-
Tojiro TSUSHIDA, Toshinobu MURAI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2865-2871
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a hypertensive compound, and alanine accumulated in tea leaves under anaerobic conditions. Since the
15N in
15N-glutamic acid was well incorporated in GABA and alanine during anaerobic incubation, glutamic acid seemed to be a source of nitrogen for the increased GABA and alanine. GOT and GPT were the predominant amino acid transaminases in tea leaves. Although glutamate decarboxylase and GPT seemed to be important for GABA and alanine accumulation, the activities of these enzymes did not increase under anaerobic conditions. Glutamate decarboxylase, which formed GABA from glutamate, was purified 52.4-fold. This enzyme, with an optimum pH at 5.8, was activated by pyridoxal phosphate and used only L-glutamic acid as a substrate.
抄録全体を表示
-
Shigeru KAJIWARA, Hidekatsu MAEDA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2873-2879
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A droplet gel-entrapping method used for enzyme immobilization was improved to simplify the procedure and to increase the enzyme stability. This immobilization technique is suitable for coupled enzyme reactions requiring cofactors. Leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH) were freeze-dried with bovine serum albumin, dextrin and stabilizers. The freeze-dried enzyme powder was suspended in a methylcellosolve solution containing polyethyleneglycol(#4000)diacrylate,
N,
N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, and the suspension was gelled with initiators. The gel was cut up and the pieces were washed in a buffer to remove the methylcellosolve and the dextrin inside. The maximum conversion ratio for a LeuDH-FDH gel column was determined to be 99.8% by means of the recycling reaction. On longterm operation at 30°C for leucine production, the initial conversion ratio (7.2%) gradually decreased to 6.6% over the first 10 days. However, the conversion ratio remained almost constant after the 10th day. The effects of flow rate, temperature, pH, and the concentrations of formate, α-ketoisocaproate, ammonium and NAD on the leucine productivity with the gel column were also investigated.
抄録全体を表示
-
S. A. AL-MASHIKHI, Shuryo NAKAI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2881-2887
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to separate ovotransferrin (OVT) by a single chromatographic step. Ovotransferrin was bound strongly to immobilized copper ions, while other components of egg white passed through the column. Using acidic pH and/or a strong competing solute, imidazole, ovotransferrin was recovered in 94-98% pure form as indicated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. The elution profiles from the IMAC column indicated the presence of two forms of ovotransferrin. The capacity of the IMAC column was 20 mg OVT/ml copper loaded gel. Saturation of the metal binding sites of ovotransferrin with Fe
2+ and Cu
2+ did not interfere with the binding of ovotransferrin to the IMAC column. However, modification of the histidine residues in ovotransferrin with diethyl pyrocarbonate almost completely destroyed the binding to the IMAC column.
抄録全体を表示
-
Kiyozo HASEGAWA, Kaori MUKAI, Miho GOTOH, Sayoko HONJO, Teruyoshi MATO ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2889-2894
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A prodecure for the quantitative determination of lysinoalanine (LAL) by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring was developed. α, ε-Diaminopimelic acid was chosen as the internal standard, and the content of LAL in commercial foods was analyzed. Of the samples analyzed, the content was highest in pidan. Wheat flour-based products (Chinese noodles, pretzels and crackers) and milk products (condensed milk and lactic acid beverages) also contained a significant amount of LAL. Ordinary milk, soybean (soy milk and soy protein isolate) and meat products (ham and Hamburg steak) contained a low amount of LAL. It was confirmed that the possibility of low-level LAL formation existed in foods cooked at home without any alkaline treatment.
抄録全体を表示
-
Jun-Ichiro MORITA, Il-Shin CHOE, Katsuhiro YAMAMOTO, Kunihiko SAMEJIMA ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2895-2900
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Heat-induced gelation of myosin from leg and breast muscles of chicken was studied in 0.6 M KCl. Gel strength of breast myosin was higher than that of leg myosin between pH 5.2 and 6.0. Turbidity of breast myosin increased below pH 6.0 but that of leg myosin did not increase at pH 5.7. Turbidity of leg myosin was higher than that of breast myosin below pH 5.6. Viscosity of breast myosin increased between pH 5.5 and 6.0 as the pH decreases, although that of leg myosin decreased. The breast myosin assembled to form long filaments at pH 5.7, but leg myosin failed to form long filaments. At pH 5.4, breast myosin filaments became longer and leg myosin assembled into filaments though they were shorter than breast myosin filaments. The strength of heat-induced gel formed from the filamentous leg and breast myosins at acidic region was not influenced by F-actin. These results indicate that the strength of heat-induced gel of both myosins is closely related to their morphological properties.
