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Rinjiro SARUNO, Machiko TANAKA, Fumio KATO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2227-2232
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Two deoxyribonucleases (DNase A and DNase N) were isolated from
Aspergillus niger and partially purified. The purification procedure consisted of five steps, including am-monium sulfate fractionation, column chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and DEAE-sephadex, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 column, and affinity chromatography on 5'-GMP-Sepharose 4B column.
The purified DNase A and DNase N were the most active at pH 4.0 and pH 6.5, and their molecular weights were found to be about 39, 000 and 12, 000, respectively. The DNase A was markedly inhibited by Ag
+ and Cu
2+, and activated by Zn
2+. DNase N hydrolyzed dG
-pdG and dG
-pdA linkages, and DNase A preferentially hydrolyzed dG
-pdG and dG
-pdA linkages of calf thymus DNA.
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Norio SHIOMI, Jiro YAMADA, Masao IZAWA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2233-2244
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Nine fructo-oligosaccharides, synthesized
in vitro from sucrose by an enzyme preparation from asparagus roots, were isolated and their structures were elucidated to be 1
F (1-β-fructo-furanosyl)
n sucrose [
n=1 (1-kestose), 2 (nystose) and 3], 6
G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)
n, sucrose [
n=1 (neokestose), 2 and 3] and 1
F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)
m 6
G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)
n, sucrose [
m=1,
n=1;
m=2,
n=1; and
m=1,
n=2]. These saccharides are all known to occur naturally in asparagus roots, but 6
G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)
n, sucrose and 1
F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)
m, -6
G-(1-β-fructofuranosyl)
n, sucrose (
m=1,
n=1; and
m=1,
n=2) were the first saccharides enzymatically synthesized
in vitro. Also three types of fructosyltransferases were presumed to be involved in the biosynthesis of these oligosaccharides in asparagus roots.
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Yoshihiro SHUTO, Eiji TANIGUCHI, Morifusa ETO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2245-2248
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The electronic structures of guanidinopyrimidine derivatives were investigated by the extended Hdckel method. A moderately high electronic density was observed at the guanidino function, and the net electronic charge of the guanidino function was found correlated with the dissociation constants. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was also found correlated with the net electronic charge of the guanidino functional group, with the hydrophobicity of the molecules taken into account as an additional factor.
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Masaru OHTSURU, Harumi KAWATANI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2249-2255
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The myrosinase from Wasabi (
Wasabia japonica) is effectively extracted by sonication. The enzyme is purified about 100-fold by gel-filtration on Sephacryl S-200, Sepharose 6B and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. The enzyme is active only when L-ascorbic acid is added to the reaction mixture. General reducing reagents (2-mercapto-ethanol and dithiothreitol) do not activate the enzyme. Sulfhydryl and amino group dis-criminating reagents strongly inhibit the enzyme activity. These results suggest that amino groups and sulfhydryl groups constitute the active sites of the enzyme.
Molecular weight as determined by gel-filtration is 580, 000, and the enzyme has about 12 subunits as assessed by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis.
Km value for sinigrin is 4.7×10
-4M.
Comparative findings on some properties of yellow mustard, microbial and Wasabi myrosinases are reported.
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Tadakazu TAKEO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2257-2263
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) (1.4. 1.2) was prepared from tea rootlet. The GDH from tea rootlet used NADH and NADPH but NADH was favored. Opt pH of the reductive amination of GDH was
ca. pH 8.0. The
Km values for 2-oxoglutarate, NH
4+ and NADH were 0.42mM, 24mM and 0.042mM, respectively. The GDH was inhibited by high concentrations of both 2-oxoglutarate and NH
4+. The activity of GDH from tea rootlet was slightly stimulated by Ca
2+ and Mg
2+. However, Co
2+ and Mn
2+ were not effective. On the contrary, Zn
2+ showed clearly an inhibitory effect. EDTA or
p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibited the activity of GDH. The inhibitory effect of EDTA on the GDH was restored by adding Ca
2+ and Mg
2+. However, Zn
2+ increased the inhibitory effect of EDTA.
