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Akira Takahashi, Hisashi Tanaka, Nobutsugu Minami, Masato Kurihara, To ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
69-73
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 25, 2014
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Supplementary material
We demonstrated the simultaneous enhancement of two properties of Prussian blue, Cs-adsorption performance and magnetization, using only thermal partial oxidation. The Cs-adsorption performance and magnetic properties of ammonium iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) (AFCF)
n-hydrate, NH
4Fe[Fe(CN)
6]
1−y·
zH
2O, were investigated before and after heating at 240 °C for 60 min. Both the distribution coefficient in Cs-adsorption,
Kd, and the magnetic susceptibility were enhanced by as much as three times. The adsorption improvement is attributed to a partial structural change accompanying the increase of [Fe(CN)
6] vacancies, whereas the change of 50% of Fe into the form of FeO
x enhanced the susceptibility. The obtained magnetic adsorbent is applicable for Cs uptake from radioactive Cs wastewater using magnetic separation.
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Takeshi Matsumoto, Hirokazu Yano, Masanori Wakizaka, Atsushi Kobayashi ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
74-83
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: October 03, 2014
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Supplementary material
The reactions of [Mo
II2(OAc)
4] (OAc
−: acetato) with catecholato derivatives (R-Cat
2−), possessing electron-donating
t-Bu groups (3,6-DTBCat
2−) or electron-withdrawing Br groups (Br
4Cat
2−), results in the formation of a mononuclear complex [Na(THF)
6][Mo
V(3,6-DTBCat)
3] (
1) and a dinuclear complex either [Na
6(Br
4SQ)
2][Mo
IV2(µ-O)
2(Br
4Cat)
4] or [Na
6(Br
4Cat)
2][Mo
V2(µ-O)
2(Br
4Cat)
4] (
3). Complex
3 has a [Mo(µ-O)
2Mo] core as part of a dimer of [O=Mo
m(Br
4Cat)
2]
n− (
m = IV or V,
n = 2 or 1) moieties assembled in a head-to-tail arrangement, which has been structurally characterized as the a bis-µ-oxo molybdenum dinuclear complex containing catecholato ligands. The bond distance between the Mo atoms (2.4286(17) Å) strongly suggests that a Mo
IV=Mo
IV or Mo
V–Mo
V bonding character exists in
3. Differences in the substituent groups on the catecholato ligand affect not only the product formed but also the reactivity of both complexes. Complex
3 shows O-atom abstraction reactivity with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and forms dimethyl sulfide (DMS). These results support a high oxophilicity of the Mo center in
3.
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Daisuke Matsukuma, Hirohmi Watanabe, Aya Fujimoto, Kentaro Uesugi, Aki ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
84-88
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
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Supplementary material
We have demonstrated that the liquid/solid interfacial structure of liquid marbles is determined by the surface–interface interaction between the encapsulating particles and liquid droplet. X-ray computerized tomography (X-ray CT) confirmed that the decrease of the solid-over-liquid spreading coefficient (
SS/L) allowed the particles to be submerged in the liquid. Moreover, the difference in interfacial structure had a strong effect on the dynamic mechanical stability of liquid marbles. Two liquid marbles only merged upon contact when at least one liquid marble had a small
SS/L value. X-ray CT observations also revealed that the liquid at the solid/liquid interface did not interdiffuse easily.
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Debabrata Jana, Binay K. Ghorai
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
89-96
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 08, 2014
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Supplementary material
Three new 9-arylanthracene-based π-conjugated derivatives with different side substituent (methyl, methoxy, and hexyloxy) were synthesized using Heck coupling/Horner–Emmons reaction in good yields (72–78%) and their photophysical properties investigated. The dependence of the photophysical properties on the side substituent methyl, methoxy, and hexyloxy has been discussed. The absorption maxima of the synthesized compounds in the solution possess similar absorption bands located at 420–423 nm. They are shown to be thermally stable and emit light in sky blue region (ca. 490 nm) in solution. Photoluminescence measurements show a 25–28 nm red shift between solution and powdered states indicated some aggregation in the solid state. The results of cyclic voltammetry measurements of the compounds show good reversibility, indicating that the compounds have good electrochemical stability.