抄録全体を表示
-
Takashi AKAMATSU, Junichi SEKIGUCHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2901-2909
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Seven filamentous (
fil) mutants were isolated from
B. subtilis, and the mutations were mapped by means of lysed-protoplast transformation. Five of the mutations were linked to
aroD and the others to
pyrD.
rgn mutations, which lead to a decrease in autolysin(s) and the formation of filaments, were also linked to
aroD, and the mapping order was
rgn-
dnaE-
aroD. On comparison with other reported filamentous mutations (
lyt-
1,
lyt-
2 and
lyt-
152),
fil-
1,
fil-
3 to -6,
rgn and the above
lyt mutations were determined to be in the same locus. All of the seven
fil strains lacked flagella and showed decreased autolysin activity. Among them, only mutants having
aroD-linked mutations showed low competency. Protease assay results indicated that
rgn mutants produce a several times higher amount of the enzyme than the parent strain, and the initiation time for the production in
rgn mutants was two hours earlier than in the parent strain.
抄録全体を表示
-
Hideo OE, Etsushiro DOI, Masaaki HIROSE
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2911-2917
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The thiol-dependent gelation of conalbumin was highly dependent on both pH and the buffers used. The hardness of the gels was the maximum at pH 8.0-8.8. At pH 8.0, it was several time greater in sodium phosphate buffer than in Tris-HCl buffer. Comparison of the effects of inorganic and organic salts revealed that the difference in gel hardness was caused by the difference in anion species. The hardness of the thiol-dependent gel formed under different anion conditions was inversely correlated with the rate of gel formation. Scanning electron microscopic study showed that the gel formed in sodium phosphate appeared as a sponge-like, uniform network structure, while that in Tris-HCl was coarse.
抄録全体を表示
-
Masakuni TAKO, Sanehisa NAKAMURA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2919-2923
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The non-Newtonian behavior and dynamic viscoelasticity of solutions of the Ca salt of xanthan were measured with a rheogoniometer. The Ca salt of xanthan showed pseudoplastic behavior<0.1% but was plastic>0.3%. Compared with native, Na, and K salts of xanthan, the Ca salt had higher dynamic viscoelasticity at high concentrations. The apparent viscosity of Ca salt of xanthan was very large at low temperatures and decreased with increasing temperature. These suggest very strong intermolecular association of the xanthan (Ca salt) molecules, probably due to the formation of ionic force between adjacent charged trisaccharide side-chains
via Ca
2+ on different molecules. Possible structures for quaternary association including intramolecular association of xanthan molecules (Ca and K salts) in aqueous solution were proposed.
抄録全体を表示
-
Takashi EBATA, Kenji MORI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2925-2928
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
(2
S, 3
R, 1'
S, 2'
S)-Serricorole (
1) and (2
S, 3
R, 1'
R)-serricorone (
2), sex pheromone components of the cigarette beetle (
Lasioderma serricorne F.), were synthesized, starting from the enantiomers of methyl 3-hydroxypentanoate. The stereochemistry of the naturally occurring
1 was determined to be 2
S, 3
R, 1'
S, 2'
S, and that of
2 to be 2
S, 3
R, 1'
RS by comparing between the CD spectra of the natural and synthetic samples.
抄録全体を表示
-
Katsumi MURATA, Isao KUSAKABE, Hideyuki KOBAYASHI, Hiroshi KIUCHI, Kaz ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2929-2933
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A soymilk-clotting efficiency test was carried out with various commercial proteinases. The efficiency was relatively high in the cases of proteinases originating from
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,
Bacillus subtilis,
Aspergillus oryzae,
Aspergillus sojae,
Bacillus thermoproteolyticus and bromelain, while it was relatively low in those of
Endothia parasitica,
Rhizopus sp.,
Mucor miehei, papain and trypsin. Of the enzymes investigated, proteinases showing high proteolytic activity as to soymilk-protein also exhibited high soymilk-clotting efficiency. Such coagulation of soymilk-protein increased with the addition of CaCl
2 or MgCl
2 to the soymilk. The coagula, formed with enzymes showing high soymilk-clotting efficiency, could easily be separated into soymilk-curd and whey by centrifugation at 1600 ×
g for 2min. The volume ratio, after centrifugation of coagula formed at 5 min incubation with the enzymes, of soymilk-curd to whey was about 1:1, and the volume of the curd had a tendency to increase with increasing incubation time. The experimental results suggest that alkaline and neutral proteinases originating from microorganisms are suitable for making soymilk-curd on an industrial scale.
