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Volume 42, Issue 2
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages Cover13-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages Cover14-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages App2-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages App3-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages App4-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Nobuhisa Terada, Akiyoshi Konno, Tetsuji Yamashita, Setsuya Fukuda, Fu ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 87-93
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been reported to be instrumental in airway eosinophilis and airway hyperreactivity. In nasal mucosa, ICAM-1 molecule is observed on the endothelium, around the nasal gland and just below the epithelium. In this study, we investigated the gene expression of ICAM-1 in nasal mucosa and the serum level of soluble ICAM-1. In subjects with nasal allergy sensitized with house dust, a pair of house dust antigen discs were placed on the inferior nasal mucosa on one side, while control discs free of antigen were placed on the other side. After six hours, the inferior nasal mucosa were bilaterally obtained separately. By Southern blot analysis following a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, we detected ICAM-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nasal mucosa. Although the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA was already observed in the nasal mucosa without antigen challenge, it increased six hours after the challenge. The serum level of immunoreactive soluble ICAM-1 in the subjects with nasal allergy and normal subjects was evaluated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum level of solubleICAM-1 in the subjects with nasal allergy was 380.7±105.2 ng/ml. It was significantly higher than that of the normal control, which was 278.6±64.6 ng/ml. These results suggested that the increased expressiorl of ICAM-1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of nasal allergy by facilitating the infiltration of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and their functional activities.View full abstractDownload PDF (877K) -
Masaki Ohnishi, Kazuhiko Yokoshima, Suihou Xiao, Kimihiro Okubo, Masak ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 94-100
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn increased number of histochemically distinct mast cells and eosinophilis can be observed in the tumor mass of nasal inverted papilloma. In order to elucidate the mechanism of this accumulation of mast cells and eosinophils in a local site, we examined the activity of conditioned nledium (CM) in inducing differentiation and proliferation of basophilic cells and eosinophils from hematopoietic progenitors of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patients with allergic diseases. CM was obtained by the culture of nasal inverted papilloma cells (NIPC) and its activity was measured by determining colony proliferation in methylcellulose assay for 14 days. In the 14 day methylcellulose assay, the number of Eo-type colonies in the presence of 1, 5, 10 and 20% CM was significantly higher than the baseline number of Eo-type colonies (0%). Cytochemical analysis confirmed that the number of colonies of cells with metachromatic granules and histamine positive colonies in Eo-type colonies in the presence of 5, 10 and 20% NIPC-CM was significantly higher than that in the control. The number of ECP positive colonies in Eo-type colonies in the presence of 5% and 10% CM was also significantly higher than in the presence of 0.5% CM. Furthermore both histamine and ECP positive colonies were observed in Eo-type colonies. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that basophilic cells and eosinophils accumulate at nasal inverted papilloma sites at least in part by the recruitment of progneitors from the circulation and subsequent differentiation in situ in response to cytokines. Eosinophils and basophilic cells also commonly originate from committed granulocyte progenitors.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
Susumu NakamuraArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 101-106
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn investigations into Japanese cedar pollinosis, research on atmospheric pollen counts has been made in various parts of our country and progress in studies on the dominant causes has been made from the antigenic point of view. However, research into pollinosis of this kind from the physical point of view has been scant. The author has investigated the frequency of cases with Japanese Cedar pollinosis every year since 1988 on the occasion of the periodical health examination of freshmen at our university. In this report are stated the results of the investigation into the frequency of sufferers of this kind among the 624 fourth grade students who were the subjects of investigation in 1988. The percentage of specific antibody carriers was found to have increased from 28.2% (1988) to 40.2% (1991), and the frequency of Japanese cedar pollinosis sufferers had also increased from 14.1% to 23.1%. In addition to this, 41 (43.6%) of the 94 students considered to be in danger of becoming sensitized to Japanese cedar pollen in 1988 had become pollinosis sufferers by 1991. This is significantly higher than the changes among the students considered to be in the borderline or symptom-free groups. From these results, it can be considered correct to regard subjects who are considered to be in danger of becoming sensitized as "reservists" to pollinosis. Follow up studies of and preventive treatment for these cases are necessary, because they are very likely to become pollinosis sufferers in the future.View full abstractDownload PDF (757K) -
Miwa Misawa, Yoshitaka SugiyamaArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 107-114
