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Volume 51, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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I. Isolation and Characterization of O-β-2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-galactose and O-α-2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-galactoseZENSAKU YOSIZAWA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBlood group A mucopolysaccharide prepared from hog gastric mucus was hydrazinolyzed, and the 2-amino sugar-contain-ing substances which were obtained after acid hydrolysis of the hydrazinolyzed product were N-acetylated.
Fractionation of the N-acetylated 2-amino sugar-containing compounds on cellulose powder columns and charcoal columns resulted in isolation of two crystalline oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides I and II.
Oligosaccharides I and II were characterized and the structure of these compounds has been fully established on the basis of the analytical data, the values of sodium metaperiodate oxidation and their physical properties: Oligosaccharide I is O-β-2 acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3) -D-galactose and Oligosaccharide II is O-α-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-galactose.
This investigation was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education through the Grant Com-mittee for Scientific Research.View full abstractDownload PDF (2496K) -
HISAYUKI ISHIKURA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 12-20
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter streptolysin S' was formed with the resting cell system of Streptococcus pyogenes, the purification of the hemolysin from the medium was attempted. The results are as follows:
1. Ethanol fractionation, RNase T1 di-gestion, and Ecteola-cellulose column chromatography of the hemolysin formed in the presence of RNase I core were carried out. By these procedures, the separation of hemolysin from inactive oligonucleotide could not be attained.
2. Ecteola-cellulose column chromatography of streptolysin S' formed in the presence of the oligonucleotide fraction with high hemolysin forming activity obtained from RNase I core was carried out. The hemolysin was eluted with the salt concentration higher than 0.3M in the same way as the oligonucleotide fraction used for the toxin formation.
3. In gel filtration of streptolysin S', hemolytic fraction was eluted in the fraction which moved at a faster rate through the dextran gel column also in the same way as the oligonucleotide fraction used for the toxin formation.
4. In starch zone electrophoresis, streptolysin S' showed a slightly slower mobility than inactive oligonucleotide, and the almost complete separation of them was attained. A small peak, or shoulder, was observed without fail at the site of hemolytic fraction on the curve obtained from the optical density at 260mμ. In the fraction with highest hemolytic unit per optical density at 260mμ was about 40, 000.
5. The purified fraction was digested by some proteolytic or other enzymes. The hemolytic activity was lost by chymotrypsin and Nagarse, but not by trypsin, as reported by the previous authors in the experiments with the crude hemolysin preparation.
From these results, it was concluded that streptolysin S' is probably composed of oligonucleotide and protein, or peptide.
The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to Prof. F. Egami for his guidance and encourage-ment during this work. The expense of this study was defrayed in part by a grant from the Ministry of Education.View full abstractDownload PDF (502K) -
II. Effects of Delipidation of Serum on CCLF-ReactionICHIRO HARA, KYOKO HOTTA, KOSAKU YAMANO, YOSHIO MATSUMOTO, MASAHARU KU ...1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 21-26
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Delipidation of sera or ascites weakened or abolished the positive CCLF reaction.
2. Addition of lecithin or cephalin to the delipided sera or ascites could not restore the positive CCLF reactions.
3. Differences between CCLF reaction and the serological reaction of cardiolipinlecithin antigen were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (339K) -
SHONOSUKE SAGISAKA, KENSUKE SHIMURA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 27-31
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The reaction of dehydropiperidine carboxylic acid with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde was adopted as a basis for a quantitative, photometric determination of the compound.
2. A quantitative color development was attained in the presence of 0.056M of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in 0.04M phosphate buffer of pH 7 by heating the reaction mixture for twenty minutes.
3. Under these conditions a number of common amino acids including α-aminoadipic acid, piperidine-2-carboxylic acid and piperidone carboxylic acid gave no significant color. The applicability of this method to the determination of Δ1-piperidine-6-carboxylic acid, a cyclized form of α-aminoadipic acid-δ-semialdehyde, and of an intermediary compound in lysine biosynthesis from α-aminoadipic acid was demonstrated in both enzymatic system and intact cells of yeast.View full abstractDownload PDF (285K) -
SAKAE KATOH, IRIE SHIRATORI, ATUSI TAKAMIYA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 32-40
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Plastocyanin, a non-autooxidizable copper protein, has been isolated from spinach leaves and extensively purified by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose.