抄録全体を表示
-
Shao-Yong Wu, Shigekazu ITO, Morifusa ETO
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2935-2942
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Bis(4-chloro-2-ethylphenyl) phenylphosphonate was metabolically transformed into the corresponding cyclic ester,
i.e., 6-chloro-4-methyl-2-phenyl-4
H-1, 3, 2-benzodioxaphosphorin 2-oxide, in houseflies
in vivo. In a
p-unsubstituted analog, hydroxylation at the para-position of an ester linkage occurred preferably to alpha-hydroxylation with subsequent cyclization. The cyclization was diastereomerically selective, giving predominantly the
cis ester. The biological activities of synthesized and related cyclic esters were similar to but weaker than saligenin cyclic phosphorus esters lacking a methyl group at the 4-position.
抄録全体を表示
-
Minoru AMEYAMA, Kazunobu MATSUSHITA, Emiko SHINAGAWA, Osao ADACHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2943-2950
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Gluconobacter suboxydans has a highly active respiratory chain which oxidizes several sugars and sugar alcohols. The results of this study indicate that the sugar-oxidizing respiratory chain consists of ubiquinone, several cytochromes
c and a cytochrome
o. The respiratory chain was shown to contain at least five cytochromes, including two cytochromes
c associated with alcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenase, two cytochromes
c that react with carbon monoxide and a single cytochrome
o, some of which were characterized in this study. Furthermore, several lines of evidence suggest that the respiratory chain branchs at the site of ubiquinone with KCN-sensitive and -insensitive terminal oxidases, which may correspond to cytochrome
o oxidase and an alternative oxidase consisting of a possible cytochrome
c, respectively.
抄録全体を表示
-
Hitoshi ASHIDA, Kazuki KANAZAWA, Masato NATAKE
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2951-2957
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The hepatotoxicity of orally administered secondary autoxidation products of linoleic acid was investigated, as compared with the administration of a saline solution and linoleic acid as controls. The
de novo synthesis of fatty acids was strongly reduced in the secondary products group. The level of NADPH in the liver significantly decreased while that of NADH did not. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase apparently decreased. The activities of NAD
+ kinase and NAD
+ synthetase decreased and that of NAD
+ nucleosidase increased in the secondary products group. Therefore, the depletion of NADPH can be attributed to the inhibition of two metabolic systems (an NADPH-supplemental system, and a synthetic system of NADP and NAD), and resulted in the reduction of lipogenesis in the liver.
抄録全体を表示
-
Katsumi TSUCHIYA, Tsutomu ARAI, Kazuyuki SEKI, Tetsu KIMURA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2959-2965
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Cephalosporium sp. KM388 produced two kinds of extracellular alkaline proteinases (C and D) in complex medium. Proteinases C and D were purified 263 and 195-fold, respectively, to an electrophoretically homogeneous state from the culture broth by hydrophobic adsorption on Butyl-Toyopearl 650M with 30% saturated ammonium sulfate and .chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, DEAE-Toyopearl 650 M, CM-Sepharose CL-6B, and Sephadex G-75. The molecular weights of proteinases C and D were 22, 000 and 24, 000, respectively, by gel filtration. The isoelectric points were observed as pI > 10.5 for proteinase C and pI = 3.8 for proteinase D. The pH optima for the proteolytic activity of proteinases C and D were 11 and 10, respectively. Proteinase C was unstable below pH 10 but was stabilized by Ca
2+ or Mg
2+. Proteinase D was stable above pH 7. Proteinase C was inhibited only by Hg
2+, but proteinase D was inhibited by Mn
2+ and Zn
2+ in addition to Hg
2+. Both proteinases were inhibited strongly by chymostatin, weakly by DFP and PMSF, but little by PCMB, MIA, EDTA, and SDS. These enzymes showed very high activity against BTEE but low activities against BAEE and TAME as well as Bz-ala-OMe.