The activity of GDH was inhibited by the high concentration of glutamate. Glutamine, theanine and alanine stimulated the activity of GDH. The activity of GDH in tea rootlets cultured upon glutamate medium was remarkably repressed. The activity of glutamate treated GDH was reactivated when tea rootlets were transferred onto ammonia medium.
The GDH enzyme protein from tea rootlet was separated into two fractions on the DEAE chromatogram. And the both fractions increased when the rootlets were supplied with ammonia.
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Hiroto CHAEN, Seinosuke UEDA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2265-2272
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Japan At least, four kinds of amylase inhibitors are found in culture of
Streptomyces sp. No.280.
1) A large amount of amylase inhibitors were produced by Streptomyces sp. No. 280 when cul-tivated on 3% oatmeal medium and it was found that the molecular weight of the inhibitors were transformed to smaller molecules during the cultivation time. The transformation of the amylase inhibitor was found to result from degradation of its carbohydrate moiety by α-amylase in the culture broth. The amylase inhibitor was hydrolyzed partially by the action of taka-amylase A or hog pancreatic α-amylase. With hydrolyzation of amylase inhibitor by α-amylase, neutral sugars (mainly maltose) were liberated from the amylase inhibitor and a modified inhibitor was newly formed, but amylase inhibitory activity against glucoamylase was not changed. The inhibitory activity against muscle phosphorylase a, however, was almost completely lost.
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Makio KITADA, Koki HORIKOSHI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2273-2277
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A mutant which required glutamate for growth as the sole nitrogen source was derived from alkalophilic
Bacillus No. 8-1 by UV irradiation. The relationship was examined between cell growth and glutamate transport into cells.
Cell growth and glutamate transport into cells were dependent on extracellular pH in the presence of Na
+, and both were maximum between pH 9 and 10. The quantitative relation between specific growth rate and glutamate uptake rate indicated that the amount of glutamate required for growth at pH 7 and 9 was consistent with that of glutamate transported at pH 7 and 9, respectively. But the amount of glutamate transported at pH 7 was not sufficient to support growth at pH 9. The glutamate transport system of this mutant strain evidently had an effect on growth.
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Masaru SHIMURA, Michiaki IWATA, Shoji OMOTO, Yasharu SEKIZAWA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2279-2281
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The structure of SF-1836 substance, which is produced by
Streptomyces zaomyceticus SF-1836 and has an antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas species, was determined to be 2-azabicyclo[2.1.0]pentane-3-(
S)-carboxilic acid by chemical and spectroscopic studies.
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Yasushi MITSUISHI, Mikihiko KOBAYASHI, Kazuo MATSUDA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2283-2290
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A new type of dextranase, dextran α-1, 2 debranching enzyme, was detected in the culture fluid of a gram negative bacterium. This dextranase producing microorganism had charac-teristics of the genus
Flavobacterium, and was tentatively named M-73. The optimum condi-tions for enzyme production were studied.
The debranching enzyme was concentrated from the culture supernatant, treated at 55°C to inactivate the concomitant dextranase activity, and purified by column chromatography on DEAF-cellulose. Further purification was performed by biospecific adsorption chromato-graphy using Sephadex G-150, from which the enzyme was eluted with a solution of clinical dextran, and by polyacrylamide preparative gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was electrophoretically homogeneous and had a molecular weight of approximately 125, 000. About a 2, 700-fold increase in specific activity was achieved (66 units per milligram of protein) with a yield of 14.2%.
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D. K. SARKAR, B. S. PARMAR
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2291-2296
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Nicotine has been found an effective photosensitizer for DDT. At DDT: nicotine (1:5), DDT along with its formed degradation products DDD, DDE and DBP disappeared within 18 and 60 days under UV and sunlight respectively. Because of persistence, nicotine proved a superior photosensitizer to
N,
N'-diethylaniline. In DDT emulsifiable concen-trates it led to high alkalinity but no DDT degradation up to 60 days at 20_??_25°C. 0.1 and 0.5% DDT emulsions from these formulations showed no adverse effect on
Daucus carrota,
Vicia faba,
Brassica oleracea var.
botrytis, and
Dahlia sp., but showed mild to severe phyto-toxicity against Pisum sativum and
Cicer arietinum; caused by high concentration of nicotine. On
Clerodendrum sp. in sunlight, these formulations showed over 20% faster DDT loss be-tween 3_??_15 days of application. DDT-nicotine mixtures showed no synergism against
Tribolium castaneum Herbst.
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Shinsuke OHTA, Michihiko YATAZAWA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2297-2303
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Callus tissues were induced from stem and root segments of
Rauwolfa serpentina. Growth and alkaloid production of the callus tissues were examined under various culture conditions. The growth was strikingly promoted in the presence of 2, 4-D (0.5_??_1ppm), kinetin (0.2_??_0.5ppm) and yeast extract (0.1_??_0.2%). At favourable conditions, the growth value in 4 weeks' culture was
ca. 40 (F. W.), and
ca. 25 (D. W.) for stem callus tissues, and
ca. 15 (F. W.), and
ca. 8 (D. W.) for root callus tissues. Stem and root callus tissues produced ajmaline and some other unidentified Rauwolfia alkaloids. The ajmaline content in root callus tissues was 10_??_20mg% and in stem callus tissues was 1_??_10mg%, The ajmaline production was strikingly reduced when 2, 4-D concentration increased, or kinetin was omitted in the culture medium. Phytosterols including stigmasterol, β-sitosterol or cholesterol were also produced.
抄録全体を表示
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Kazuaki NISHIKAWA, Susumu OI, Takahiko YAMAMOTO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2305-2310
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A bacterium isolated as resistant to alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (benzalko-nium chloride, BC) and tentatively identified as
Enterobacter cloacae, was induced by BC to produce acidic polysaccharide. The optimum concentration of BC for production of the poly-saccharide was 0.1% and the polysaccharide produced amounted to 1.0_??_2.0mg per ml of cul-ture broth. The best carbon and nitrogen sources for the polysaccharide production were glycerol and polypeptone.
The acidic polysaccharide was consisted of fucose, galactose, glucose, glucuronic acid, pyruvate, and acetate, like colanic acid. The production of the acidic polysaccharide was not induced by the addition of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tetramethylammonium chloride, but it was induced by
p-fluorophenylalanine, and the results are discussed.
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Masao HORIBA, Hajimu KITAHARA, Ken-ichi TAKAHASHI, Seiya YAMAMOTO, Ats ...
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2311-2316
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Gas chromatographic methods were developed for the determination of optical isomers of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)isovaleric acid (CPIA) which constituted the acidd moiety of the insecticide Fenvalerate molecule. The enantiomers of CPIA were derivatized into diastereoisomeric 1-menthyl esters quantitatively via their acid chlorides and separated from each other on a column of 10% silicone DC QF-l (3mm i.d.×2.25m). They were also derivatized into isopropylamides in the presence of
N,
N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and were resolved on an open tubular glass capillary column (0.25mm i.d.×40m) coated with optically active
N,
N'-[2, 4-(6-ethoxy-1, 3, 5-triazine)diyl] bis (L-valyl-L-valyl-L-valine isopropyl ester) (OA-300). The ratios of optical isomers were determined from their separated peak areas and analytical values obtained by two methods were in good agreement with each other.
The chemical purity of CPIA was also determined by gas chromatography after derivati-zation to its methyl ester on a column of 2% DEGS (3mm i.d.×3m) using
m-nitroanisole as an internal standard.
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Tomohiko MORI, Shigeru UTSUMI, Hisaji INABA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2317-2322
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Native subunit proteins of glycinin, the acidic and the basic subunits designated as ASS
1+2, AS
2+3, AS
4, AS
5, and AS
6, and BS, respectively, were isolated by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography in the presence of 6
M urea and 0.2
M 2-mercaptoethanol.