2. Electrophoretic analysis indicated an acidic nature of the protein, with an isoelectric point below pH 4.0. The molecular weight was calculated to be 21, 000 from the values for the sedimentation and diffusion constants.
3. Oxidized plastocyanin shows three absorption bands in the visible and far red regions at 460, 597 and 770mμ, which completely disappear on reduction. The absorption spectrum in the ultraviolet region was characterized by the presence of vibrational fine structure bands due to the amino acid constituents of the protein.
4. Plastocyanin shows a constant oxidation-reduction potential of 0.37 volt. between pH 5.4 and 9.9. At more acidic pH below pH 5.4, it increases at a rate of 0.06 volt. per pH.
5. Plastocyanin contains 0.58 per cent of copper, which gives a minimal molecular weight of 10, 800. The blue color of the oxidized protein is found to. be due to the copper in a cupric combination with the protein moiety.
6. The amino acid composition of plastocyanin was determined. It was found that the protein contains glycine, glutamic and aspartic acids in a large amount, but lacks arginine and tryptophan. A little amount of carbohydrate was also detected in the acid hydrolyzate of the protein.
This paper is dedicated to Prof. Hiroshi Tamiya to celebrate his 60th birthday, the 5th January, 1963.
The authors wish to express their cordial thanks to Dr. K. Iwai of this department, for his kind help in conducting the amino acid analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (611K) -
III. Conversion of Hemoglobin to Choleglobin by Rat Liver PreparationsGORDON C. MILLS1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 41-47
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRat liver slices and homogenates have been utilized to investigate possible mechanisms for the initiation of hemoglobin break-down. These studies provide evidence that hemoglobin breakdown in these in vitro systems depends, to a considerable extent, upon the presence in these preparations, of purine compounds which yield hydrogen peroxide in the process of catabolism. This enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide, in addition to ascorbic acid and other dialyzable compounds which will undergo coupled oxidation with oxyhemoglobin, provides an explanation for the hemoglobin destruction by liver homogenates or slices. The possible significance of these mechanisms in the breakdown of hemoglobin in vivo is discussed.
The author wishes to acknowledge the technical assistance of Mrs. Freddie Craven Hill and Mr. Gayland Steubing in carrying out these studies.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
XLI. Isolation of a New Bile Sterol, 3α, 7α, 12α, 25_??_, 26-Pentahydroxycoprostane from Toad BileKYUICHIRO OKUDA, TAKAHIKO HOSHITA, TARO KAZUNO1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 48-55
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Two new and one already known bile sterols were isolated from toad bile by use of reversed phase partition chromatography.
2. It was verified that chemical constitution of one of the new bile sterols (m. p. 178.5°C) corresponds to 3α, 7α, 12α, 25_??_, 26-pentahydroxycoprostane.
3. Cholylmethylketone was synthesized.
The authors wish to thank Prof. S. Bregström of the Karolinska Institute for Hostalene.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
I. Glutamate Formation and Cellular Permeability of Amino AcidsISAMU SHIIO, SHIN-ICHIRÔ ÔTSUKA, MASAHIRO TAKAHASHI1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 56-62
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. When Brevibacterium fiavum No. 2247 grew in a biotin-rich medium, L-glutamate was not formed from glucose nor acetate in the washed cells as well as in the growing culture, whereas it was formed in the washed cells as well as in the growing culture when this bacterium grew in a biotin-poor medium.
2. Although L-aspartic-α-ketoglutaric transaminase activity of cell-free extracts was not affected by the biotin concentration in the culture medium, that of the washed cells was greatly affected and, that is, the activity of the washed cells grown in a biotin-rich medium was negligibly small while it was recovered by treating the cells with the detergent substances. The effect of biotin on the transaminase activity as well as on the glutamate forming ability of the washed cells depended on the carbon source on which the cells had grown.
3. The amount of the intracellular amino acids in the cells grown in a biotin-poor medium was less than that in the cells grown in a biotin-rich medium. In the former case, the cells released the intracellular amino acids almost completely upon washing with a buffer solution, but not in the latter case, where the release of those was observed only when the cells were incubated with detergent substances.
4. When the cells were incubated with amino acids and with α-ketoglutaric acid, net incorporation into the cells was observed in the cells grown in a biotin-poor medium but not in the cells grown in a biotin-rich medium.
5. From these results, one of the main effects of biotin on the metabolic ability of the cells seems to exist in the cellular permeability of amino acids and it can also explain the effect on the glutamate forming ability of the cells.
The authors are indebted to Dr. H. Oeda and Dr. Y. Tsuchiya of our laboratory for their interest and encouragement during the course of this work.View full abstractDownload PDF (447K) -
I. Incorporation of P32 into Phospholipids in Guinea-pig Brain SlicesKOHEI HAYASHI, TADAO KANOH, SHOJIRO SHIMIZU, MUTSUOKI KAI, SABURO YAMA ...1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 63-71
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe in vivo incorporation of P32 into phospholipids in guinea-pig brain cortex slices was studied by a technique combining column and paper chromatography for fractionation.
Phosphatidic acid was separated into two peaks on silicic acid column, and they showed somewhat different Rf values from each other on silicic acid impregnated paper. The two types of phosphatidic acid and the fractions eluted with 6-7% methanol in chloroform (cardiolipin, inositolphosphatide and the unknown phospholipid) showed very high specific radioactivity. The incorporation of P32 into all of them was strikingly stimulated by the addition of the acetylcholine. Inositolphosphatide was also separated into two peaks on the column; one of them eluted with 6-7% methanol was tentatively determined as triphosphoinositide, and the other one eluted with 15-20% methanol just before the elution of lecithin was tentatively done as monophosphoinositide or diphosphoinositide.
The authors wish to acknowledge the able technical assistance of Miss. M. Takayama.
This study was supported by grant in aid of Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education of Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (3214K) -
II. The Effect of Electrically Induced Convulsions on the Incorporation of P32 into Rabbit Brain PhospholipidsKOHEI HAYASHI, TADAO KANOH, SHOJIRO SHIMIZU, MUTSUOKI KAI, SABURO YAMA ...1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 72-77
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe uptake of P32 into the individual phospholipids of rabbit brain in vivo at various intervals of time after P32-injection into the cysterna magna has been studied by a combined use of column-and paperchromatographic methods. Inositolphosphatide I, which was eluted with a low concentration of methanol, showed a high rate of P32-incorporation with the highest specific activity among others, but in contrast to in vitro experiment, P32-incorporation was very scanty or absent in cardiolipin and unknown phospholipid which were eluted with inositolphosphatide I. Phosphatidic acid was separated into two peaks by column chromatography too, although with less p32-incorporation than in vitro experiment. The rate of incorporation of P32 into phc sphatidyl-ethanolamine was slow and its radioactivity remained in remarkable strength until after all the radioactivity in other fractions dis-appeared, consequently its turnover rate seemed to be very low. While the P32-activity of inositolphosphatide I at two hours after the P32-injection was not detected after experimental convulsions, that of inositol-phosphatide II which was eluted with a high concentration of methanol increased markedly. From this interesting fact, the relationship between the two types of inositolphosphatide and the function of brain was discussed.
The authors wish to acknowledge the able tech-nical assistance of Miss. M. Takayama.
This study was supported by grant in aid of Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education of Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1218K) -
NOBUO TAMIYA, TAIRO OSHIMA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 78-88
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAll the possible deuterium derivatives of L-aspartic acid were synthesised and their infrared absorption spectra studied.
The authors are grateful to Dr. H. Ozawa who kindly synthesized acetyl-trideutero-DL-aspartic acid described in the paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
YOSHIHIKO FUJITA, AKIHIKO HATTORI1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 89-91
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (169K) -
MITSUHIKO TADA, MARIKO TADA1962 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 92-93
Published: January 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (118K)
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