K) -
Kiyoyasu Hashimoto, Tatsuya Miki, Yasuhito Kazuta, Atsushi HoriuchiArticle type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 617-623,663
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLevamisole (LMS), known as an anthelminthic agent with immuno-stimulatory actions, was used in the treatment of the New Zealand black and New Zealand white F_1 hybrid (B/W) mice, known to develop spontaneously a disease similar to human systemic lupus erythematosus. Groups of B/W mice received subcutaneously either 20 mg/kg LMS, 1.25 mg/kg LMS, or physiological saline once weekly from three months of age. Large dose group was protected against development of proteinuria and lupus nephritis. Small dose group was also prevented from lupus nephritis, compared to control group, but less significant than large dose group. Large dose group of LMS did not prevent development of antibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA). ANA were observed rather earlier and more prominently than control group. The discrepancy between ANA and nephrotic damage is not known. Further work is now urgently required to establish the effect, of any, of these antibodies and their nature, specificity and permanence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1237K) -
Junko Hirooka, Takehiko Kanemitsu, Toshikazu Nagakura, Yoji Iikura, Ju ...Article type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 624-630,663
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe intractable asthmatic children were compared with mild or moderate cases in the bronchial hypersensitivity to Ach. The 17 cases of the intractable group and the 29 cases of the control group inhalated Ach solution of 250, 500 and 750μg/ml concentration by Porta-Bird. When the decrease of FEV_1 became to 15% or more, or wheezing occurred, it was considered positive. The 4 healthy children inhalated Ach solution of concentration starting from 1000 μg/ml in a serial doubling manner until they could not inhalate any more because of the irritation of their throats. The 12 cases of the intractable group (71%) were positive on 250 μg/ml concentration in contrast with the 8 cases of the control group (28%). The average decrease of FEV_1 on 250 μg/ml concentration was 19.2±14.9% in the intractable group and 10.0±5.4% in the control group. On the other hand, the 2 of the 7 mild cases, having no wheezing during the last one year or more, were positive on 250 μg/ml. In the healthy children, one was positive on 800 μg/ml and others above 8000 μg/ml. When 20 mg of disodium cromoglycate, 1 capsule of Intal, was inhalated 5 minutes before Ach inhalation test, the fall of FEV_1, by Ach much decreased in both groups. In general, the intractable cases had more increased bronchial hypersensitivity than control cases. But there were a few cases having much increased bronchial hypersensitivity, though clinically very mild.View full abstractDownload PDF (889K) -
Kanming Chao, Makoto Ushiyama, Yukio Kitajima, Kazuyosi NakanoArticle type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 631-637,664
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma were challenged with inhalation or sublingual testing of food additives F.D. & C.Blue No.1, No.2, Red No.2, No.3, Yellow No.5 (Tartrazine) and No.6. FVC, FEV_<1.0> and clinical symptoms were recorded serially. The clinical criteria were made positive with a 20% reduction or more of the spirogram. Two cases were reported as aspirin intolerance with cross reactivity to Tartrazine. Case 1, 38-year-old-male, asthmatic attack with 2 mg/ml of Tartrazine by sublingual testing. Case 2, 49-year-old-female, also had asthmatic attack with 2 mg/ml inhalation of Tartrazine. The "K-P diet" was effective in these cases with hypersensitivity to Tartrazine.View full abstractDownload PDF (943K) -
Chiharu Hiramine, Kenji Hojo, Ikuya YanoArticle type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 638-647,664
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExtracts were prepared from whole cells of N. rubra according to the method of preparation of the tuberculin active peptides. The extracts were water-soluble protein which contained a small amount of nucleic acids but did not contain sugar or mycolic acids. It showed the maximum absorption at 275nm. It was ascertained that the extracts possessed the capacity as test antigen for assessment of the immune responsiveness in Hartley strain guinea pigs inoculated subcutaneously with N. rubra. Both delayed skin reaction and in vitro lymphocyte transformation to the extracts appeared at 1 week after the infection, attained maximum at 2 weeks and declined at 4 weeks. These changes in cell-mediated immune responses of the infected guinea pigs ran parallel with histological sequence of granulomatous lesions at the site of inoculation. On the other hand, humoral immune response of guinea pigs after infection with N. rubra was considerably weak; only a low titer of passive hemagglutination antibody appeared after 2 weeks or later. Besides, the extracts were competent to develop antibodies as a weak immunogen when they were injected together with incomplete Freund's adjuvant into guinea pigs. In addition, the extracts demonstrated the cross-reactivity in vivo to guinea pigs sensitized with complete Freund's adjuvant.View full abstractDownload PDF (1840K) -
Fujio Morikawa, Masayuki Tejima, Seishiro Fujii, Shinobu HyakutakeArticle type: Article
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 648-661,665
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlkyl ethoxy sulfate (AES) is an anionic surface-active agent. The authors investigated contact hypersensitivity of commercially available AES products by using the guinea pig maximization test described by Magnusson and Kligman. It was revealed some of them possessed allergenicity. An analytical work was carried out on a sensitizing AES and it was demonstrated that the allergenic capacity was caused by 1-dodecene-1, 3-sultone (DS), an impurity of the products formed during the manufacturing processes by a SO_3 gas sulfation method. Allergenicity of DS was extremely strong and it was capable of sensitizing animals even in a minute dose of 10 ppm levels. DS and its related compounds were synthesized and was made a comparative study of their allergenicity and cross-reactivity. 1, 3-dodecanesultone (SDS), 2-Br-1, 3-dodecanesultone, and 2-Cl-1, 3-dodecanesultone were proved to be strong sensitizers corresponding to DS, and extensive cross-reactivity was observed among them. But 1, 3-propanesultone possessed neither allergenicity nor cross-reactivity to the other sultones. In two groups of guinea pigs sensitized with each of DS and SDS, n-dodecyl n-dodecanesulfonate, n-dodecyl p-toluenesulfonate, and sec-dodecyl p-toluenesulfonate induced cross-reactions. The findings suggested that the sensitizing potential of the sultones was closely related with the hydrolytic mechanism of C-O bond in the sultone ring. A hypothesis on the molecular mechanism of conjugation of the sultones to proteins and thereby on sensitization is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1405K) -
Article type: Bibliography
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 662-665
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 666-
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages 667-670
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1978 Volume 27 Issue 7 Pages Cover29-
Published: July 30, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (191K)
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