抄録全体を表示
-
Hisanao TAKEUCHI, Taeko AOKI, Masaki SHODA, Keiichiro MURAMATSU
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2967-2974
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The effects of to ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA; mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5, ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, ω3)] on the growth, tissue weights and fatty acid compositions of tissue total lipids in female rats and their progeny were investigated. Female rats of the Wistar strain, weighing 77-94g, were fed a 25% casein diet containing 5% of either corn oil (control), sardine oil or PUFA ethyl ester for 8-9 weeks prior to mating, and during gestation and lactation, and then for a further 2 weeks. The progeny were weaned to the maternal diet and then the latter was administered for a further 2 weeks. Dietary changes in the body weights of the dams were not generally seen, but the body weights at birth and growth of the offspring from the females supplied with the PUFA diet were inferior compared to those of the other groups. The fertility did not differ among the dietary groups. The weights of several tissues in the dams and the progeny increased in proportion to their body weights but not that of the progeny brain, which remained" almost unchanged by the dietary fats. As to the fatty acid compositions of total lipids in the tissues, on the whole, decreased levels of ω6 fatty acids and increased percentages of ω3 fatty acids were found in the sardine and PUFA groups, the changes being greater in the PUFA group than in the sardine one. Such findings due to the feeding of PUFA were more remarkable in the progeny compared with in the dams. Eicosatrienoic acid (20:3, ω9) was almost completely undetectable in the tissue total lipids of all the dietary groups.
抄録全体を表示
-
Shigeyoshi KATOHDA, Makoto ITO, Ko SASAKI, Maki TAKAHASHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2975-2981
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Single spores of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined to distinguish changes in the synthesis and degradation of intracellular and wall carbohydrates during germination and outgrowth. Intracellular carbohydrate was fractionated into trehalose and glycogen. Trehalose degradation occurred during germination and outgrowth. The intracellular glycogen was degraded during germination and then synthesized during outgrowth. Wall carbohydrate was fractionated into glycogen, glucan and mannan. The wall glycogen and the KOH-soluble glucan were degraded during germination and then synthesized prior to and during outgrowth, respectively. The major component of the KOH-insoluble glucan in the wall is β-1, 3-glucan. The glucan and mannan were synthesized during outgrowth.
The study revealed that the development of a vegetative cell from a spore follows rapid decreases in the amounts of trehalose, glycogen and KOH-soluble glucan during germination, and great increases in the amounts of glycogen, β-1, 3-glucan and mannan during outgrowth.
抄録全体を表示
-
Yasuo TORKATA, Toshimasa YANO
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2983-2988
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The process of dehydration of soybean protein coagulate in expression involves two mechanisms, filtration and consolidation. The filtration process was explained by Ruth's filtration model. The consolidation process, except for secondary consolidation, was analyzed by the modified consolidation model of Shirato
et al., taking into account the compressibility of cake. The modified coefficient of consolidation was not affected significantly by the pressure applied. Evaluation of the modified coefficient of consolidation is of importance for an attempt to improve the current production of soybean protein.
抄録全体を表示
-
Akio KATO, Syoko MIYAZAKI, Akifumi KAWAMOTO, Kunihiko KOBAYASHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2989-2994
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The effects of phosphate residues in phosvitin on its emulsifying properties were investigated. The emulsifying properties, especially the emulsion stability, of phosvitin were much superior to those of bovine serum albumin which is an excellent emulsifier. The emulsifying activity and emulsion stability of phosvitin were greatly decreased by the partial removal of phosphate with phosphatase and by the complete removal of phosphate with alkaline treatment. In addition, the emulsifying properties were decreased by the blocking of phosphate in phosvitin with calcium ion. These results suggest that the electrostatic repulsive force of phosphate in phosvitin significantly affects its emulsifying properties.
抄録全体を表示
-
Choemon KANNO, Hiroyuki HATTORI, Kunio YAMAUCHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
2995-3001
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The light and heavy plasma membranes (PM) isolated from lactating bovine mammary glands contained 38-43% lipid of which 41-44% was phospholipid and 47-52% neutral lipid. The contents of phospholipid and neutral lipid were somewhat higher in the light PM than in the heavy PM. Cholesterol was contained 55-60% of neutral lipid and the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.64 to 0.69. Phospholipid was composed of sphingomyelin (Sph) 29-38%, phosphatidylcholine (PC) 27-35%, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) 16-20%, phosphatidylserine 10%, and phosphatidylinositol 6-7%. The content of Sph was higher in the heavy PM than in the light PM, while the values of PC and PE were opposite. The major fatty acids of lipid components were palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid and those of Sph were palmitic acid, stearic acid, C23:0 and 24:0. The fatty acid composition of individual lipid classes differed significantly from each other but were similar between the light and heavy PMs. Tetracosapentaenoic acid (C24:5) was the major fatty acid of the diacylglycerol fraction. The results indicated that the lipid composition, especially phospholipid components, of bovine mammary gland PMs was different from those of milk fat globule membranes which is derived from the PM of mammary secretory cells.
