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A Consideration from the Distribution of the Results of Computer Simulations of Their Surface Drainage
Sho SUZUKI, Masao MAKIYAMA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
147-153
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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The authors created multiple computer-based models of paddy fields with surface undulations that do not deviate from reality, and conducted simulations of their surface drainage. The results are summarized as follows: i) there are certainly paddy fields which demonstrate remarkably poor surface drainage, ii) main cause of the remarkably poor surface drainage in those paddy fields is the fact that protruding parts (hardly appearing in the leveling accuracy) which block the water flow exist within the narrow area in the vicinity of each outlet, iii) merely constructing just one open ditch along the drain in such a paddy field is enough realize a significant drainage improvement.
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Case of Kori town in Fukushima Prefecture
Kazuma KAMEOKA, Satoshi MIYAKE
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
154-160
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In this study, temporary storage site selection processes are focused as a case of Kori town in Fukushima Prefecture. Factors to facilitate site selection was cleared for three points. Before site selection, public office should explain to residents who live in surrounding area of facilities about the temporary storage. When they negotiate with landowners, it is important that they have good relationship each other. The presence of a community leader is required, because they were in front of special environment to be solved as soon as possible.
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The Case study of Hanagama District, Yamamoto, Miyagi
Hideharu KURITA, Kazuaki TSUCHIYA, Yoshihiro KIKUCHI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
161-166
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study focuses on land use in the tsunami inundation area caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake, particularly land use history in the tsunami-affected area. Hanagama District, Yamamoto City, Miyagi prefecture, was selected as the study area. Land use were examined using aerial photographs taken in 1975, 2010 and 2013. Relationships between land use change and the disaster hazard areas, natural land conditions were analyzed with GIS. As a result of land use analysis, in 1975, land use base on natural land conditions (Residences, Dry fields and Forests- Beach ridge, Paddy fields- Back swamp) were consisted. These land uses were greatly changed by urbanization and tsunami damage.
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Relative Analysis of Fishery Situation before and after the Earthquake and "Commutation Fishing" in Iwate and Miyagi Prefecture
Kosuke OHGAKI, Naoko SAIO
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
167-173
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In Fishery Villages of the Tsunami-affected Area of the Great East Japan Earthquake, separation between residential and working place has been proceeding. We relatively analised actual situation of fishery villeges before and after the earthquake and separation between residential and working place in Iwate and Miyagi prefecture. The results of the analysis is status of fishery villages before the earthquake is largely responsible for continuation of fishery after the earthquake. In some fishery villages, many fishermen had to quit because of large separation between residential and working place.
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Case Study of A Settlement, Natori-city, Migagi Prefecture
Mototsugu OCHIAI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
174-179
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to overview agriculture reconstruction process from the time before disaster up to the present, and clarify the factors which affect farmers' decision in that process. The factors which affected the establishment of production organization are 1) to recognize the necessity of production organization before the disaster, 2) to occur many farm retirements as the cause of the serious damage, and 3) to offer 'the leasing project' of the reconstruction grants, which set to target farmers' group. It affected the activity of production organization that the schedule of the construction work became tight due to the deadline of the reconstruction grants.
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The Case of Otomo and Hirota District, Rikuzentakata City, Iwate Pref.
Toshihiro HATTORI, Akemi SAITO
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
180-185
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study's purpose is to clear the process of reproduction of Tsunami struck farmland and factors to form farming organization by interview survey and participant observation in Otomo district and Hirota district in Rikuzentakata city. Farmers in both districts had organized to keep the farmland before the Tsunami disaster, because it was difficult to ensure full-time farmers. These organizations have done the reproduce farmland in each district after the Tsunami disaster. The reproductions of farmland have been carried out community farming organization in the both districts. But the form of community farming organizations was different because of the farm situation and habits in the district. Otomo district is one unit area. Hirota district is divided small. And the existence organization is effective as the capacity of the consensus building.
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A Case Study of Nichinan Town, Tottori Prefecture
Makoto NOHMI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
186-193
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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I analyzed the competitive and complementary relationship among destination places of each living activity in Nichinan Town, Tottori Prefecture by applying a logistic regression analysis. As a result, it has become clear that the relationship among destination places is complementary in many cases and it is important to support rural residents by enriching delivery services and demand-based traffic services. Furthermore, as members of the households, in which 80 or more years old residents are living, also visit at the central districts of the town, maintenance of the access conditions to the central districts for these residents is important.
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Yuka FUJII
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
194-200
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In this study, I investigated the intention of persons about the present conditions and subjects to shopping in awareness in Hamada city. It is necessary for the latter stage people aged 75 to investigate minutely. In the area where the indication of the production is narrower than a prefecture. Elements of the pleasure of the shopping include the quality of the product and a kind, the price of product, the manner of the salesclerk, the exhibition of the product. Residents' hope are prior order system and wants to buy toilet paper, detergent, tohu at using movement sale car. The present conditions that the driver does not use a bus, a taxi, a train. They feel a range of a 5-minute walk is near.
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Through a Case Study in a Mountainous Area
Satoshi TSUCHIYA, Keishi TANIMOTO, Hiromi KURAMOCHI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
201-206
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study aims at showing a methodology to measure the effect of the food delivery service, with a case study in Hino, Tottori prefecture. The purpose of the research is achieved by two steps. First, describing attractiveness of stores by an accessibility index, a store choice model was built in which the food delivery service is as one choice as normal stores. Secondly, using the estimated accessibility as an explanatory variable, a regression model was built to predict the number of times for shopping. The effect of the food delivery service can be evaluated by the difference of the predicted variables through with-without comparison.
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Abdur Rohman, Hisashi KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
207-212
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Measures for Maintenance and Inheritance of Akiyoshi-dai Grassland
Hisako Nomura, Jiayan Huang, Yoshifumi Takahashi, Mitsuyasu Yabe
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
213-218
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Akiyoshi-dai karst plateau is the largest limestone plateau in Japan. Its grassland which has been used as a meadow or cultivation land is a secondary nature and it has been providing ecological services such as functions of biodiversity conservation，the rural economy through tourism，education through nature leaning for next generations. This study examined non-public funded measures for the maintenance and estimated the value of Akiyoshi-dai grassland conservation using CVM. From the estimation results of 460 yen as WTP，we could secure enough funding for maintaining conservation activities. Also，when people have more knowledge about farmers still using the green manure from Akiyoshi-dai grassland; want to come back with other visiting purposes; are willing to volunteer conservation of plateau; and also have more knowledge that active conservation can avoid the grassland degradation，we can secure necessary budget sufficiently. Therefore，we shed light on securing sustainable funding in the paper and the local overnment can put efforts on such aspects of advocacy.
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A Case Study of Seiwa Village at Taki Town in Mie Prefecture
Kazuko ENDO
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
219-226
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study aims to evaluate the activities that rural residents repair terminal irrigation waterway and road around farmland. Evaluation was held compare before and after the repair about the difference of depreciation expense or the composite useful lives. As a result of the evaluation, when about seven years of composite useful lives could extend, it turned out that the depreciation expense per year is reduced after repair rather than repair before under the facilities conditions in case village. It was consider that residents' cooperation makes it possible and accumulation of the socialcapital such as the cooperative behavior was observed through the activities.
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Akiko HIGASHIGUCHI, Satoshi HOSHINO, Shizuka HASHIMOTO, Kenichirou ON ...
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
227-233
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study classifies residents' cognitions and identifies factors affecting collective countermeasures against agricultural damage by wildlife in rural communities. We conducted a questionnaire survey for data collection, targeting residents of Koka City, Shiga Prefecture. Our analyses clarified that (1) respondents were categorized into five groups according to their experience of and recognitions about collective countermeasure programs against wildlife and (2) statistically significant explanatory variables for the differentiation of these groups included the presence of agricultural damage by wildlife, ownership of paddy and dryfield, and ownership of farmland located in the vicinity of forests.
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Yuki NAKAMURA, Koji HARASHINA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
234-240
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Animal damage to agriculture, forestry, and human has been serious problem in rural areas in Japan. In Iwate Prefecture, apple wastes abandoned near mountain attract wildlife such as Japanese black bear to human settlements. To assess the feasibility of apple waste use as livestock feed in order to reduce a factor attracting wildlife to settlements, hearing investigations and questionnaire surveys were conducted to apple and pig farmers. The results showed it is feasible to use the apples as supplementary feed under certain conditions such as small-scale pig farm with a distance of less than about 15 km from apple farm.
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Yuko HONDA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
241-246
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This research aims to consider the Farmer's Awareness after 10 years of the first release of White Stork, in Toyooka, Hyogo, Japan. Farmers play very important role on supporting for the Re-introduction Project of White Stork, for example, the rice paddy area of “White Stork Friendly Farming Method”. So, it is important to examine Farmer's Awareness. In this research, questionnaire survey and comparative analysis of the past questionnaire surveys regarding differences between farmers and non-farmers were conducted. Farmers in Toyooka, show are positive for the re-introduction project as well as non-farmers. Although the interest of doing something for the project is on the decrease. Therefore, it is suggested that design for more farmer's participation should be expectated.
