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Volume 56 (1964)
- Issue 6 Pages 499-
- Issue 5 Pages 381-
- Issue 4 Pages 299-
- Issue 3 Pages 201-
- Issue 2 Pages 113-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 56, Issue 6
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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I. Purification and PropertiesNOBUHIKO KATUNUMA, YOSHIKO MATSUDA, IKUKO TOMINO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 499-503
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Ornithine-ketoacid transaminase was purified from rat liver mitochondria to an almost single protein on starch zone electro-phoresis and ultracentrifugation pattern. The purified enzyme is 400-fold in the purity.
2. Physico-chemical properties of the enzyme were studied and gave the following values; s20, w; 7.1×10-13M, optimum pH; 8.2, Km for α-ketoglutarate 8.45×10-4M, for orni-thine; 6.0×10-4M. 3. Substrate specificity of the enzyme with respect to ketoacid was studied and the following reaction rates were observed. α-Ketoglutarate 100, glyoxalate 19, pyruvate 3 and oxaloacetate 0.7.
4. The enzyme was found to require pyridoxal phosphate as the coenzyme.
5. Canalline strongly inhibited the en-zyme reaction. Oxaloacetate inhibited the reaction competitively with α-ketoglutarate. L-Valine, L-isoleucine and L-leucine were also found to be the inhibitors of the enzyme.
We are deeply indebted to Dr. S. Muraoka for his gift of canalline and are grateful to Dr. A. Kato for his gift of 4kg. of rat liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (304K) -
I. Incorporation in vitro of C14-leucine into Protein by Brain MicrosomesMEI SATAKE, YASUO TAKAHASHI, KEIKICHI MASE, KIKUO OGATA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 504-511
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGeneral property and activity of a cell-free amino acid incorporating system consist-ing of guinea pig cerebral microsome and cell sap have been investigated.
1. The incorporating activity was as high as that of guinea big liver.
2. For the maximal incorporation, ATP, GTP, ATP-generating system, K+, Mg++ and cell sap were required.
3. C14-Leucine labeled protein was released from microsome to soluble fraction.
4. Small amounts of ribonuclease in-hibited the incorporation by its action on cell sap RNA.
5. Amobarbital did not inhibit but rather stimulated the incorporation to some extent.
6. The incorporating activity of micro-some increased step by step after microsome had been washed repeatedly with medium A.View full abstractDownload PDF (566K) -
KOZO HAMAGUCHI, SHUNSUKE MIGITA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 512-521
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, the optical rotatory and ultraviolet spectral properties of Bence-Jones proteins have been studied in relation to the antigenic type. The optical rotatory properties of native Bence-Jones proteins can not be related with the antigenic type. How-ever, the variation of the parameter, b0 and a0, in the Moffitt-Yang equation with the solvent composition in 2-chloroethanol-water mixtures has made it possible to classify the proteins into two types.
The ratio of the value of ΔOD at a peak around 293mμ to that around 285mμ in the difference spectra of Bence-Jones proteins caused by guanidine hydrochloride or urea is quite different depending on the antigenic type. On the basis of this fact, we have proposed a simple, spectrophotometric method to identify the type of Bence-Jones protein.
A possible structure of Bence-Jones pro-teins has been discussed.
The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Prof. F. W. Putnam of the University of Florida for his critical reading of the manuscript. They are also indebted to Prof. T. Isemura of the Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University and to Prof. T. Masuya of the Third Department of the Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Medical School for their kind support.View full abstractDownload PDF (647K) -
AKIO NOMA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 522-532
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The incorporation of radioactivity into individual phospholipid of rat intestinal mucosa at various intervals after the administ-ration of inorganic P32 into the intestinal lumen during fat absorption was studied.
2) Within one hour after the P32 ad-ministration, the specific activity of the total phospholipids from the intestinal mucosa was much higher than that from either the liver or blood plasma, and the specific activity as well as the relative specific activity of the total phospholipids from the intestinal mucosa was higher in the fat-fed group than in the fasted group.
3) Little difference was observed, between the fasted and fat-fed groups, in the specific activity and the relative specific activity of phosphatidic acid, which were exceedingly higher than those of phosphatidyl-choline, -ethanolamine and -inositol, at any period after the P32 administration. The specific activity as well as the relative specific activity of phosphatidyl choline was much higher in the fat-fed group than in the fasted group.
