In this paper are reported the results of the Author's observations on the reproduction of Japansee Agelenid Spiders collected every month in Miyazaki Prefecture.
1. All of the three species of this genus were observed on their life cycle through a year. (Tabl 1.)
2. Sex ratio of Agelenid spiders has become clear by counting both adult sexes during the mating period. (Table 2.)
3. The sex ratio is different not only with species but also with the individuals of the same species.
4. After copulation, the appetite of the female spiders sharply increases, and they eat the male spiders (fig. 1.) and the other spiders as well.(Table 3)
5. The shape of the egg-cocoon varies with species. However all of the cocoons are made of double silk sheets. The eggs are neatly piled inside the inner silk. A female spider usually produces only an egg-cocoon during her life span with some exceptions in which two or three are porduced.

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山口県秋吉地方狸穴洞の内部と外部並びに愛媛県上浮穴郡中久保洞窟群の内部と外部での土壌動物相を調査した結果,洞内ではダニと昆虫のトビムシだけが認められなかつたに反し,洞外では其他の昆虫類成幼虫,クモ類,メクラグモ類,カニムシ類,多足類甲殻類,環形動物,扁形動物などが認められた.
ダニ類では,狸穴で 1200cc の土壌中から洞内190個体, 3亜目12科に属する15種,洞口直前の外部土壌中から130個体3亜目, 12科に属する約17種見出だされたが,洞の内部と外部での共通種はわず6種ほどであつた.中久保洞窟群では 500cc の土壤から4洞の内部で合計35個体, 1亜目4科4属7 種ほどのダニ類が見謁だされたにすぎなかつたが,噺甫洞のの洞ロ外健で188個体3亜目23科に属する約40種を認めた.上の4洞との共通種を見るとわずか3種にすぎない.中久保洞窟群は調査した土壤環境が栄養や温度などから生物の生息を維持し難い所謂, dry cave に属するものと考えられる.反対に狸穴の場含は小型哺乳動物などに声つて持込まれ,或は洞口から流入する栄養源と,かなり安定した温湿度条件にもとずいて,割合に豊富な生物相を認められるように考える.コウモリ糞は洞窟生物の重要な第一次栄養源となるはずであるが,両地方の今回調べられた洞窟にはそれがほとんど認められなかつた.
愛媛県小田町の白マ岳洞におけるユビナガコウモリの糞堆積中には好適な湿度条件において Gamasides, Uropodina などのダニ類とムクゲキノコムシ科の一新甲虫などが多発しているのを認めた.これらはより大形な肉食性のハネカクシ,カマドウマ,コウモリヤドリカニムシ Megachernes ryugdensis, ゴミムシ類などの栄養源となるように思う.

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Till now, about a score of cave-inhabiting spiders have already been reported from some caves in Japan by K. Kishida, J. Ishikawa, T. Komatsu, T. Uyemura, T. Habe, S. Nomura, S. Ueno and T. Yaginuma.
Although in these spiders are sometimes found various stages of reduction of eyes, no eyeless spider has yet been recorded. Recently, however, the author had an oppotunity to examine a small spider, collected from a hollow in a limestone cave in Kochi Prefecture, which shows apparently a form for isolated dwelling in a dark cave by lacking eyes. In this paper is reported a new eyeless species of Archerius; which, however, has eyes in American species.
The specific name was given in honour of Mr. Kiyoshi Nakahira who discove-red the present species.
(_??_) Cephalothorax convex, longer than wide. Anterior part of the head roun-ded. Clypeus vertical. Eyes entirely wanting, and even their vestiges invisible, only a few hairs remaining. All grooves or furrows on carapace obsolete. Tarsus of palp without claw. Upper margin of fang furrow with three teeth, lower also with three but small. Sternum as long as broad. Maxillae wide, converging in front of labium. Labium fused to sternum.Legs 4. 1. 2. 3, scopulae and claw tufts wanting. Posterior legs with weak spines on each tibia. Tarsus longer than metatarsus. Tarsal claws three; upper claws with four extremely small teeth increasing distally in length. These teeth unrecognizable without careful observation. Serrated brisles as usually seen in Theridiidae, wanting, but hairs on the undersid-es of all tarsi and metatarsi weakly serrated. Abdomen long oval, with many reddish brown sclerotized spots with a hair on each, scattered closely on the en-tire dorsum. Anterior part of abdomen overlapping the hind part of thorax. A ventral scutum extending forward to encircle the pedicel, covers 2/3 of the vent-er, and with a pair of small oval holes of spiracles in anteriar part. Posterior tracheal spiracle transverse, a little advanced from spinnerets, and near to epi-gynum situated at the end of the scutum. Spinnerets sorrounded by mammillary wall. Colulus small but distinct. Total length 1.8mm.
Colour: Body and appendages yellowish brown. Margin of sternum, ventral scu-tum and posterior tracheal spiracle reddish brown. Abdomen yellowish brown with many reddish brown spots.
Locality and Date: Shobudo cave, Kochi Prefecture, Japan.
(Collected by Mr. Nakahira, Aug. 8, 1958)
Remarks: Present specier belongs to the genus Archerius which was establis-hed by H. W. Levi 1957, and is distinguished from Archerius mendocino LEVI by the absence of eyes, small colulus and the shape of eyigynum. The characteristics of present species indicates also those of Symphytognathidae which is sometimes treated as distinct family. The author has another species of which was identified by H. W. Levi, and wil be described by prof. OI in near future.

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