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Stephen J. Barigye, Yovani Marrero-Ponce, Jure Zupan, Facundo Pé ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
97-109
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 08, 2014
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Supplementary material
The underlying structural and physicochemical interpretation of the recently defined information indices (denominated as GT-STAF indices) is examined, with the aim of gaining greater insight on the codified chemical information. It is found that these indices are related with molecular symmetry in the context of the defined molecular “fragment” model. Moreover, these indices are sensitive to structural differences, demonstrating gradual changes consistent with modifications in the molecular structure. A principal component analysis reveals that the GT-STAF indices generally codify conformational, physicochemical, and thermodynamic properties of amino acids. A study with aniline derivatives demonstrates that the GT-STAF indices do not directly correlate with the ionization constant (p
Ka); but rather require multivariate contributions to yield correlations comparable with univariate models for quantum chemical parameters, suggesting that the former codify some other form of electronic information orthogonal to the latter. Finally, an evaluation of atomic contributions to the molecular hydrophobicity in furylethylenes demonstrates that the GT-STAF approach generally approximates to chemical properties quite well.
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Junxi Liang, Qiong Su, Yanbin Wang, Zhiyuan Geng
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
110-116
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 10, 2014
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Supplementary material
Electronic structure theory calculations, using MP2 theory and the DFT functionals B3LYP, BHandHLYP, and M05-2X, were performed to characterize the structures, vibrational frequencies, and energies for stationary points on the S
N2 reaction of IO
− + CH
3Cl potential energy surface (PES). The aug-cc-pVDZ basis for C, H, O, and Cl, with an effective core potential (ECP) for iodine, were employed. Single-point CCSD(T) calculations were performed to obtain the complete basis set (CBS) limit for the reaction energies, which were chosen as a benchmark for accuracy of the MP2 and DFT energies. Our results suggest that MP2 and DFT predict the same mechanism on PES, with an exception in the S
N2-induced elimination channel. DFT/M05-2X functional is able to give competitive results with respect to the MP2 method for the reactions with S
N2 pattern, in which M05-2X results are in good agreement with CCSD(T)/CBS calculations on the whole. In contrast, DFT/BHandHLYP belongs to a better functional for calculations of the S
N2-induced elimination channel featured by the H-atom transfer pattern. Moreover, the difference in the MP2 and DFT values for the characters of the reaction of IO
− with CH
3Cl was further analyzed in detail by the activation strain model and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.
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Yasuyuki Doi, Masaaki Haneda, Masakuni Ozawa
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
117-123
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
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The effect of CeO
2 additive on the catalytic performance of Ba–Y
2O
3 prepared by coprecipitaion for the direct decomposition of NO was investigated. Although Ba–Y
2O
3 effectively catalyzed NO decomposition, its activity was clearly increased by addition of CeO
2. The optimum CeO
2 content was 10 mol %. CO
2-TPD measurement revealed that the addition of CeO
2 into Ba–Y
2O
3 caused an increase in the CO
2 desorption peak in the temperature range of 473 and 723 K derived from highly dispersed Ba species. The predominant role of CeO
2 additive was suspected to effectively create the highly dispersed Ba species as catalytically active sites. Kinetic studies of NO decomposition on Ba–CeO
2(10)–Y
2O
3 suggested that coexisting O
2 suppresses the NO decomposition reaction by competitive adsorption. Isotopic transient kinetic analysis suggested a reaction pathway in which the surface NO
x adspecies act as reaction intermediates for the formation of N
2 in NO decomposition over Ba–CeO
2–Y
2O
3. We concluded that CeO
2 additive does not directly participate in the NO decomposition reaction as catalytically active species.
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Mohammad Mydul Alam, Kimiko Hashimoto, Chihiro Yamaguchi, Shin-ichi Yu ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
124-126
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 25, 2014
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Supplementary material
Zinc borate hollow nanospheres with diameter of 30 ± 2 nm have been fabricated by using polymeric micelles of poly(styrene-
block-acrylic acid) (PS-
b-PAA) as a template. The polymer forms spherical micelles with PS-core and PAA-corona in aqueous solutions, which shows pH-dependent behavior. Zinc borate hollow nanospheres shrink during calcination. FTIR measurements confirm that the template polymer was completely removed during calcination.