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Case Studies of A and B Sending Company
Satoshi GUNJI, Kenji HORIGUCHI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
247-252
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study is to show the actual function of Japanese technical intern trainees from abroad by the interview surveys with A & B sending companies in Cambodia and returnees from Japan back to Cambodia. With the help of these companies and Japanese supervising organizations, Japanese farms, especially in vegetable ones, have accepted many trainees from developing countries to enable large-scale farming. In the survey, the trainees mentioned they had brought enough money to present the new houses to their parents and had got their carrier for the new job in the Japanese-affiliated companies.
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A Case of the Community-Reactivating Cooperator Squad
Kohei SHIBAZAKI, Masaya NAKATSUKA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
253-258
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the life style of the youth who moved to the rural area from questionnaire survey for 152 Community-Reactivating Cooperator Squad(CRCS). According to this survey, their life style were clarified 4 types. The first type is that their purpose is to find employment and not interested in living in rural area permanently and being engaged in agriculture. The second type is that they are groping to work independently and not interested in living in rural area permanently and being engaged in agriculture. The third type is that they make a living by making a company and doing various work regards agriculture living in rural area permanently. The fourth type is that they are interested in living in various areas in addition to characteristic of third type.
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The Case Study of Minami-Aizu in Fukushima Prefecture
Sarina BAO, Toshihiro HATTORI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
259-265
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In this study, based on the survey of the "Nango tomato" newcomers, we clarified the role of the mediating farmers to secure of farmland for newcomers. As a result, the mediating farmers have taken care of the newcomers from many aspects, such as the teaching of agricultural technology to the securement in a farmland and so on. Therefore the choice of the training farmhouse is very important. And there are many examples that the securement in a farmland of the newcomers depends on the adjustment of the support farmer.
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A Comparative Study on Three Rural Communities in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Kako INOUE, Thi Nga NGUYEN, Tien Dung PHAM, Eiji YAMAJI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
266-273
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Case Study of the Valdera Union
Miki NAKANO, Eiji YAMAJI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
274-281
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Although the recent expansion of social farming activity in Italy, there is no census on this theme in national level. This paper aimed to illustrate real aspects of practitioners of social farming in Italy, through several fragments of statistics and a case study. In the case study, also examined the composition of the local network of the project and functions of every network member. The study indicates that the fundamental factors which make the system to work are strong will and sincere participation supported by common understandings reinforced constantly.
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Satoshi KOIKE
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
282-287
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study clarifies, with comprehensive points of view, how “civic farmers” are organized and make actions in their local community. The groups are not only farming lovers clubs but rather social entities. In promoting “civic agriculture” within Japanese rural context, they need to be positively acknowledged as an association of the village where their farmland is located. At the same time, it is necessary to encourage proper coordination among overall civic groups participating in the countryside development.
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About the Resident Consciousness's Difference by the Existence Condition of Egune
Yang WU, Satoshi MIYAKE
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
288-294
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the difference among the resident's consciousness to preserve the
Egune landscape based on
Egune's existence in Isawa district, Oshu City. Main findings include: 1) Because the most residents aren't aware of
Egune landscape's value, the conservation of
Egune landscape is seen as a personal problem more than area's problem. And also most residents disagree with the rules for preserving the
Egune landscape. 2) The
Egune is seen as a daily image more than landscape in residents having
Egune. So it is necessary to create the
Egune's value to let residents be aware of the importance of
Egune in daily life. 3) The residents having
Egune want to preserve the
Egune by themselves, but some grants are expected for certain period of time.
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A Case of Grain for Green Project Sites in Naiman, Inner Mongolia, China
Peng CAO, Kazuaki TSUCHIYA, Toshiya OKURO
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
295-300
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In drylands with fragile ecosystems, measures to combat desertification have often failed due to negative effects of unexpected trade-off between ecosystem services. Therefore, it is essential to understand perception and preference of ecosystem services by local people as well as to assess biophysical quantification or economic valuation, in order to choose the best option of combating desertification. In this study we conducted a semantic differential experiment to elucidate how local people perceive ecosystem services by using landscape photos in Naiman, Inner Mongolia, China. The results indicated the importance of attributes such as ethnic group in evaluating ecosystem services.
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Case Study in Minamiboso City in Chiba Prefecture
Yoshiaki OKABE, Kazuya AOKI, Motohiro KAMATA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
301-306
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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Today, MICHINOEKI has attracted attention as a base for regional activation and solution for regional problems. Against that background, the function of MICHINOEKI has diversified. This study focus on the residents' use of MICHINOEKI in Minamiboso City, Chiba Prefecture. The actual conditions of the residents' use of MICHINOEKI were revealed by a questionnaire survey to residents. Also revealed the cause for high residents' use from the point of view of the establishment process for the facility and its administrators. In conclusion, the scale of residents' use is affected by the contents selling function. Also factor of residents' use of MICHINOEKI is affected by the establishment process.
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Satoshi OSAWA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
307-313
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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The distribution and tree species composition of a high windbreak hedge was investigated in a Nasu settlement located in a mountainous area, Kanra town, Gunma prefecture. We identified 28 high hedges that had heights of more than 3 m, and there were a lot of west-facing hedges to a house. Although
Quercus myrsinifolia often dominated in the high hedges, fruit, flowering and wildflower trees grew at the study site. A characteristic of high hedge management is the bending of branches using a latticed bamboo set. These high hedges that form a specialized windbreak are important as a unique climatic and cultural landscape element.
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Towards Effective Information Dissemination According to Characteristics of Rural Landscape
Tatsuhiko INADA, Kenichirou ONITSUKA, Satoshi HOSHINO, Shizuka HASHIMO ...
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
314-320
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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To revitalize rural areas through enhancing interests in them, information originating from rural areas has been highly demanded. Rural landscape is considered one of the resources of agriculture and rural areas. It can be visually conveyed through new communication media like SNS, getting to be an important content. In this study, we focused on the difference of impressions of rural landscape according to view-angle and carried out comparative analysis using videos from eye height and two types of drone-shot videos. As a result, we found that there are significant differences in impressions between view-angles. Furthermore, it was observed impressions differ between features of landscape as well as disparity of attributes of respondents.
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Case Study on Hanamaki City, Iwate Prefecture
Makiko YAKUSHIGE, Junichi HIROTA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
321-326
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This study aims to clarify various features of management systems between communities and local governments before the Heisei mergers. We found that the features can be divided into 4 types by the level and style of their connections and each type has its merit and necessity for the region character. This might be a cause for communication gaps in municipalities after the merger.
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A Case of “Takuminosato” in Minakami Town, Gunma Prefecture
Rui ONIYAMA, Masahiro NAKAJIMA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
327-332
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In recent years, Green tourism (GT) has been facing difficulties in its sustainability. A reorganization of a management system of GT is one of the crucial issues. This study aims to reveal the characteristics of leading organizations of the management system by social network analysis. A survey was conducted in “Takuminosato” (a village of artisans) in Niiharu district, Gunma Prefecture. As a result, (1) nine organizations identified as leading subjects, (2) there were 207 connections in all organizations, and the connections were classified into four categories, (3) the characteristics of the leading nine organizations depended on the value of a betweenness centrality and a degree centrality. The results will contribute to formulating a plan of reorganization in “Takuminosato”.
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Miki YAMAMICHI, Yu SHIBATA
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
333-338
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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In recent years, many footpath projects, as part of the regional development, are spread throughout Japan. There are also cases where some footpath projects promote community development by local citizens. In this study, the characteristics of how local citizens participate in the action of the footpath projects through interview to three footpath groups in Kumamoto Prefecture were clarified. Furthermore, it performed the questionnaire survey about the relationship of the citizens to the footpath project in Misato town. As a result of this study, we can estimate citizens usual management of the area around the footpath course as spontaneous participation with the footpath projects, and it creates the chance for community development.
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A Case Study of Shirao-cho Community, Omihachiman City, Shiga Prefecture
Eiichiro NISHIZAWA, Motoyuki GODA, Takashi HAYASHI
Article type: Article
2016 Volume 35 Issue Special_Issue Pages
339-344
Published: November 20, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2017
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This paper examines conditions for sustainable rural development utilizing local resources. The study area is Shirao-cho community in Omihachiman City, where they grow brewers' rice on a small island in Lake Nishinoko. Based on the island, the residents engage a variety of activities such as the provision of farming experiences and holding of events. We classified these activities into five categories: maintenance of farmland and irrigation and drainage system, maintenance of the community, environmental conservation, active utilization of local resources, and public outreach. We contend that these activities consist of four layers and mutually connected activities of each layer should be addressed in a stepwise fashion for comprehensive development.
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