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Volume 36, Issue 11
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages Cover7-
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Article type: Cover
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages Cover8-
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Roy Patterson, Paul GreenbergerArticle type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 967-969
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Masahiko Kato, Hiroyuki Mochizuki, Makoto Shigeta, Akihiro Morikawa, T ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 970-975
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe followed the changes in bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children with bronchial asthma and children without respiratory disease by methacholine inhalation test with Astograph and a tcPO_2 monitoring system. These results were obtained. 1) Dmin (bronchial sensitivity) was decreased in asthmatic children under 7-8 years. On the other hand it was increased in those over 10 years. 2) Eight siblings of 14 asthmatic children, who showed no bronchial hyperresponsiveness on the initial test, developed typical asthma. Their Dmin was markedly decreased on the second test performed within a year of the elicitation of asthmatic attack in comparison with that of the initial test. These results suggested that acquired factors might be involved in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children.View full abstractDownload PDF (639K) -
Toshitaka Ono, Toshihiko Obata, Yasuhei Odazima, Akira Akazawa, Tomomi ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 976-983
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAir cleaners have recently been reported to be beneficial in the control of asthmatic symptoms in children with bronchial asthma. Therefore we attempted to determine the effect of a new type air cleaner (EH 351W National Japan) on 12 patients (3 moderate, 9 severe), who responded poorly to general medical treatment and enviromental conditioning. All studies were performed in the patients' bedrooms. Counts of house dust generated by bed making, obtained by particle counter (KC-01 RION Co.Ltd) showed that the decreasing rate was higher when the air cleaner was used, but that the increasing rate remained unchanged. The amount of fungus greatly decreased when the air cleaner was used. Clinical symptoms such as dyspunea, wheezing, coughing, daily life disturbance and sleep disturbance significantly (p<0.05-p<0.01) improved, but very little improvement was observed in the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). According to the general impressions of each patient and their families on their symptoms and the efficacy of the machine, 3 patients were considered to have"excellent change", 3"good", 3"fair"and 3 were"unchanged". No one showed"worsening"of their conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
Akihiro Nomura, Yoshiyuki Uchida, Masahito Otsuka, Motonobu Hamada, Yu ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 984-990
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bronchocontractile activities of mammalian tachykinins, neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B, and substance P, were examined with tracheal and lung parenchymal preparations of male Hartley-strain guinea pigs, and were compared with those of histamine, leukotriene D_4 and prostaglandin D_2. In the tracheal preparation, NKA showed the highest contractile activity of all the mediators, and was found to act directly on smooth muscle, while tachykinins showed little contractile activity in the parenchymal preparation. It is suggested that NKA is a more potent bronchoconstrictor, especially on a central airway, than any other bronchoconstrictor, and its action has a direct effect on smooth muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (833K) -
Hidemasa Kuwabara, Kazuhiro Goto, Koichi Minato, Toshikazu Nemoto, Set ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 991-998
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe penetration and retention of horse radish peroxidase (HRP) in the bronchial epithelium were examined ultracytochemically after transtracheal instillation in 18 normal guinea pigs. The animals were sacrificed at intervals of 15 min, 4 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours and 72 hours after HRP transtracheal instillation. Ultracytochemistry was performed according to the modified Graham-Karnovsky's methods using endogenous peroxidase inhibitor, 3-amino, 1, 2, 4-triazole. Luminal HRP was allowed to pass locally through the bronchial epithelium into the lamina propria. 15 min after HRP instillation, frequent pinocytotic vesicular uptake of HRP into the goblet cells and the ciliated cells, infrequent diffuse cytoplasmic uptake of HRP into the ciliated cells and seldom diffuse penetration of HRP in the intercellular space were observed. It was not possible to detect the openings of the tight junctions, although these junctions were partially similar to those termed as"leaky"by Claude and Goodenough. 60 hours after instillation, HRP was scarcely recognized in the bronchial epithelium. However, although it was very rarely seen, HRP was still recognized in the epithelial cells 72 hours after HRP instillation. Using our data, we discssed the four pathways of HRP transit across the bronchial epithelial cells, i.e., through the"leaky"junction, vesicular uptake into the goblet cells, diffuse cytoplasmic uptake of the ciliated cells and vesicular uptake of the ciliated cells. Furthermore, bronchial hyperresponsiveness after asthmatic attacks was also discussed in relation to the results which showed traceable amounts of intraepithelial HRP being retained 72 hours after instillation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2780K) -
