While he was prime minister of Japan, between 2001 and 2006, Koizumi Jun’ichirō made six visits to the Yasukuni Shrine, inciting diplomatic tensions with South Korea and China. These tensions have become one of the primary foci in the field of international relations. The visits also have aroused heated discussions among the Japanese public. Scholars agree that the media play an undeniable role in forming public opinion, and this affects the decision-making of administrations. Among the significant effects of news media are intermedia consonance (Noelle-Neumann & Mathes, 1987) and the framing effect (Entman, 2004). However, few studies to date have dealt with the converging tendencies of news media in reporting with empirical data on historical issues and the framing function of editorials. Cognizant of the impact media can exert on international relations, this study explored how Asahi Shimbun and Sankei Shimbun, two of Japan’s most influential newspapers, reported on Prime Minister Koizumi’s visits to the Yasukuni Shrine. To provide a systematic analysis of Japanese news media as a constructive step toward understanding the shaping of public opinion, and using methods of correlation analysis and content analysis, we asked the following questions: (1) How much consonance existed between the two newspapers in their reports on the visits to the Yasukuni Shrine? and (2) What is the relationship between the reporting tendencies of the articles and the stances of the editorials?

To investigate intermedia consonance, we first conducted correlation analyses on the two papers’ news articles to analyze the reporting tendencies of Asahi Shimbun and Sankei Shimbun through three lenses: agenda-setting, focus, and evaluation; the results indicated that the consonance between the two newspapers was strong at the agenda-setting level but was not confirmed at the focus or evaluation levels. We then study sought evidence of the framing effect, examining how the editorials conveyed the Yasukuni Shrine visits in terms of their definition of the issue, the reason for the controversy, moral judgments, and proposed solutions. Comparisons of the articles and editorials in Asahi Shimbun with those in Sankei Shimbun revealed that the stance of editorials corresponded to the angle or bias of the news articles of their respective newspapers. The above findings imply that news articles play a complementary role in perpetuating the more obvious framing conveyed in editorials.

In the People’s Republic of China, the Criminal Procedure Code was revised on October 26, 2018. In China, RENZUIRENFA system, the judgment by default system and the prompt decision procedure were introduced by this revision. As for this report, an exegesis does the Chinese revised Criminal Procedure Code from these three systems. The defendant confesses it about own criminal act, and there is not an objection about a crime fact pointed out, and RENZUIRENFA system is the system that it is tolerant and processes by law when I agree about the assessment of a case. It is a system of so-called plea bargaining. The prompt decision procedure must conclude a hearing for a person agreeing to RENZUIRENFA and the application of the prompt decision procedure as a general rule for (when you may be sentenced to penal servitude more than one year less than 15 days) for less than ten days on a case acceptance day of the court and must start judgment in the court which you examined. And when the judgment by default system is a crime of the national crime and terrorist activity to harm serious safely that the best People prosecution House ratified when it is necessary to let a trial go promptly in the case of a corruption bribe crime, evidence is certain, and a crime suspect and defendants are enough when I am abroad and are the system that can submit an indictment for people method House when you should investigate a criminal liability by law even if the defendant is absent.

About RENZUIRENFA system and the prompt decision procedure, it was taken effect before Criminal Procedure Code revision experimentally in some cities. Therefore, in this report, I examine the statistics documents of the experimental enforcement. A limit points out the point that there is not the rule in the text is very plain, and what kind of crime RENZUIRENFA system in particular is applied to about the point that I can interpret, the prompt decision procedure in this report even how. And an application is done about the penalty used for political oppression about RENZUIRENFA system and the prompt decision procedure in the district enforced experimentally. Therefore, political oppression and a crime to get will point out the aggressive evaluation in future from a point to have possibilities to let a trial progress without an investigation and public speaking in China that hard to please. And I point out that I can read it when I take an opportunity of the public speaking away from the defendant because the case by the circumstances of the government “to have to let a trial go promptly” applies about the judgment by default system.

And this report settles a conclusion as follows. It is said, “there was the agreement of the defendant” formally by RENZUIRENFA system, and there will be possibility to have that a criminal trial is over in future without letting others inspect the contents of the criminal trial by a prompt decision procedure. In other words, I can impose punishment on the defendant if said, “the defendant agreed to RENZUIRENFA” without stopping by to real evidence. Furthermore, I became able to let a criminal trial progress without giving the defendant the opportunity of the argument by a judgment by default system and a judgment, “it was necessary to let a trial go promptly”. The revised Criminal Procedure Code of 2018 goes away from human rights security when I generalize it.