抄録全体を表示
-
Joji GOTO, Yuzuru MATSUDA, Kozo ASANO, Isao KAWAMOTO, Tohru YASUZAWA, ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3003-3009
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A new calmodulin antagonist, genistein, was isolated from the culture broth of
Streptosporangium vulgare K-254. The spectral data of K-254-I indicated that the compound was identical with genistein, 4', 5, 7-trihydroxyisoflavone. Genistein inhibited the Ca
2+/calmodulin-dependent activity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from bovine brain (IC
50=20μM) without appreciably affecting its basal activity. The inhibitory activity of genistein was antagonized by higher concentrations of calmodulin. Although phosphatidylserine did not reverse the inhibition of calmodulin, genistein inhibited the phospholipid-sensitive, Ca
2+-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) from bovine brain (IC
50=35.3μM). The activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was not affected by 700μM of genistein.
抄録全体を表示
-
Hiroyuki HATA, Sakayu SHIMIZU, Hideaki YAMADA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3011-3016
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The efficient enzymatic conversion of ketopantoyl lactone to D-(-)-pantoyl lactone was found to take place on incubation with washed cells of
Candida parapsilosis IFO 0708 or
Rhodotorula minuta IFO 0920. They showed high conversion activity when grown with 5% corn steep liquor and 5% glucose, sucrose, maltose or glycerol. Under suitable reaction conditions, the amounts of D-(-)-pantoyl lactone reached 49.5 g/l (94.4%
e.e.; molar yield, 99%) and 89.9 g/l (80.4%
e.e.; molar yield, 99%) with cells of
R. minuta and
C. parapsilosis, respectively.
抄録全体を表示
-
Keitarou SUZUKI, Mika KOSAI, Kazumi YOKOMIZO, Masaru UYEDA, Motoo SHIB ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3017-3025
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
We searched for a new cell aggregation factor, and found one we called SAF in the mycelia of a strain of
Streptomyces murinus. SAF was purified by active carbon and ion exchange column chromatographies and gel nitration of Sepharose 2B from the homogenized mycelia by sonication. SAF was stable from pH 7 to 9 at 37°C and up to 40°C at pH 8.0. The aggregation activity of SAF was maximum around pH 8.0 at 30°C, and the factor required for its activity metallic ions such as calcium and manganese. The aggregation activity of SAF was inhibited by laminarin, but it was not influenced by various other saccharides. SAF aggregated
E. coli,
S. aureus,
M. luteus, sarcoma 180, and HeLa cells as well as
S. marcescens, above all, its highest activity was toward
B. subtilis, but
P. vulgaris,
P. aeruginosa,
C. albicans, each type of human erythrocytes, and hepatoma 109A cells were quite resistant to SAF. These properties has proved that SAF is completely different from the other aggregation factors so far reported.
抄録全体を表示
-
Junichi INAGAWA, Isao KIYOSAWA, Taro NAGASAWA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3027-3032
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The effects of phytate on the hydrolysis of lactose with β-galactosidases from bovine liver and
Escherichia coli were investigated. The activities of both β-galactosidases were decreased to the same extent by increased concentrations of phytate. The rates of inhibition of β-galactosidase activity from
E. coli in a reaction mixture containing 10mM of phytate were 78.9% and 64.4%, respectively, in the absence of and with 4 mM of Mg
2+. Therefore, it was found that the stimulatory effect of Mg
2+ was hardly affected by the presence of phytate in the range from 2 to 10mM. The β-galactosidase activity was also not influenced by preincubating β-galactosidase or lactose with phytate. Kinetic studies showed that the inhibition of β-galactosidase activity by phytate was of an uncompetitive type with a
Ki value of 3.46 mM. Therefore, it is considered that phytate may interact with a complex of β-galactosidase and lactose.
抄録全体を表示
-
Masahiko SEKI, Tamon MORIYA, Kazuo MATSUMOTO
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3033-3038
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
(3
S, 4
R)-3-Methoxycarbonylamino-4-phenyl-4-butanolide (
4a) was prepared from L-aspartic acid by stereoselective reduction of ethyl (
S)-3-methoxycarbonylamino-4-oxo-4-phenyl-butyrate (
3a).
抄録全体を表示
-
Takayasu SONOYAMA, Bunji KAGEYAMA, Shigeo YAGI, Kenji MITSUSHIMA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3039-3047
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Corynebacterium sp. SHS 0007 accumulated 2-keto-L-gulonate and 2-keto-D-gluconate simultaneously with 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconate utilization. This strain, however, possibly metabolized 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconate through two pathways leading to D-gluconate as a common intermediate:
via 2-keto-D-gluconate, and
via 2-keto-L-gulonate, L-idonate and 5-keto-D-gluconate. A polysaccharidenegative, 2-keto-L-gulonate-negative and 5-keto-D-gluconate-negative mutant produced only calcium 2-keto-L-gulonate from calcium 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconate, in a 90.5mol% yield. The addition of a hydrogen donor such as D-glucose was essential for its production. This mutant possessed the direct oxidation route of D-glucose to D-gluconate, the pentose cycle pathway and a possible Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, indicating that D-glucose was metabolized through these three pathways and provided NADPH for the reduction of 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconate.
抄録全体を表示
-
Akio YASUHARA, Ginji SUGIURA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3049-3060
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Volatile components in pyroligneous liquids obtained from Karamatsu and Chishima-sasa. were extracted, fractionated into neutral/basic and acidic fractions, and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the neutral/basic fraction, 118 components were identified. Cyclic and acyclic ketones, pyridine derivatives, pyrazine derivatives and furan derivatives were important odorous components. Sixty-nine compounds were identified in the acidic fraction. The main groups were carboxylic acids and phenol compounds. The concentrations of alkyl phenols were almost the same between Karamatsu and Chishima-sasa, but there were large differences in the contents of 2-methoxyphenol derivatives and 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol derivatives between them.
抄録全体を表示
-
Ryozo NAKAI, Sueharu HORINOUCHI, Takeshi UOZUMI, Teruhiko BEPPU
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3061-3065
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
An alkalophilic
Streptomyces strain, KSM-9, producing extracellular cellulases was isolated from soil. Three kinds of cellulases that preferentially hydrolyzed carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were purified from the strain and designated as CMCase I, II and III. The optimum pH of CMCase I (
Mr, 32, 000) is 8.5 while those of CMCase II (
Mr, 32, 500) and III (
Mr, 92, 000) are at around pH 6.0. CMCase I hydrolyzed CMC in a more random fashion than the other two enzymes.
抄録全体を表示
-
Eiji NIWA, En-Sheng CHEN, Satoshi KANOH, Teruo NAKAYAMA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3067-3071
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The linearity of the stress-strain relationship for food gel is limited to a very narrow range of the strain (usually less than 0.1 as a Cauchy measure). The reason is thought due to the change in cross-sectional area of the gel upon deformation. In this report, the cross-sectional area was approximately corrected of the compressed gel on the assumption that the gel expanded uniformly without changing its volume upon compression. In cases when the initial Young's modulus was calculated from the thus-corrected area for some food gels, the linearity was increased for a wider range of strain.
抄録全体を表示
-
Kohei ODA, Takanori NAKAZIMA, Takao TERASHITA, Ken-ichiro SUZUKI, Sawa ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3073-3080
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A S-PI(Pepstatin Ac)-insensitive carboxyl proteinase was found in culture filtrate of a
Xanthomonas sp. bacterium. The carboxyl proteinase was highly purified and about 100mg of the enzyme was obtained from 601 of culture filtrate, with a recovery of 25%. The optimum condition for the action of the purified enzyme toward casein was approx. pH 2.7 and its activity was not inhibited by any of such carboxyl proteinase inhibitors as Pepstatin, S-PI, and DAN but EPNP inhibited it. Such behavior of the enzyme against inhibitors resembles that of
Pseudomonas sp. carboxyl proteinase, the first found from a bacterium. Some differences were observed, however, in their properties such as optimum pH, isoelectric point, and amino acid composition.
抄録全体を表示
-
Keun-Hyung PARK, Takao YOKOTA, Akira SAKURAI, Nobutaka TAKAHASHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3081-3086
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The rice lamina inclination test indicated the presence of brassinosteroid-like active substances in immature
Vicia faba seeds. Two of these were identified as castasterone and brassinolide by GC/MS and GC/SIM, respectively. Another active principle was identified as methyl 4-chloroindole-3-acetate by GC/MS and HPLC.
抄録全体を表示
-
Hideyuki TANAKA, Yasuo NAKATOMI, Masaji OGURA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3087-3093
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The metabolic fates of the carbon skeletons of [U-
14C]glycine and L-[U-
14C]threonine were investigated in growing rats fed with diets containing different percentages of protein calories (0, 5, 10, 15, and 30PC%) at 4100 kcal of metabolizable energy per kg of diet.
The incorporation of
14C into the body protein at 12 hr after the injection of
14C-glycine was about 58% of the dose in rats fed with the 10 or 15 PC% diet, and the values were reduced in both the lower and higher PC% groups. A considerable amount of
14C was recovered in the soluble fraction, and it was attributed to labeled glycine and serine in the free amino acid pools of the tissues.
The incorporation of
14C into the body protein from
14C-threonine was extremely high in the dietary groups of 0 to 10 PC%, and it decreased in the 30PC% group. Conversely, the expired
14CO
2 production was much less until the dietary protein level reached at 10PC%, and it increased with higher PC% in the diets. The change in the activity of hepatic threonine dehydratase in rats fed diets with increasing protein levels was similar to that of the expired
14CO
2 production from
14C-threonine.
These results indicate that, though the metabolic patterns for glycine and threonine differ from each other, their responses to dietary protein levels change at 10 to 15 PC%, where the growth rate reached its approximate maximum.
抄録全体を表示
-
Soji SUZUKI, Akira TANAKA, Kyohei YAMASHITA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3095-3098
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The synthesis and biological activity of (±)-pyrenolide B (
1) and related compounds are described. The known (
Z)-2-decen-9-olide (
7) prepared
via decan-9-olide (
6) from 2-ethoxycarbonylcyclononanone (
4) was converted to
9 by the deconjugative process, which, upon oxidation with
m-chloroperbenzoic acid, led to the epoxy lactone
10. Base-promoted epoxide ring opening of
10 and subsequent oxidation furnished keto lactone
8, which, on treatment with phenylselenenyl chloride and subsequent oxidative elimination, provided (±)-pyrenolide B (
1). The antimicrobial activity of (±)-
1,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10a,
10b and
11a was examined against fungi and yeast.
抄録全体を表示
-
Atsushi ENOMOTO, Yoshikazu AOKI, Jun-ichi KURISAKI, Shuichi KAMINOGAWA ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3099-3106
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Two monoclonal antibodies (
mAb 41B3 and
mAb 51B3), directed against hen's egg ovomucoid (OM) and different from those we previously reported (
mAb 23E5 and
mAb 32A8), were prepared and purified. A competitive radioimmunoassay using
125I-labeled OM showed that both
mAb 41B3 and
mAb 51B3 could bind all three homologous domains (domains I (DI), II (DII) and III (DIII)) of OM and that they reacted most efficiently with DIII. To analyze the paratope specificities of these four mAbs, a sandwich assay and a competitive radioimmunoassay were done. Only the pair
mAb 41B3 and
mAb 51B3 could not simultaneously bind the OM or domains in the sandwich assay. Only
mAb 41B3 inhibited the binding of
mAb 51B3 to antigens and
vice versa in the competitive radioimmunoassay. These results suggest that
mAb 41B3 and
mAb 51B3 recognized a closely related site distinct from the epitopes for
mAb 23E5 or
mAb 32A8. These mAbs may be useful for general studies on epitopes of protein antigens as well as for analyses of the antigenic determinants of OM.
抄録全体を表示
-
Kinya UCHIDA, Shoji MIZUSHIMA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3107-3114
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A simple procedure for the isolation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides was developed. The method consists of the following three steps; recovery of lipopolysaccharides in an insoluble form together with denatured proteins in a hot MgCl
2-Triton X-100 solution (step 1), solubilization with EDTA-Triton X-100 (step 2) and precipitation with MgCl
2 (step 3). A good yield of lipopolysaccharides was obtained with most of the
Pseudomonas strains tested. Although the yield was lower with strains belonging to
Salmonella and
Escherichia, irrespective of whether they are smooth-type or rough-type strains, the amounts obtained from 100mg of cells as dry weight were sufficient for detailed chemical characterization. The gel-electrophoretic profiles of the lipopolysaccharides prepared by the present method were essentially the same as those of the lipopolysaccharides prepared by the conventional phenol-water method. The method allowed us to prepare lipopolysaccharides from a large number of bacterial strains in one day.
抄録全体を表示
-
Kazuo MIYASHITA, Toru TAKAGI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3115-3118
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The tocopherol content of twelve species of Japanese algae were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Phaeophyta showed higher total tocopherol content than Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta. In five species of algae, α-tocopherol was the principal (> 90%) type of tocopherol. Other species contained about 10-50% of non-α-tocopherols. Three species contained relatively high percentages (>5%) of β-tocopherol, although no evidence was previously reported for the presence of β-tocopherol in algae.
Analipus japonicus and
Pelvetia wrightii contained approximately equal amounts of δ-tocopherol and α-tocopherol.
The total tocopherol contents of
Hizikia fusiforme and
A. japonicus increased seasonally with the growth of their thalluses. These seasonal increases were associated wiht the photosynthetic activities of these algae. In the period of maturation, the total tocopherol content of
A. japonicus increased rapidly. This was caused by an increase in the δ-tocopherol content.
抄録全体を表示
-
Tsutomu IKEDA, Katsuko NIINO, Jiro KATAOKA, Takashi MATSUMOTO
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3119-3124
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
To obtain basic information of the production of anti-plant-viral protein by
Mirabilis jalapa cells in suspension culture, the cultural conditions, especially the nutritional ones, for MAP formation and cell growth were investigated. It was found MAP formation was greatly repressed by a high concentration of 2, 4-D and the addition of cytokinin. The concentration of nitrogen sources, phosphate, and CaCl
2 had marked effect. Revised medium was prepared due to the corresponding optimum concentration obtained from our investigations. MAP productivity in the revised medium became twice that in the basal medium. Changes in MAP content were also examined during successive subculturing. It was recognized that MAP content increased in the early generations, then decreased slowly during subculturings.
抄録全体を表示
-
Yoritaka AOYAMA, Eri OHMURA, Akira YOSHIDA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3125-3131
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The effects of dietary composition on lipids in serum and in liver of rats fed with a cystine-excess diet were investigated.
When starch was used as the carbohydrate source, the addition of excess-cystine caused an increase in serum cholesterol and phospholipids, and hepatomegaly. Phospholipids in serum of rats fed with a cystine-excess diet containing 5% corn oil were higher than those with a cystine-excess diet that was low in corn oil (0.1%). The addition of konjac mannan and pectin prevented hypercholesterolemia, and the rise in phospholipids in serum was prevented by the addition of konjac mannan.
Liver cholesterol (mg/liver/100g of body wt.) increased in rats fed with a cystine-excess diet.
The addition of excess cystine to a diet containing sucrose as the carbohydrate source resulted in a marked increase of cholesterol in serum and liver, and a decrease of serum triglycerides.
The replacement of starch by sucrose in the cystine-excess diet increased liver cholesterol.
Lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides in the liver, but not phospholipids, when expressed as mg per g of liver for rats fed with the diets containing sucrose, increased when compared to those for rats fed with the diets containing starch. In contrast, serum triglycerides increased.
抄録全体を表示
-
Tetsuo HAMAMOTO, Koki HORKOSHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3133-3135
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Michihiro SUGAHARA, Takatsugu HATTORI, Taiji NAKAJIMA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3137
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Masaharu ISHII, Yasuo IGARASHI, Tohru KODAMA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3139-3141
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Yoko IKURA, Koki HORIKOSHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3143-3145
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Haruhiko YOKOI, Takashi WATANABE, Hiroshi ONISHI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3147-3149
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
MAUNG WIN, Masaru MATSUO, Tsuneo YASUI
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3151-3152
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Mitsuo MIYAZAWA, Hiromu KAMEOKA
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3153-3154
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Takashi IDE, Masaharu HORII
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3155-3157
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Setsuo FURUYOSHI, Toru NAKAYAMA, Nobuyoshi ESAKI, Harumi TAKADA, Hideh ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3159-3160
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Hiroshi TANAKA, Masamichi TAKAGI, Keiji YANO
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3161-3163
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Takashi KAMAKURA, Kaori KOBAYASHI, Teruo TANAKA, Isamu YAMAGUCHI, Toyo ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3165-3168
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Kenji YAMAMOTO, Jian-Qiang FAN, Setsu KADOWAKI, Hidehiko KUMAGAI, Tats ...
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3169-3171
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
-
Yuzuru SANEMITSU, Masao SHIROSHITA, Kiyoto MAEDA, Satoru INOUE
1987 年 51 巻 11 号 p.
3173-3175
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー