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Volume 43, Issue 1
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Minako Takatori, Takao Shida, Kazuo Akiyama, Kosuke TakatoriArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAirborne fungi have been surveyed every week during the 10 years from 1983 to 1992 in Sagamihara. This is a follow up of a 1970 and a 1980 survey at the same sampling station (19.5 m above the ground), using the same gravity potato dextrose agar plate. There were two peak seasons during tsuyu (rainy season;June) and autumn (September to October). The most predominant fungi found, except for yeasts and non-sporulated fungi, were Cladosporium (2 seasons) and Alternaria (more frequently in tsuyu). These were followed by Epicoccum (tsuyu), Aureobasidium, Curvularia (summer), Ulocladium (autumn), Penicillium, Arthrinium, Nigrospora (summer), Fusarium, Trichoderma, Pestalotia in decreasing order of their total frequency throughout the 10 years. The most common fungi found during the most years were different from those found during 1970, particularly in the frequency of Aspergillus and Penicillium, but similar to those during 1980 in Sagamihara as well as in most areas of Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (751K) -
Kazuo Akiyama, Yuuji Maeda, Kazuaki Tabe, Fujito Kaneko, Tetsuo Hayaka ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 9-15
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAllergic characteristics were investigated in asthma patients older than 60 years of age. Among these asthmatic patients: 1. About 37% showed negative immediate skin response to all antigen extracts tested. 2. The frequency of positive immediate skin response to house dust, house dust mite, Japanese cedar and Alternaria decreased with aging. 3. There was no difference in the frequency of positive immediate skin response to Candida antigen among patients in different age groups. Candida was the antigen that most frequently produced positive immediate skin response among the patients over 50 years old. 4. There was no difference between skin-positive elderly asthmatics and young asthmatics in the frequency of positive IgE antibody titer, bronchial response, conjunctival response and histamine release from peripheral leukocytes by specific antigens. These findings show that atopic asthmatics are less frequently found in elderly asthmatic patients than in young patients. Nevertheless, there is no difference in the characterisics of atopy, except in the response to Candida antigen.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
Kotaro Ukai, Ryo Amesara, Sawako Masauda, Setsuo Nakamoto, Chikahisa O ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 16-21
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated the clinical and pathophysiological efficacy of hyposensitization with house dust extracts to perennial nasal allergy. Fifty-one patients with allergic perennial rhinitis completed 5 months to 15 years with a mean of 2.4 years course of hyposensitization treatment with house dust extracts, and analyzed clinical symptoms, nasal provocation testing, nasal hypersensitivity to histamine, mast cells and eosinophils in nasal scraping, specific IgG and IgG4 antibody in serum, and blood eosinophils and basophils in relation to therapeutic duration. The improvement in nasal symptoms was found in 74.1% in adults and 66.7% in child and the continuation of hyposensitization with house dust extracts for a half to one year showed significant improvement of clinical symptoms. In objective examination, nasal provocation testing, nasal hypersensitivity to histamine, the number of mast cells and eosinophils in nasal scraping, and blood basophils showed significant improvement at 6 to 12 months the same as clinical symptoms. These findings suggest that the continuation of hyposensitization with house dust extracts is recommendable as a basic treatment against perennial nasal allergy.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K) -
Tatsuro Koshibu, Toshikazu Tsubaki, Ikumi Iwasaki, Akira Akasawa, Hiro ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 22-27
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the best clinical stage for food provocation tests, twenty allergic patients who had early allergic reactions induced by any kind of food were tested. The patients were classified into two groups. Group I; open-food challenge tests were performed on eleven patients within 48 hours of admission. Group II; the tests were performed on nine patients seven or more days after admission. In these food provocation tests, there were nine positive results in Group II (p<0.05). The percentage of eosinophils in the blood was higher in cases of positive provocation than in cases of negative provocation (p<0.05). Moreover the percentage of eosinophils decreased after admission day by day in the provocation-negative patients of Group II, but there was no change in the provocation-positive patients. These results suggest that individual sensitivity to food decreased after admission. Therefore, in order to assess the actual sensitivity of allergic children it is necessary that food provocation tests be performed within two days of admission or before admission.View full abstractDownload PDF (545K) -
Mayumi Sasagawa, Takahisa Satoh, Atsunori Takemoto, Takashi Hasegawa, ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 28-36
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo assess the contribution of the leukotrienes, LTC_4, D_4, E_4 and B_4 during bronchial asthma attacks, simultaneous determination was made of their levels in venous blood. 25 patients with bronchial asthma (15 atopic types, 10 non-atopic types) participated in this study and 4 normal controls were used. Samples were obtained using heparinized syringe from the patients before treatment. A radioimmunoassay was conducted to measure LTs after purification with a Sep-pak column and separation by HPLC. In normal subjects, the levels were less than the minimal detectable amounts. LTC_4, D_4, E_4 and B_4 during asthmatic attacks were 100±179, 88±116, 479±291, and 55±73 (Mean±SD) pg/ml respectively (n=27). Peptide LTs in remission were below minimal detectable levels. LTD_4 in patients with moderate attacks was significantly (p<0.05) higher than in those with mild attacks. Peptide LTs in moderate attack exceeded those in mild attacks, although not to a statistically significant degree. No significant differences in LT during attacks could be detected in atopic or non-atopic type patients. LTs would thus appear importantly involved in asthmatic attacks in atopic and non-atopic type patients, although other chemical mediators may give rise to airway inflammation.View full abstractDownload PDF (794K) -
