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Kozo OUCHI, Naoki KAWASE, Shigeyoshi NAKANO, Hiroichi AKIYAMA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
1-5
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2008
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Yeast killer factor, an unstable protein-containing macromolecule, was found to be markedly stabilized by ammonium sulfate and polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, erythritol and mannitol. Quantitative studies on the effects of glycerol were further conducted under various conditions. The killer activity was retained unchanged in 30% glycerol solution, for instance, for at least 10 days at 25°C while it disappeared within 12 hr in the solution without glycerol. However, the killer factor was still unstable at the temperatures above 35°C or beside the pH ranges 4.5_??_5.0 even in the presence of 20% glycerol. Glycerol was also found to be effective for the production of the killer factor. Availability of glycerol for purifying the killer factor is discussed.
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Kunio OHMIYA, Yasushi SATO
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
7-10
Published: 1978
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Intracellular proteases (IPLB's) from
Streptococcus cremoris, Sir. lactis, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and
L. helveticus were prepared and their proteolytic properties against whole casein from three sources and also against casein fractions were studied at 30°C, pH 7.0. β-Casein was hydrolyzed more easily than α
s-casein by each IPLB. These findings were also derived from the patterns of the agar-gel electrophoresis of the hydrolysis products of casein-I which were obtained with each IPLB.
K-Casein prepared from either casein-I or-II was more easily hydrolyzed than β-casein by each IPLB.
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Gen-ichi DANNO, Kazuki KANAZAWA, Masato NATAKE
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
11-16
Published: 1978
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The component polypeptides of the reduced and cyanoethylated glutenin have been fractionated into four fractions by precipitation with 70% ethanol under controlled pH values and temperature from the glutenin preparation dissolved in 0.5 % sodium dodecyl sulfate. Ethanol-insoluble fraction I, II plus III, and ethanol-soluble fraction were different from each other in fundamental properties such as molecular weight distribution and amino acid composition. The respective properties of these three fractions closely resembled those of three fractions separated using gel filtration by other workers. It was noted that this method is simple, and is easily able to scale up compared with gel filtration method.
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Isao HAYAKAWA, Danji NOMURA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
17-23
Published: 1978
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Experiments were carried out to establish a new method for preparation of protein from single cell microbes combining an Impact-Cell-Mill(ICM) method with the use of surfactants, and also was studied the relationship among viscoelastic properties, preparations and spinnabilities.
The results obtained were:
1) SCP prepared by the ICM method employing some treatment of anionic surfactants was found to be superior to a standard SCP in phase separation and spinnability. Anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl benzene sulfonate (SDbS) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) were superior to amphoteric and cationic surfactants for improvement of its spinnability and processability.
2) The physical properties and spinnability of SCP could be changed by SDS treatment. The theological properties of SCP prepared by SDS treatment showed a transional region from rubber-like elasticity to rubber-like flow as a casein as had shown. Present SCP showed a high recovery and good coloring as a spun-fiber.
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Chiharu IIBUCHI, Kazutomo IMAHORI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
25-30
Published: 1978
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The 7S globulin of soybean seed was purified on concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B. It exists as monomers at a high ionic strength or at a low pH, whereas it associates to form dimers under the opposite conditions. The sedimentation coefficient of the monomer is 5.6S, and that of the dimer 10S, at a protein concentration of 0.16%. Since the interconversion between the monomer and the dimer proceeds fairly rapidly, the ultracentrifugal pattern of the mixture shows a single peak. The apparent sedimentation coefficient of the mixture successively changes between 5.6S and lOS, corresponding to the ratio of the amounts of the monomer and the dimer. The monomer reversibly dissociates into subunits with 5M urea or 0.01 N HCl.
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Chiharu IIBUCHI, Kazutomo IMAHORI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
31-36
Published: 1978
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The 7S globulin of soybean seed was found to be a mixture of three kinds of proteins which were named A, B and C. They were separately purified, and all of them showed the interconversion between monomers and dimers characteristic of the 7S globulin. They were different in the sedimentation coefficient, the molecular weight, the amino acid composition and the carbohydrate content. They were all consisted of three subunits, although proteins B and C were consisted of only two kinds of subunits. Their molecular weights were 68, 000 (α) and 52, 000 (β). The subunit construction of A, B and C were α
3, α
2β and αβ
2, respectively. The proteins dissociated into subunits by urea. Reconstitution was performed by removing the urea. From fraction A, only fraction A was reconstituted. However, from B or C, A, B and C were reconstituted as expected from their subunit structures.