Reconstitution of intermediary subunits involving a disulfide bridge from native acidic and basic subunits was investigated. Formation of the intermediary subunit was observed in combinations between BS and each acidic subunit except AS
6. The yields of the reconstituted intermediary subunits differed from one another.
Further, formation of the intermediary complexes was observed when native acidic and basic subunits of soybean glycinin and sesame 13S globulin, respectively (or reverse combi-nations), were mixed under reductively denatured condition and subjected to the reconstitution procedure. Considerring the overall evidence, we may conclude that the complexes are probably a hybrid intermediary subunit.
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Chikao NISHINO, Hisao TAKAYANAGI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2323-2329
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The conformation of
cis- and
trans-verbenol and five pairs of
cis-
trans alcohols having a 6, 6-dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] heptane skeleton was analyzed using the PMR spectra under the influence of the chemical shift reagent, Eu(dpm)
3. Inmost of such spectra, different proton signals appeared separately, and decoupling treatment in addition to direct analysis of the coupling constants of the separated signals enabled us to elucidate the conformation of the alcohols. The alcohols having a double bond took a “Y-shape”. The other alcohols were shown to be the “bridged boat” or “bridged chair” conformation in which the secondary methyl group exists always as a quasiequatorial.
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Junko NISHIYAMA, Toyo KUNINORI, Hiroshi MATSUMOTO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2331-2335
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A synthetic polymer, thiolated polyvinyl alcohol (SH-PVA), was used for examining the reaction between sulfhydryls and lipids during dough mixing. When SH-PVA was in-cubated with linoleic acid hydroperoxide at a concentration of 1/12 to 1/4 mole to a mole of SH group, progressive oxidation of sulfhydryl was observed and a part of disulfides seemed to be further oxidized in some cases. The hydrodynamic behavior of SH-PVA treated with oxidized linoleic acid was similar to that of SH-PVA treated with an oxidizing agent, potassium bromate; non-Newtonian flow and increase in viscosity were observed. The peak of the gel filtration pattern of SH-PVA shifted to a faster elution position upon treatment with oxidized linoleic acid. These results probably indicate the formation of an interchain disulfide linkage. In view of these results, we discussed the role of lipids involved in oxidation of free SH groups in the theological properties of gluten and dough.
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Hiroshi IMAGAWA, Haruko YAMANO, Kazuhiko INOUE, Yoshinori TAKINO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2337-2342
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Three adenosine nucleosidases (adenosine ribohydrolase, EC 3.2. 2.7) with high substrate specificity were isolated from the extracts of tea leaves by a procedure including fractionation with ammonium sulfate, column chromatography on DEAE- and CM-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. They were designated adenosine nucleosidase I, II and III, respectively, and their properties were characterized.
Among the naturally occurring nucleosides only adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine were hydrolyzed by these three enzymes and cleavage rate of the N-glycosidic bond in 2'-deoxy-adenosine was three or four times greater than that in adenosine.
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Kazumasa HITOTSUYANAGI, Kunio YAMANE, Bunji MARUO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2343-2349
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The production of extracellular u-amylase in
Bacillus subtilis is probably regulated by many genetic elements, such as
amyR,
tmrA7,
pap,
amyB and
sacU. Additional genetic elements, C-108 and A-2 for production of the α-amylase were found in D-cycloserine and ampicillin resistant mutants (C108 and A2) of
B. subtilis 6160, respectively. Strain C108 in-creased the production of α-amylase about 5 times and protease about 80 times compared to parental 6160 strain. Strain A2 showed a nearly 6-fold increased α-amylase production.
These genetic elements displayed a synergistic effect with other genetic factors in production of extracellular α-amylase when these elements were transferred by DNA mediated trans-formation. By stepwise introduction of these and other genetic elements into
B. subtilis 6160 by transformation and mutation, strains with higher a-amylase producing activity were ob-tained. The finally obtained strain, T2N26, produced about 1, 500_??_2, 000 times more α-amylase than parental 6160 strain.
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Takashi SHINOHARA, Jun-ichi SHIMIZU, Yoshimi SHIMAZU
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2351-2358
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The esterification rates (ratio of the concentration of an acid in the neutral ethyl ester form to total concentration of the acid) of main organic acids in wines were determined to study the extent of ethyl ester formation of organic acids. The esterification rates ranged from zero to 24.6%. The averaged values of table wines were from 6 to 16% for acetic and lactic acid, from 0.3 to 3.6% for succinic and malic acid, and from zero to 0.1% for tartaric acid. Sherries had higher esterification rates, about 1.6 to 6 times larger, than table wines. It was found that storage time and temperature influence the formation of ethyl esters, and it was suggested that the aging period required for the ester equilibrium is about one year for acetic and lactic acid, and more than two years for succinic, malic and tartaric acid. The possibility and the procedure to control wine quality during the aging process were discussed.
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Takeshi KITAHARA, Yoshikazu TAKAGI, Masanao MATSUI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2359-2363
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Naturally occurring damascone analogues, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, 3-hydroxydihydro-β-damascone and β-damascenone, which are known as key substances for the flavor of rose oil and tobacco, were synthesized via Diels-Alder reaction of the reactive diene, 1-methoxy-3-trimethylsilyloxy-butadiene.
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Nobuyuki KURITA, Makoto MIYAJI, Ryuichiro KURANE, Yoshimasa TAKAHARA, ...
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2365-2371
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Mechanisms of antifungal actions of cinnamaldehyde, citral, perillaldehyde and citronellal were investigated. The growth inhibitions by the aldehydes were reduced or abolished in the presence of cysteine or glutathione in some cases, indicating that the inhibitions were mainly due to reactions of the aldehydes with SH groups involved in the fungal growth. In other cases, the SH compounds were ineffective on the inhibitory actions of the aldehydes. By calculating energies of molecular orbitals of the aldehydes, it was found that the antifungal activity was related to the energy of the lowest empty molecular orbital,
i.e., the lower the energy, the higher is the antifungal activity. The energy values of the molecular orbitals indicate that the aldehydes except citronella are good electron acceptors. It was further demon-strated, by studies of difference spectra, that cinnamaldehyde, citral and perillaldehyde are capable of forming charge transfer complexes with tryptophan, a good electron donor. These results strongly suggest that the antifungal actions of the aldehydes are possibly due to their abilities to form charge transfer complexes with electron donors in addition to their reactivity with SH groups.
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Konosuke SAND, Chikahiko EGUCHI, Naohiko YASUDA, Koji MITSUGI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2373-2374
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kenjiro KODAMA, Hitoshi KUSAKABE, Haruhiko MACHIDA, Yuichiro MIDORIKAW ...
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2375-2377
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
-
S. GIRI, NIZAMUDDIN
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2379-2381
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Satoshi UEHARA, Kiyozo HASEGAWA, Kazuo IWAI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2383-2384
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Koukichi MARUYAMA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2385-2386
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Haruyoshi KONNO, Yoshiki YAMASAKI, Kazumi YOSHIDA, Junjiro OZAWA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2387-2388
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Takashi OKAMOTO, Toshiki MORICHI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2389-2390
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Noriko KISHIDA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2391-2392
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Ryo NAKAMURA, Iwao OMORI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2393-2394
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yoshikazu TAKAGI, Takane FUJIMORI, Hajime KANEKO, Kunio KATO
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2395-2396
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hiroyuki NISHIMURA, Hiromasa HASEGAWA, Akira SEO, Hidenori NAKANO, Jun ...
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2397-2398
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Chikao NISHINO, Hisao TAKAYANAGI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2399-2402
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Naobumi ÔI, Masao HORIBA, Hajimu KITAHARA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2403-2404
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hirohiko SAKUMA, Sachiko MUNAKATA, Shiro SUGAWARA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2405-2406
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kiyoshi SUGAWARA, Makoto FUZISAKI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2407-2408
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hiroji SATO, Keiichi KONOMA, Sadao SAKAMURA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2409-2411
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Masakazu MIYAKADO, Hirosuke YOSHIOKA
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2413-2415
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Makiko TAKAGI, Saburo FUNAHASHI, Keiichi OHTA, Toshio NAKABAYASHI
1979 年 43 巻 11 号 p.
2417-2418
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー