Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon

The Pleistocene Macaque from the Tokai District, Japan

Morphological Consideration Mainly from the Tooth-size

Mitsuo IWAMOTO, Fuyuji TAKAI

1972 Volume 80 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.80.1

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Morphological examinations were made on macaque fossils from two sites, Gansuiji, Hamakita, in Shizuoka Prefecture, and Usikawa, Toyohashi, in Aichi Prefecture. The fossil specimens are thought to belong to the late Pleistocene. Fragmental bones of the upper and lower jaws have characteristics not much different from those of the living Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata), except that they seem to be rather stout. Most of the fossil teeth, in their sizes, fall into the individual variation which the living Japanese monkey has, but some of them apparently have large sizes, especially as concerns breadth. Thus, the Pleistocen macaque concerned should, for the present, be treated as belonging not to the same species as the Japanese Monkey, but to a similar species, i.e. Macaca cf. fuscata.

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Aural Exostoses in the Human Skeletal Remains Excavated in Hokkido

YUKIO DODO

1972 Volume 80 Issue 1 Pages 11-22
Published: 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.80.11

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Frequencies of the aural exostoses were examined in the crania of the recent Ainu and the remains of pre-Ainu periods in Hokkaido as well as the modern Japanese in Kanto district.
Since slight excrescences or tumefactions, especially on the anterior wall, are too ambiguous to be objectively diagnosed, the minimum sizes for the diagnosis were defined on the anterior and the posterior walls respectively of the external auditory canal as shown in Fig. 1. Definition of such minimum criteria and exclusion of minute exostoses (traces) were justified by the high incidence in the crania with anterior trace exostoses of the foramen of HUSCHKE which was negatively correlated with the distinct exostosis. (See Fig. 5)
The results were given in Table 2, 3, Fig. 2 and 3, and the conclusions could be summarized as follows.
1) The sex difference in incidence was not significant in all groups examined. Especially in the Ainu and the pooled Jomon crania, the exostoses occurred in almost the same proportions to both sexes.
2) In both the Japanese and the Ainu, the frequencies of the aural exostoses were very low, and the difference between them was not large enough to infer any racial peculiarity.
3) Considerable differences in frequency were found among local groups of the Ainu and the pre-Ainu populations. This suggests that some local factor may play an important role in this condition.
4) The frequency of the aural exostoses in the pooled Jomon crania was much higher than in the Ainu. Presumably some secular factor should also be considered.

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Preceramic Site: ICU Loc. 15 (Koganei, Tokyo)

J. Edward KIDDER, Shuzo KOYAMA, Shizuo ODA, Akifumi OIKAWA

1972 Volume 80 Issue 1 Pages 23-43
Published: 1972
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.80.23

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The present official location of the site is 1-97 Higashi, Koganei city, Tokyo, but it is on land which was bought from ICU by Koganei city for use as a road. It had been designated Loc. 15 of the ICU sites after prepottery relics were found there in 1964. It lies at the extreme west end of the ICU campus, parallel to the Seibu Tamagawa (Seibu Koremasa) train tracks, north of the Nogawa, between Shin-Koganei and Tamabochi stations.

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