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Takashi HAMASAKI, Kouzou NAGAYAMA, Yuichi HATSUDA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
37-40
Published: 1978
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From the culture filtrates of
Aspergillus sydowi two new metabolites, designated as sydonic acid and hydroxysydonic acid, have been isolated. Sydonic acid, C
15H
22O
4, forms colorless needles, mp 158_??_159°C and hydroxysydonic acid, C
15H
22O
5, forms colorless needles, mp 135_??_136°C. These metabolites are optically inactive. From the results of chemical and spectroscopic examinations it is concluded that sydonic and hydroxysydonic acids are represented by formulae I and II, respectively.
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S. GIRI, NIZAMUDDIN
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
41-44
Published: 1978
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Several bis-(5-substituted-1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-yl) sulphides and sulphones derived from 2-mercapto-5-aryl/aryloxymethyI-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles have been prepared. The mercapto oxadiazoles have also been condensed with anthranilic acid to give 2-substituted-[1, 3, 4]-oxadiazolo-[2, 3, b] quinazol-5-ones. Some of these compounds have been tested against two species of fungi.
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Hiroki MURAKAMI, Koji YAMADA, Sanetaka SHIRAHATA, Kazuki SHINOHARA, Hi ...
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
45-48
Published: 1978
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Intracellular distribution of
14C-epinephrine added to the cultured rat fetal lung (RFL) cells was studied. RFL cells incorporated rapidly the radioactive material in the medium to reach the maximum after 3 hr. The incorporation ratio after 3 hr was about 26% in various concentration of the amine. About 17% of
14C-epinephrine incorporated was released by trypsin treatment, and 62% was detected in the nuclear fraction and most of the radioactivity was found in DNA molecule.
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Masaru UYEDA, Keitarou SUZUKI, Hiroko UWATOKO, Motoo SHIBATA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
49-54
Published: 1978
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To obtain new alkaline protease inhibitors, further screening test was carried out. A strain (No. KTo-250), identified as
Streptomyces griseoincarnatus was found to produce three kinds of inhibitors designated as API-2a, b and c in the order of mobilities from cathode terminal of the polyacrylamide gel.
First of all, API-2b was purified and this inhibitor differed from AP-I and S-SI in the mobility on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis and pH stability and molecular weight.
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Haruhisa IKUMO, Noboru TAKAYANAGI, Suguru SATO, Hiroshi HOSHII, Minoru ...
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
55-62
Published: 1978
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Chicks fed a diet containing the yeast grown on methanol as a sole dietary protein source suffered from exudative diathesis (ED) and pancreas abnormality. Activity of their plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH
px) was lowered and fragility of their erythrocytes (FE) was increased, indicating that yeast did not contain sufficient amount of either selenium (Se) or vitamin E. Lesions in pancreatic tissues,
i.e., necrosis of acinar areas, infiltration of eosino-philic granulocytes, and regeneration of acinar cells were recognized. Se contents in the yeast and in the diet containing the yeast were so low that they could not be detected by fluorescent method with sensitivity limit of 0.01 ppm. Addition of 0.5 ppm of Se to the diet was effective to prevent ED and pancreatic abnormality completely, to recover the activity of GSH
px, and to decrease FE, while addition of vitamin E was only effective to prevent ED and FE com-pletely, but not effective to recover the activity of GSHPS. Addition of sodium taurocholate was not effective to prevent ED, to decrease FE, or to improve fat digestibility, indicating that vitamin E absorption was not severely damaged in the chicks fed the yeast despite histo-pathological change in the pancreas.
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Yoshiki TANI, Hiroshi MORITA, Hiroshi NISHISE, Koichi OGATA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
63-68
Published: 1978
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Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in vitamin B
6 biosynthesis, was partially purified from the wild type strain of
Escherichia coli B. The enzyme was separated into three fractions (glycolaldehyde dehydrogenases A, B and C) by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The enzymes B and C, which were eluted by 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer plus 0.1M NaCl and by that plus 0.2M NaCl, respectively, lacked in the cell-free extract of a pyridoxine auxotrophic strain,
E. coli B WG3. The enzyme A, which was eluted by 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer has a broad specificity for substrate. On the other hand, the enzyme B or C is relatively specific to glycolaldehyde. The enzymes A, B and C could be defined as isozymes with enzymatic characterization.
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Hiroshi MORITA, Yoshiki TANI, Koichi OGATA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
69-73
Published: 1978
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Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extract from
Escherichia coli B was repressed to 66%, when 10μM of pyridoxal were added to the growth medium. Ten micro-molar of pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxine 5' phosphate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate added in the growth medium repressed completely the formation of an isozyme C of the enzyme. The formation of isozyme B was repressed by 10μM of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate or pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. One hundred micromolar of pyridoxine, added in the enzyme assay system, inhibited to 33% the isozyme C non-competitively for glycolate.
Ki value was calculated to be 0.33mM. A certain activation by pyridoxine was observed for isozyme B.
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Masashi HIGUCHI, Fumio YOSHIDA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
75-77
Published: 1978
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Effects of applying chloramine-T to the Lowry procedure were further studied. When chloramine-T was added to protein samples after addition of the alkaline copper reagent (or the carbonate copper reagent), the resultant standard curves for proteins showed the satisfy-ing linearity with only a slight loss of sensitivity despite considerable nonlinearity of those for proteins measured by the original Lowry procedure. Moreover, the modified Lowry procedures described in this paper were very useful to reduce markedly the blank values of some reducing agents such as L-ascorbic acid, Na
2SO
3, NaHSO
3, and FeSO
4,
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Shozo TAKAHASHI, Chikayoshi KITAMURA, Isao HORIBE
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
79-82
Published: 1978
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Sesquiterpenes and their derivatives were prepared for the bioassay of sex stimulant activity on the males of the American cockroach. Among these compounds, germacrene D 1, 2-epoxide (XI), 1, 5-dimethylene-2-acetoxy-8-isopropylcyclodec-6-ene (XIV) and shyobu-none (XV) were found to be weak stimulants only for the males of the American cockroach.
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Tateki HAYASHI, Takashi HIRATA, Midori YANO, Mitsuo NAMIKI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
83-87
Published: 1978
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Esr spectral studies on the reaction mixtures of ninhydrin with primary alkyl amines indicated two kinds of free radical products (radical-I and -II) were formed in alkaline side.
Esr signal of the radical-I showed a maximum intensity at pH around 10 and the characteristic hyperfine spectra were analyzed to be attributed to one nitrogen and α-proton(s) in the amine residue and moreover to two ortho and two meta-protons in the ninhydrin residue.
The radical-II formed only in the alkaline solutions above pH 10 and showed far intense esr signal than that of the former. The spectral analyses indicate the radical product might be composed of two units of indandione and one unit of alkyl amine. Effects of reaction temperature, molar ratio and oxygen on the radical formation were also examined.
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Jun KAWABATA, Satoshi TAHARA, Junya MIZUTANI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
89-94
Published: 1978
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This paper deals with isolation and identification of one of the minor metabolites of sorbic acid (
trans-2,
trans-4-hexadienoic acid) found in the growing medium of
Mucor sp. A-73. The absolute structure of the metabolite was determined to be (2
S, 3
R)-
trans-4, trans-6-octadiene-2, 3-diol from its chemical and physical properties by comparison with those of synthetic materials.
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Osamu TOSAKA, Koichi TAKINAMI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
95-100
Published: 1978
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The pathway and regulation of lysine biosynthesis in
Brevibacterium lactofermentum were investigated. The biosynthetic pathway of L-lysine in
Brevibacterium was the same as that in
Escherichia coli, since biosynthetic enzymes, which were aspartokinase [EC 2.7.2.4], dihydrodipicolinate (DDP)
* synthetase, DDP reductase and N-acetyl-ε-keto-a-aminopimelate (AKAP) synthetase, could be detected in
B. lactofermentum.
AKAP synthetase was measured with
1Δ-piperideine-2, 6-dicarboxylate, which was prepared from L-diaminopimelate by L-amino acid oxidase, and either acetyl-CoA or succinyl-CoA could be served as an acyl donor for this reaction.
Effect of amino acids on these enzymes was estimated. Aspartokinase was inhibited about 41, 45 and 82% by single or simultaneous addition of L-threonine and L-lysine at 1mM, respectively, whereas the addition of other amino acids did not cause significant inhibitory effect.
In contrast with DDP synthetase from
E. coli, B. lactofermentum enzyme was not affected by L-lysine.
DDP reductase was not inhibited by L-lysine, but about 56 and 47% by L-cysteine and L-alanine at 10mM, respectively.
AKAP synthetase was not affected significantly by L-lysine at 10mM.
From the above results, the regulation mechanism of lysine biosynthesis in
B. lactofermentum was discussed.
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Misao MIWA, Akihiro OKITANI, Tadao KURATA, Masao FUJIMAKI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
101-106
Published: 1978
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The reaction products between
15N-nitrite and 0.05M NaCl-soluble fraction of meat were chromatographed on Sephadex G-15 column. The unidentified
15N compound(s) which correspond to about 25% of added nitrite-
15N eluted as one peak, and separated from peptides, nitrite and nitrate. These compounds had a tendency to be adsorbed to Sephadex gel, and eluted after nitrite and nitrate. They had no UV absorption from 240 to 320nm, and were not nucleotides, amino acids or peptides. They were subjected to thin-layer chromatography and paper electrophoresis The findings of paper electrophoresis showed that they were strongly acidic compounds.
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Makiko SUGIE, Hideo SUZUKI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
107-113
Published: 1978
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D-Aminoacylase for enzymatic resolution of DL-amino acids was produced in the presence of inducer by
Streptomyces olivaceus and almost all the activity was found in cell fraction. The partial purification and properties of this induced enzyme were studied. The enzyme had a molecular weight of about 45, 000 and was specific for the hydrolysis of N-acetyl D-amino acids. The optimum pH was found to be at pH 7.0 and the activity was remarkably inhibited by the presence of Hg
2+ or Ago
2+. Enzyme stability was increased by the addition of Co
2+. Michaelis constants (
Km) for several preferred substrates were between 1.13×10
-3 and 2.95×10
-3M.
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Akiho YOKOTA, Yoshihisa NAKANO, Shozaburo KITAOKA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
115-120
Published: 1978
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E. gracilis grown on air with illumination contained glycolate dehydrogenase both in mitochondria and microbodies while that grown on the air containing 5% CO
2 with illumination contained the enzyme only in mitochondria with half an activity. Transfer of cells grown on air with illumination to 5% CO
2 or nitrogen atmosphere or to darkness caused disappearance of the enzyme activity in microbodies remaining it only in mitochondria.
E. gracilis grown heterotrophically on various carbon sources, except glutamate in single, contained glycolate dehydrogenase only in mitochondria. The enzyme in microbodies is apparently associated with photorespiration while the mitochondrial enzyme with the glycolate metabolism in this organelle, which has functions not related to photorespiration or photosynthesis.
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Akiho YOKOTA, Yoshihisa NAKANO, Shozaburo KITAOKA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
121-129
Published: 1978
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Difference spectra taken at -196°C were given to confirm that glycolate oxidation by
Euglena mitochondria is linked to the electron transport system with the production of ATP. In feeding experiments with 1-
14C-glycolate on
E. gracilis cells having glycolate dehydrogenase only in mitochondria, greater parts of the taken-up radioactivity were excreted as
14CO
2 and greater parts of the remaining were distributed to the amino acid and protein fractions, mainly as glycine and serine. Presence of ammonium decreased
14CO
2 evolution and augmented incorporation and distribution to protein of label. Exhaustion of nitrogen source stopped glycolate uptake. Deficiency of nitrogen source repressed glycolate dehydrogenase most extensively among the enzymes involved in the glycolate pathway. The mechanism of regulation of the glycolate metabolism by nitrogen source is discussed.
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Hiromi SHIMOMURA, Junki KATSUBE, Masanao MATSUI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
131-136
Published: 1978
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A stereo-controlled total synthesis of
dl-prostaglandin F
1α (PGF
1α) methyl ester (XVIII) and its 15-epimer (XX) starting from 8-oxo-octanenitrile was achieved. This synthesis involved the oxidative cleavage of a bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene (VIII) as a key reaction in order to obtain an appropriate cyclopentane skeleton.
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Tadashi OGAWA, Masumi KIMOTO, Hideaki TSUJI, Kei SASAOKA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
137-140
Published: 1978
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One of the unidentified ninhydrin positive substances abnormally excreted in urine of the rats injected with 1-aminoproline was characterized as β-aminoisobutyric acid. The absolute configuration of this amino acid was proved to be the (
R)-form by means of a specific gas chromatographic technique. Excretion of (
R)-β-aminoisobutyric acid reached a maximum during the interval from 3.5 to 5 hr after the intraperitoneal injection of 1-aminoproline. Spectacular accumulation of β-aminoisobutyric acid was observed in liver and kidney by the 1-aminoproline treatment. The amino acid accumulated in these tissues also had the (
R)-form. These facts suggest that 1-aminoproline inhibits the stereospecific metabolism of the β-aminoisobutyric acid.
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Osamu HIRAYAMA, Tsukasa NISHIDA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
141-146
Published: 1978
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Effects of lipids and their related compounds on the chloroplast functions were investigated. Whole lipids,
i.e. methyl linolenate, monogalactosyldiglyceride, and lecithin induced only a slight effect on the photochemical activities; electron transport, H
+ uptake, and cyclic photophosphorylation. Lecithin alone stimulated significantly O
2 evolution. On the con-trary, the lipid-hydrolysis products,
i.e. linolenic acid, monogalactosylmonoglyceride, and lysolecithin caused a strong inhibition of all the photoactivities tested. They showed two different modes of inhibition, which arise probably from a situation whether the lipids affect coupling factor or not besides the membrane part in thylakoid. Peroxidized methyl linolenate and α-tocopherol were also examined and the effect of lipid oxidation was discussed.
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Akira HIROTA, Yuji HIGASHINAKA, Heiichi SAKAI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
147-151
Published: 1978
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Antagonists of L-tryptophan, 927-B substance (I) and 927-A substance (II) were isolated from the culture filtrate of No. 927 strain, which was identified as
Streptomyces griseus. I was identified as indolmycin[(-)-2-methylamino-5-α-(3'-indolyl) ethyl-2-oxazolin-4-one] and II was structurally determined to be N-demethyl-C-demethylindolmycin. II has been hitherto unknown. Addition of L-tryptophan to a minimal medium weakened, while that of D-trypto-phan strengthened, the antibacterial activity of I.
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Akira HASEGAWA, Tooru SAKURAI, Makoto KISO
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
153-158
Published: 1978
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2, 4-Diamino-2, 4-dideoxy-L-arabinose derivatives (Prumycin derivatives) have been synthesized from benzyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-β-D-gluco-furanoside (II). Evi-dence in suport of the structure assigned to these new derivatives is presented.
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Hideyuki CHIJI, Takashi AIBA, Masao IZAWA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
159-165
Published: 1978
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Two 2, 3-unsubstituted chromones were isolated from the reddish leaves and stems of glasswort (
Salicornia europaea L.) and, on the basis of chemical and spectral evidences and syntheses of both of the compounds, they were identified to be 6, 7-methylenedioxychromone and 6, 7-dimethoxychromone, respectively. This is the first report which shows the natural occurrence of these two chromones.
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Katsumi YUASA, Keiko ISHIZUKA, Toshio SAKASAI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
167-169
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Kunimitsu KAYA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
171-172
Published: 1978
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Mitsuaki OHMORI, Masanosuke TAKAGI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
173-174
Published: 1978
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Akio KATO, Tazuru WAKINAGA, Naotoshi MATSUDOMI, Kunihiko KOBAYASHI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
175-176
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Kenji MAEKAJI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
177-178
Published: 1978
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Shigeo AIBARA, Honami YAMASHITA, Yuhei MORITA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
179-180
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Mikihiko KOBAYASHI, Kazuo MATSUDA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
181-183
Published: 1978
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Mitsunori KIRIHATA, Sei MIHARA, Itsuo ICHIMOTO, Hiroo UEDA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
185-186
Published: 1978
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Yuji SHIBANO, Koji TAMURA, Masaru HONJO, Tohru KOMANO
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
187-189
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Shigeharu TAMADA, Kenji MORI, Masanao MATSUI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
191-192
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Tetsuya MASUTANI, Junkichi IWASA
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
193
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Saizo SHIBATA, Akio KATSUYAMA, Masao NOGUCHI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
195-197
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Masayoshi ETO, Masayoshi IIO, Hirohisa OMURA, Morifusa ETO
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
199-200
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Kazuo IWAI, Kap-Rang LEE, Masahiro KOBASHI, Tetsuya SUZUKI, Sinzaburo ...
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
201-202
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Tatsuji CHUMAN, Hajime KANEKO, Masao NOGUCHI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
203-204
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Yasutaka TAHARA, Koichiro SHINMOTO, Yuzo YAMADA, Keiji KONDO
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
205-206
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Shin KUROGOCHI, Noboru MUROFUSHI, Yasuo OTA, Nobutaka TAKAHASHI
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
207-208
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Yuji KAMIYA, Akira SAKURAI, Saburo TAMURA, Nobutaka TAKAHASHI, Keiko A ...
1978 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
209-211
Published: 1978
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