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Motoi Machida, Shimeng Chensun, Yoshimasa Amano, Fumio Imazeki
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
127-132
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 12, 2014
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A commercially available activated carbon (AC) was oxidized using 1 M H
2SO
4 solution containing 2 M (NH
4)
2S
2O
8 oxidant with the solution to carbon ratio of 50 cm
3 g
−1 by changing oxidation period ranging 1 to 10 days at ambient temperatures of 20 or 30 °C to introduce carboxy groups onto the carbon surface to capture Pb(II) ions. Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was also examined with the oxidized ACs. The Pb(II) ion adsorption progressed via ion exchange with protons of carboxy groups bound to graphite and 2.2 mmol g
−1 of Pb(II) could be accommodated at equilibrium pH above 4.0 for ACs oxidized for at least 10 days at 20 °C and 4 days at 30 °C. Decrease in specific surface area and yield and increase in oxygen and hydrogen content in ACs also observed during the (NH
4)
2S
2O
8 treatment implied that the oxidation could convert graphite sheets to smaller size by hydrolysis while many carboxy groups would be introduced to the peripherals of the graphite sheets to scavenge Pb(II) ions.
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Yoshio Nakahara, Masahiro Hayashizaki, Mitsuru Watanabe, Toshiyuki Tam ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
133-138
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 29, 2014
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Supplementary material
Up to date, the development of TiO
2 nanoparticles with well-defined morphology, crystallinity, and high solvent dispersibility has been still a big challenge. In this study, monodisperse and spherical SiO
2@TiO
2 core–shell nanoparticles, whose diameter was 20.7 ± 2.7 nm, with anatase-type crystallinity and high aqueous dispersibility were fabricated by a simple and facile method combing a sol–gel reaction using tetrabutyl orthotitanate as a precursor in the presence of colloidal SiO
2 nanoparticles and a very mild crystallization process of the TiO
2 layer. Transmission electron microscope measurements showed that the size and shape of the obtained core–shell nanoparticles were considerably uniform. The anatase crystallinity of the TiO
2 layer on the particle surface was endowed by heating at 100 °C in the acidic aqueous solution under atmospheric pressure. Also, they maintained high aqueous dispersibility even after the crystallization process. Most importantly, their photocatalytic ability towards methylene blue was comparable to that of commercially available pure TiO
2 nanoparticles. The SiO
2@TiO
2 core–shell nanoparticles developed in this study are highly expected to be membranous materials for very thin TiO
2 films due to their high aqueous dispersibility and shape homogeneity.
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Souichirou Kawazoe, Takayuki Suzuki, Hirofumi Nakamura, Toshiyuki Sugi ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
139-145
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 19, 2014
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Supplementary material
We describe an alternative route for the synthesis of β
3-adrenergic receptor agonist (
S)-2-(2-phenylamino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4′-{2-[(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)amino]ethyl}acetanilide (
1). The key intermediate (
S)-1-{[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]amino}-3-phenoxypropan-2-ol monohydrochloride (
2) was condensed with 2-(2-phenylamino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetic acid (
3) using 1-ethyl-3-(3′-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI·HCl) to give
1 as a product of chemoselective amide formation on the aromatic amine moiety. This synthetic route was successfully applied to kilogram-scale preparation without purification via chromatography.
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Ryukichi Takagi, Kenji Tanaka, Koumei Yamamoto, Yoshikazu Hiraga, Sato ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
146-148
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 19, 2014
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Supplementary material
Construction of macrocyclic trienes by diene-ene RCM of tetraenes was examined. In the reactions, macrocyclic trienes were obtained as a mixture of two isomers with
E,
Z-configured 1,3-diene moiety. The formation of two isomers can be understandable by the
E–
Z isomerization of the initially generated ruthenium–alkenyl carbene intermediate.