Keiko Sakai, Harumi Okuyama, Hiroyuki Shimazaki, Masahiro Katagiri, Sh ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe proportions of linoleic acid in total plasma lipids and phospholipids were significantly greater and those of oleic acid were lower in pre-puberal and puberal atopic patients as compared with age-matched healthy controls. The n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio of the triacylglycerol fraction was also lower in atopic patients. However, no significant decreases in the proportions of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid were observed in plasma lipids of atopic patients, suggesting that Δ6-desaturase activity is not impaired in atopic patients. We provide an explanation for the beneficial effects of raising the n-3/n-6 ratio of dietary oils in the context of suppressing allergic hyper-reactivity in humans.View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
Kayo Nemoto, Tadao OkamuraArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 44-54
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTracheal muscle strips isolated from guinea pigs passively sensitized with anti-egg albumin rabbit IgG were loaded with ^<86>Rb as a K^+ marker. The ^<86>Rb efflux from the muscle tissue was measured after antigen exposure and the K^+-channel subtypes involved in anaphylactic contraction were identified. The net ^<86>Rb efflux was increased during antigen challenge. This increase was inhibited in Ca^<2+>-free medium or in the medium of 40 mM of KCl, but not by 10 μM of glibenclamide or 20 mM of KCl. Decreased membrane potential and generation of action potentials were also observed during the anaphylactic contraction. As a comparison for antigen-induced ^<86>Rb efflux changes, experiments using high concentrations of KCl were also performed. ^<86>Rb efflux was increased depending on the KCl concentration. This increase was inhibited in Ca^<2+> -free medium but not by 10 μM of glibenclamide. These results suggest that the K^+-channel opening during IgG-mediated anaphylactic contraction was dependent on a decreased membrane potential due to 20-40 mM KCl. The subtype of the K^+-channel involved is voltage-dependent K^+-channel (K_v-channel), and Ca^<2+> -activated K^+-channel (K_<ca>-channel) may also be involved in the ^<86>Rb efflux change. The ATP-sensitive K^+-channel (K_<ATP>-channel) was not involved in K^+-channel opening during anaphylactic contraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
Norimasa Fukuda, Shigemi Yoshihara, Tohju Ichimura, Noboru YanaiharaArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 55-61
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChromogranin A like immunoreactivity (CGA-IR) was measured by a specific radioimmunoassay using N-terminal specific antiserum R-0763 in respiratory tissues of guinea pigs. All guinea pig were actively immunized by recurrent Ovalbumin (OA)-inhalation and divided into two groups; one was challenged by OA, and the other inhaled saline as a control. These groups were studied for respiratory resistance and sacrified for measurement of CGA-IR concentrations in the trachea, major bronchus and lower lung. In the control group, CGA-IR level was 0.4-2 pmol/g wet weight of tissue, and its distribution order was lower lung > trachea > major bronchus. In the OA-challenged group, provocation clearly induced significant elevation of CGA-IR in the trachea and main bronchus coinciding with elevation of respiratory resistance. In the lower lung, on the other hand, the increase in CGA-IR was not significant. These results suggest that experimental immediate asthmatic response (IAR) possibly acts as a stressor to the sympathetic nervous systems in guinea pig air-ways.View full abstractDownload PDF (738K) -
Etsuko Tagaya, Jun Tamaoki, Kiyoshi Takeyama, Kazuo Isono, [in Japanes ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 62-67
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStimulation of Ca^<2+>-activated K^+ channel and Na^+-K^+-ATPase may play an important role in the relaxant responses of airway smooth muscle to certain bronchodilators. To elucidate whether cholinergic neuroeffector transmission can be modulated by Ca^<2+>-activated K^+ channel and Na^+-K^+-ATPase, we studied canine airway smooth muscle under isometric conditions in vitro. Addition of charybdotoxin (ChTx, 10^<-7> M) did not alter the contractile responses to acetylcholine (ACh) but augmented electrical field stimulation (FES)-induced contractions at 1-10 Hz (p<0.01), whereas apamin and gilbenclamide were without effect. This effect was dose-dependent, with the maximal increase being 36.8±5.3% (p<0.001). Ouabain at a concentration insufficient to alter the resting tension (10^<-7> M) increased contractions induced by both EFS and ACh. The magnitude of the increase in contractile responses to EFS was similar to those to ACh at ouabain concentration of up to 3×10^<-7> M, but the former was significantly greater at 10^<-6> M ouabain (p<0.05). These results suggest that each Ca^<2+>-activated K^+ channel and Na^+-K^+-ATPase may a modulatory role in the cholinergic neurotransmisson by inhibiting the exocytotic ACh release from the vagal nerve terminals.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
Fumihiko Imai, Teruhiko Suzuki, Toshiko Ishibashi, Shuji Ohno, Masahik ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 68-70
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSteroid therapy has been used in patients with Sjogren's syndrome and hyperviscosity syndrome due to hypergammaglobulinemia. We report here the use of sulfasalazine therapy on patients with Sjogren's syndrome and serum immunoglobulin G levels of more than 3000 mg/dl. Sulfasalazine was used because of its inhibitory effect on B cells. Serum levels of immunoglobulin G and A were decreased after 8 weeks' administration of 1000 mg/day sulfasalazine. However four of the eleven patients experienced a side effect (skin rash). Sulfasalazine therapy could be used continuously and appeared to be an effective therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (311K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 71-80
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 81-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 82-85
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: January 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (92K)
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