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe attempted to obtain a new airway hyperresponsiveness model using DNP-Ascaris extract (DNP-Asc)-induced rat allergic asthma. Male Wistar rats were actively sensitized with DNP-Asc, and challenged in a non-anesthetized state by inhalation of the antigen for 10 min in a chamber. One, 6 and 24 hr after DNP-Asc challenge, the responsiveness of the airway smooth muscles to inhaled acetylcholine (ACh) was determined using a modified Konzett-Rossler method under anesthesia. Twenty four hr after the challenge, a significant and marked airway hyperresponsiveness was seen. The increase in airway responsiveness was significantly inhibited by pretreatments with a leukotriene antagonist, ONO-1078, and a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, ozagrel, and tended to be inhibited by a PAF antagonist, CV-3988. The hyperresponsiveness induced by DNP-Asc challenge was accompained by airway inflammation determined by dye exudation. From the above results, it is indicated that a model of airway hyperresponsiveness was established in rats with allergic asthma, and that the chemical mediators involved in the response might be leukotrienes, thromboxane A_2 and PAF.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K) -
Yasuo Horiuchi, Mieko Shiokawa, Kazuyuki UenoArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 115-122
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between changes in urinary metabolities and theophylline clearance were studied in 40 asthmatic children for each steady state phase. Urinary excretion of 1MU, DMU, 3MX increased with age. There were direct correlations between urinary metabolites, while urinary unchanged theophylline decreased and there was an inverse correlation between urinary metabolites. There was a significant correlation between the excretion of unchanged theophylline and 3MX (r=0.597, p<0.0001). The values of renal clearance and hepatic clearance also decreased with age. The changes in hepatic clearance were greater than those of renal clearance and showed a low correlation with unchanged theophylline (r=0.247, p<0.002), while the changes in renal clearance were high correlation with those of unchanged theophylline in urine.These changes were significant (r=0.833, P<0.0.0001). The changes in theophylline metabolites and its clearance are clinically important because the effective therapeutic range is narrow. Therefore, we concluded that it would be useful to determine the appropriate administration schedule of theophylline considering changes in renal clearance and urinary unchanged theophylline in different age groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Yoshiro Tanizaki, Hikaru Kitani, Morihiro Okazaki, Takashi Mifune, Fum ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 123-130
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAsthma was classified into three types according to clinical symptoms (clinical diagnosis, C.D.): Ia. simple bronchoconstriction type (further divided into two subtypes, type I_<a-1> with 0-49 ml/day of expectoration and type 1_<a-2> with 50-99 ml/day) ; Ib. bronchoconstriction +hypersecretion type, and II. bronchiolar obstruction type. Asthma was also classified by a score related to clinical findings and examinations (score diagnosis, S.D.). The clinical features of each type of asthma according to the two classification methods were compared. Type 1_<a-2> and 1b patients (C.D.) were characterized by mucus hypersecretion (more than 50 ml/day) and eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The characteristic findings for type II asthmatics (C.D.) were a lower %V_<25> value (less than 10%) and an increased proportion of neutrophils (more than 20%) in the BAL fluid. All of the patients classified as types 1_<a-1'>, Ib, and II by clinical diagnosis were evaluated as having the same types of asthma by score diagnosis. Patients with type I_<a-2> evaluated by clinical diagnosis were classified as type Ib by score diagnosis, since these two types had similar pathophysiological features represented by the increased proportion of eosinophils in the BAL fluid.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
Hiroshi Kanazawa, Naotsugu Kurihara, Kazuto Hirata, Kazuhiko Terakawa, ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 131-135
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, it was presented that PAF and LTB_4 exert a priming effect on PMNs to promote their superoxide anion production. PMNs preincubated with PAF of normal controls or PMNs from asthmatic patients are activated and their responsiveness to inhibitory stimuli such as antiallergic drugs and corticosteroid are attenuated. In conclusions, inflammatory cells of asthmatics may be activated by various mediators and play an important role in the progre ss of airway damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (514K) -
Takashi Yamada, Hironori Nakamura, Kazuhiro Sasamoto, Megumi Yamada, T ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 136-141
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHen's egg white lysozyme (HEL) is one of the minor allergen in hen's egg white. HEL is commonly used to treat disease of respiratory tract, because it have the effect to dissolve mucopolysaccharide and anti-inflammatory action. We examined specific IgE antibody titers (IgE-HEL) in patients with egg allergy and allergic patients to other antigen than egg. Results indicated that 16.37±29.56 (PRU/ml) (mean±SD) of IgE-HEL was found in 30 out of the 39 allergic patients to egg, and 23 (66.7%) out of the 39 patients studied showed RAST scores of more than 2. On the other hand, 1.08±0.92 (PRU/ml) of IgE-HEL in 12 out of the 44 allergic patients to other antigen than egg, and 5 (11.4%) out of the 44 patients studied showed RAST scores of more than 2. Moreover, we treated a patient who developed analyaxis after taking HEL. 1.0 (PRU/ml) of HEL-IgE was found in this patient. These results suggest that we should be careful in treating allergic patients with HEL.View full abstractDownload PDF (584K) -
Yasuto Kondo, Atsuo Urisu, Eiko Wada, Mitsutoshi Tsuruta, Takehiko Yas ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 142-148
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInhalation or ingestion of very small amounts of buckwheat allergen can initiate severe symptoms including wheezing, rhinorrea, urticaria, vomiting and anaphylactic shock in patients with hypersensitivity against buckwheat. However, few studies of the immunological properties of buckwheat allergen have been made. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze the allergen in buckwheat antigen using the immunoblotting method, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and RAST inhibition assay. Buckwheat 24 kilodalton protein (BW24KD) was shown by immunoblotting analysis to be the most frequently recogniztd allergenic component, binding to IgE antibodies from 100% of the patients' sera. There was a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between % bindings for BW24KD and buckwheat. In the RAST inhibition assay using patients' sera which showed positive IgE antibodies to buckwheat and BW24KD, there was effective inhibition in a dose-dependent manner between inhibition in a dose-dependent manner between BW24KD and buckwheat. These data indicated that BW24KD was a major allergen in buckwheat antigens. The experiments of SDS-PAGE using digestion buffer with or without 2-mercaptoethanol suggested that BW24KD was a component of heterodimer and the paired components had different molecular weights.View full abstractDownload PDF (945K) -
Tsutomu Kimura, Nobuhiro Ishikawa, Kenkichi ShinkaiArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 149-157
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present studies were undertaken to clarify the difference of the immunogenicity evoked in rabbits immunized with a low-molecular chemical antigen (TNBS) alone, by four administration routes. Rabbits were divided into four experimental groups: TNBS sc group, iv group, im group and ip group (3 times/week, 10 times in total), and immune responses to TNBS were estimated by the assay systems of humoral immunoreactions (HA・PCA・Arthus) and cellular immunoreaction (DTH). The highest evoking of the immunogenicity to TNBS was noted in the sc group in the case of humoral immune response, whereas the lowest evoking in the iv group. The intermediate degree of the immunogenicity was elicited in the im and ip groups. On the other hand, only the sc group displayed positive cellular immune response (DTH), while such immune response was never recognized in the iv, im and ip groups. These results were indicated that the immunogenicity to the low-molecular antigen (TNBS) was evoked exceedingly in rabbits by sc sensitization route from view of humoral and cellular immune responses.View full abstractDownload PDF (929K) -
Makoto Nagata, Masanori Shibasaki, Yoshio Sakamoto, Keiichiro Yamamoto ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 158-161
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the influence of rush immunotherapy (RI) on the production of interleukin (IL)-5 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in asthmatics sensitive to Dermatophagoides farinae (Df). The levels of IL-5 produced varied among the subjects, and these levels were not affected by the addition of Df regardless of RI. When IL5 levels were individually compared before and after RI, some cases demonstrated an apparent decrease in production at 16 weeks after RI. It is considered that further study will be needed to confirm whether or not immunotherapy can truly suppress the production of IL-5.View full abstractDownload PDF (399K) -
Shinji Motojima, Hidetsugu Ogata, Kinji Tateishi, Atsushi Kushima, Tak ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 162-166
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the activation of T-lymphocytes in the airways of patients with asthma, we attempted to measure the concentration of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in sputum extracts from asthma patients with acute attacks or in remission. The large amount of alkaline phosphatase in the sputum extracts excluded the use of an ELISA kit. Measurement was attempted by radiolabeling the second antibody in the ELISA kit. sIL-2R was detectable in 10/23 (43%) of the sputum extracts from patients with acute asthma attacks, but not in those from patients in remission (n=12, p<0.02). These observations suggest that T-lymphocyte activation takes place in the airways of patients with acute asthma attacks.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
Kazuharu Tsukioka, Masaharu Matsuzaki, Masami Nakamata, Hiroshi Kayaha ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 167-171
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the relationship between the blood levels of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and the activity of serum PAF acetylhydrolase (PAFAH), an enzyme that inactivates PAF, in adult patients with bronchial asthma. The PAF levels in the blood and the PAFAH activity in the serum obtained from adult patients with bronchial asthma in remission (137 cases) and from healthy adult controls (106 cases) were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and compared. The following results were obtained. 1. The plasma levels of PAF were significantly higher in the patients with bronchial asthma in all severity groups (mild, moderate, and severe) and all asthma types (atopic, mixed, and infectious) than in the healthy controls (p<0.001). However, no significant differences associated with the severity and type of asthma were noted. 2. Serum PAFAH activity was significantly lower in the patients with bronchial asthma in all severity groups (mild, moderate, and severe) and asthma types (atopic, mixed, and infectious) than in the healthy controls (p<0.001). However, no significant differences associated with the severity and type of asthma were noted. 3. PAF/PAFAH in the patients with bronchial asthma showed no significant difference associated with the severity and type of asthma. 4. There was not a significant correlation between plasma levels of PAF and serum PAFAH activity in the patients with bronchial asthma. It was, therefore, suggested that the significantly high plasma PAF levels and the significantly low serum PAFAH activity in asthmatic adults compared to the respective values in healthy controls may explain one of the mechanisms of the development and persistency of adult bronchial asthma.View full abstractDownload PDF (475K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 172-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 173-175
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages Cover15-
Published: February 28, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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