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Keiji Kinoshita, Takashi Kawakami, Shohei Yoshimura, Toru Saito, Yasut ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
149-161
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 22, 2014
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Phenalenyl, zethrene, and extended zethrene molecules were employed to study the change in electronic properties of graphene surfaces upon exposure to oxygen atmosphere. These hydrocarbons are the smallest systems that can be used to evaluate intermolecular interaction with triplet oxygen molecules. The phenalenyl radical can simulate the radical nature of an edge structure and defect site of graphene sheets. Zethrene and extended zethrene molecules (
n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4), which possess open-singlet diradical character, are also good models for studying chemisorption phenomena. From the calculated results for phenalenyl, the reaction path from the dissociation limit to the final products was found with chemisorbed structures (
SS1 and
SS2) and transition states (
TS1,
TS2, and
TS3). Calculated adsorption energies were 7.72 (
SS1) and 6.58 (
SS2) kcal mol
−1. An oxygen molecule can form a contact with phenalenyl radical in a weak chemisorption process, which is endothermic and has very low energy barriers to transition states. For the zethrene series, the diradical character index
y, used to describe coupling between two radical spins, was evaluated using the broken symmetry approach. The values were 0.00, 0.01, 0.10, 0.23, and 0.32, for
n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Although diradical nature was absent in ordinary zethrene, other extended zethrene molecules exhibited diradical character. The radical spin induced in phenalenyl unit A can contribute to the chemisorption of triplet oxygen molecules. The calculated adsorption energy for the first O
2 adsorption onto heptazethrene was 5.38 kcal mol
−1. Concomitantly, the radical electron on unit B revived and played an important role in the radical activity. The required adsorption energy for the second O
2 adsorption became lower at −0.64 kcal mol
−1.
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Masashi Hatanaka
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
162-172
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 26, 2014
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Supplementary material
Structures of amidinourea–metal complexes have been obscured by subtle tautomerism and crystal waters. To clarify the most stable form of the tautomers, bis(amidinourea)copper(II) anhydride and the alkyl derivatives were synthesized under basic conditions, and the stability of the CuN
2O
2 chromophore was suggested. From substituent effects of chelations, UV–vis spectra, IR/Raman spectra, and DFT calculations, it was suggested that the bis(amidinourea)copper(II) has a CuN
2O
2 chromophore, not CuN
4 chromophore. The mutual exclusion rule of IR/Raman spectra supported the
trans-CuN
2O
2 chromophore. Systematic calculations on bis(amidinourea)–Cu(II), –Ni(II), –Pd(II), –Zn(II), and –Cd(II) chelates revealed that the robust stability of CuN
2O
2 chromophores originates from quasi aromaticity in the six-membered chelate rings.
cis- or
trans-CuN
4 stability reported in the early references is suspicious.
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Miku Gotou, Tomiyuki Arakawa, Nobuaki Watanabe, Takatoshi Hara, Tatsuy ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
173-175
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 24, 2014
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Cu–Mo composites have been expected to be materials of heat sinks in electron devices. We have formed Cu–Mo composites by electrodeposition. Molybdenum content in Cu–Mo composites formed by using Na
2MoO
4 was larger than that in ones formed by using H
3(PMo
12O
40). Molybdenum content, over 30 wt % in Cu–Mo composites was obtained.
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Tzu-Rong Su, Zuo-Jian Liao, Mei-Chin Lu, Yu-Jen Wu, Jui-Hsin Su
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
176-182
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 26, 2014
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Supplementary material
Six new monocarbocyclic sesterterpenoids, luffalides A–F
1–
6, together with four known sesterterpenes
7–
10, were isolated from a marine sponge
Luffariella sp. The structures of compounds
1–
6 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis (NMR and CD) and comparison of the spectroscopic data with those of known analogues. Among these new metabolites, compounds
1–
5 are rarely found in monocarbocyclic sesterterpenoids possessing a 1-isopropenyl-2-methylcyclopentane ring system. Evaluation of the cytotoxicities showed that compound
10 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HL-60, MOLT-4 and K-562 cell lines, with IC
50 values of 0.54, 0.32, and 0.96 µM, respectively. Moreover, compound
9 also showed significant HL-60 and MOLT-4 inhibitory activity, with IC
50 values of 1.87 and 1.13 µM.