Oichi Kawanami, Mikako Aoki, Hiroaki Miyake, Yasushi MukawaArticle type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 999-1005
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to evaluate topographical distribution of antigen-presenting Langerhans lineage cells (LC), Avidin-Biotin Complex immunoperoxidase (anti-S100 protein antibody) and ultrastructural studies were done in the biopsy lung tissues obtained from 4 patients (2 males and 2 females, average age 13) with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. These patients had episodes of mild fever, shortness of breath and weight loss in early summer. Their chest roentgenographs showed diffuse interstitial shadows characterized by mixed-type disturbance in lung function. Bronchoalveolar lavage cells were lymphocyte dominant, and Leu 2a exceeded Leu 3a by 3.8 to 5.2. Histological changes of their lung tissues were compatible with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. S-100^+ dendritic cells were numerously present in the peripheral lung tissues although they were absent in control lungs. The general ultrastructure of these dendritic cells appeared to be identical with antigen-presenting Langerhans' cells, but none of the above cells examined in this study contained typical Langerhans' granules in their cytoplasm. They were thus classified as indeterminate cells, or precursors of Langerhans' cells, and it was suggested that they play an important role in presenting antigen-stimuli to lymphocytes in the hypersensitivity reaction of Trichosporon cutaneum in two of the four patients and of undertermined organic dusts in the remaining two patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1612K) -
Kenzo Takagi, Takako Watanabe, Tatsuo Satake, Takaaki Hasegawa, Yozo O ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1006-1011
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bioavailability of a newly designed sustained-release theophylline tablet formulation (NIK-168TX) was investigated in five healthy volunteers after a single oral dose in a cross over study. Another sustained-release theophylline tablet (Theo-Dur) and an immediate-release tablet formulation (Neophylline), both widely used clinically, were used for comparison. We tested the dissolution of the new formulation by the rotating basket method according to the USP XX. The in vitro dissolution rates showed prolonged release of theophylline, with a tendency to increase in the presence of 0.1% polysorbate 80. The mean values of maximum plasma concentration (C_<max>), the peak time (T_<max>) and mean residence time (MRT) were significantly different between the sustained-release formulations and Neophylline, although no significant difference between the new formulation and Theo-Dur was found. On the other hand, these formulations showed no statistically significant difference in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC_<0→∞>). The new formulation had good sustained-release characteristics with adequate bioavailability like that of Theo-Dur, which has complete absorption. The new formulation probably has a more sustained action than Theo-Dur.View full abstractDownload PDF (693K) -
Hitoshi Asamoto, Megumi Kokura, Akira Kawakami, Tetsuo Sawano, Yoshiyu ...Article type: Article
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1012-1017
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTheophylline clearance varies widely among individuals and is affected by various factors. Cimetidine is known to inhibit hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme, reducing the theophylline clearance and elevating the plasma theophylline concentration to a toxic level. In this paper, famotidine, which was developed in Japan as a histamine H2 receptor antagonist of the same class as Cimetidine, was studied for its effect on theophylline clearance in humans. Ten asthma and COPD patients received either short or continuous aminophylline infusion and six other patients were given Theo-Dur, an oral sustained-release preparation. All of the patients received the oral famotidine preparation during combination therapy. In the infusion group, the theophylline clearance was 2.740±0.810 during treatment with theophylline alone and 2.763±0.613 during combination therapy. Analysis by the t-test showed no significant difference between the two therapies. In the oral group. The theophylline clearance was 1.886±0.407 during theophylline administration and 1.856±0.416 during combination therapy. The difference between the two therapies was not significant, either. Based on the above, it was concluded that oral famotidine does not influence the theophylline clearance. It seems likely that famotidine does not inhibit the activity of cytochrome P-450 in the liver due to lacking of imidasole ring structure being replaced by thiazole ring in famotidine.View full abstractDownload PDF (642K) -
Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1019-1027
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1028-
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1029-1031
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1032-
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages 1033-1036
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (314K) -
Article type: Cover
1987 Volume 36 Issue 11 Pages Cover9-
Published: November 30, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (509K)
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