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Takayuki Hoshi, Junpei Miyake, Masahiro Watanabe, Kenji Miyatake
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
183-191
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: September 26, 2014
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A novel series of poly(arylene ether sulfone ketone) multiblock copolymers containing sulfonic acid and bromine groups in the hydrophilic blocks were synthesized and characterized. The copolymers were high molecular weight (
Mn = 21–98 kDa,
Mw = 234–357 kDa) and provided bendable and transparent membranes by solution casting. The bromine groups caused slight decrease in the proton conductivity at low humidity, however, were effective in improving the mechanical properties as confirmed by dynamic mechanical analyses and tensile tests.
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Shinji Toyota, Sayaka Karashima, Tetsuo Iwanaga
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
192-199
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: October 10, 2014
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Supplementary material
New extended π-conjugated compounds with two 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene units and various linkers were synthesized by one-shot double-elimination reactions and Sonogashira coupling. Their UV–vis and fluorescence spectra were measured to evaluate the effects of the linkers on the π-conjugation. Their photophysical properties are discussed in terms of structures and molecular orbitals obtained by DFT calculations.
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Shigeru Sasaki, Takayasu Yamauchi, Masatomi Kanai, Akihiro Ishii, Kimi ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
200-208
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: October 20, 2014
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Bisoxazoline (BOX)-catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of diethyl zinc to fluorinated alkyl ketones successfully afforded enantioenriched fluorinated alkyl tertiary alcohols. The effect of the size of the substituent on the oxazoline ring on the stereoselectivity of the reaction was investigated. Furthermore, the enantioselectivity could be reversed by altering the BOX bridge structure while retaining the C-4 substituent on the oxazoline ring.
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Somaieh Miandari, Majid Jafarian, Mohammad Ghasem Mahjani, Ashraf Heid ...
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
209-216
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: October 20, 2014
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Electrochemical deposition and characterization of PbS nanocrystals on Pb electrodes in alkaline solution containing thiourea are carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods respectively. The diffusion coefficient of electroactive species (Pb
+2) at the synthetic potential −0.36 V/SCE is investigated in different alkaline media. The analysis of PbS crystals using X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the average of crystalline size and the lattice constant parameter are approximately 39.04 and 0.5948 nm respectively. Also, the morphology of surface was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). This work focuses on EIS extraction of Mott–Schottky plots and calculation of several important parameters including Debye length (
LD), carrier density (
ND), and flat band potential (
Efb) for PbS. The parameters are calculated as 3.40 × 10
−8 cm, 8.65 × 10
19 cm
−3, and 0.035 V/NHE respectively in the dark. The comparison of these values in the dark and under light provides some insights into the charge transfer. The increase in the charge transfer resistance (
Rct) in the dark with respect to under illumination and the confirmation of the presence of surface states in the n-type PbS are some of the obtained results.
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Naoki Imazu, Tsuyohiko Fujigaya, Naotoshi Nakashima
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
217-221
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
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Supplementary material
To fabricate transparent conducting films (TCFs) for electronic devices, both a high conductivity and thermal stability are significant issues due to the need for a high temperature annealing process. In this report, we describe the preparation of a highly transparent (94% transmittance), conductive (surface resistivity: 354 Ω sq
−1) and thermally stable double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) film without adding any chemical doping or rinsing. Such film was obtained by a simple dilution and condensation/filtration process (DC/F). The procedure is quite simple, and thus large scalability is easy.
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Kazuhiro Nakabayashi, Masaya Yamada, Hideharu Mori
2015 Volume 88 Issue 1 Pages
222-226
Published: January 15, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: January 15, 2015
Advance online publication: October 28, 2014
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Supplementary material
We demonstrated the efficient synthesis of naphthalene bisimide (NBI)-based acceptor polymers by palladium-catalyzed direct arylation, which was a more environmentally friendly and efficient method for the synthesis of conjugated polymers compared to conventional cross-coupling reactions. The direct arylation between our designed thiophene-extended NBI-based monomer and 3,4-dimethylthiophene was successfully carried out to yield the desired NBI-based acceptor polymer (PNBI3T-Dr) with a high molecular weight (
Mn > 30000,
Mw ≈ 90000) in relatively high yield. The optimal direct arylation could afford the NBI-based acceptor polymer with a higher molecular weight in a shorter reaction time than conventional Stille coupling. Furthermore, grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) analysis revealed that the as-spun PNBI3T-Dr thin film had π–π stacked nanostructure.
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