4) The data presented are in good agree-ment with the results obtained by Gurr et al., suggesting that main resynthesis of tri-glycerides in the intestinal mucosa during fat absorption may pass through monoglyceride, but not through phosphatidic acid.
5) It appears that the intestinal mucosa is very similar to the liver as far as the meta-bolic behavior of lecithin and cephalin is concerned.
6) Some considerations on phospholipid metabolism in the intestinal mucosa and lu-men are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2646K) -
IV. The Amino Acids Bound to the Major Nucleotides and to the Minor Fractions from Yeast RNAHIDEO GOTO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 533-544
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Four major nucleotide (CMP, AMP, GMP and UMP) materials obtained from alkali digests of a purified specimen of acid precipitable yeast RNA by ion exchange chromatography were found to contain a small but significant amount of peptides in bound form. The bound peptides are not confined to any one particular nucleotide that consti-tutes RNA, but they are distributed among all of the four major nucleotides in the RNA molecule, differing in quantities in the de-creasing order of: AMP>GMP>UMP>CMP. These bound peptides are consisted of six to eight kinds of amino acids: aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, and alanine and/or valine and phenylalanine. The linkage involved between the peptide and nucleotide seems to be peptide (COOH)-ribose(OH) ester, which might be stabilized by some side chain interactions.
2. Bound peptides of this kind are also found in minor fractions from the RNA, such as_??_-UMP and two other unidentified fractions, as well as in “core” fraction. They are in smaller amounts than those in the major nucleotide materials.
3. The peptide-nucleotide constituents in acid precipitable RNA may have a signifi cance different from nucleotide-peptide com-pounds which have been reported to occur in acid extracts of tissues and cells.
The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to Prof. S. Akashi for his guidance and counsel during the course of the work, and to Dr. T. Murachi for many helpful advices in the preparation of the manu-script.View full abstractDownload PDF (831K) -
SUETSUGU MUE, SYOZO TUBOI, GORO KIKUCHI1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 545-551
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMalyl-CoA synthetase (L-malate: CoA ligase (ADP)) which specifically catalyzed the malyl-CoA formation from L-malate and CoA in the expense of ATP was isolated and partially purified from cell-free extracts of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. The enzyme also catalyzed a rapid ATP-Pi exchange which was strictly dependent upon the presence of L-malate and CoA. Also Mg++ was required for these reactions. Reversibility of the re-action of malyl-CoA synthesis was established by employing ADP, Pi and chemically synthe-sized DL-malyl-CoA which has been proved to have the hydroxyl group at β-postion.
The authors wish to acknowledge Dr. H. Eggerer, Max -Plank -Institute für Zellchemie, München, Germany, for his generous gift of S-(hydroxy)-succinyl-N-(caprylyl)-cysteamine and for his information on the properties of chemically synthesized ma.lyl-CoA.View full abstractDownload PDF (440K) -
I. Streptolysin S Formation in Cell Free SystemAKIRA TAKETO, YORIKO TAKETO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 552-561
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. When the cell free extract prepared from hemolytic streptococci was incubated with certain oligoribonucleotide (AF), a sig-nificant rise in hemolytic activity was observed with concomitant formation of a new hemoly-sin. The reaction was completely dependent on AF.
2. The new hemolysin formed in the cell free system was oxygen-stable and unaffected by antistreptolysin-O serum, while the hemo-lytic activity was inhibited by trypan blue. Ribonucleotide was found in the hemolysin. The hemolysin coincided well with “SLS” not only in all these properties but also in chromatographic and electrophoretic beha-viour.
3. The cell free reaction was insensitive to various agents known to inhibit protein synthesis. The increment of hemolytic acti-vity was proportional to the amount of pre-formed intracellular herolysin (ICH-S) and the inactivation of ICH-S always resulted in loss of formation of RNA-SLS. According to these results, the possible mechanism of “SLS” formation and the role of RNA were discussed.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to Prof. H. Okamoto for his generous hospitality and en-couragement during the investigation. We are also inedebted to Prof. S. Kuno for the preparation of manuscript.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
II. On the Transfer of Streptolysin SAKIRA TAKETO, YORIKO TAKETO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 562-567
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro formation of oligoribonucleotide-streptolysin S complex from serum- or albu-min-SLS was described. Evidence indicates that the reaction is due to the transfer of the hemolytic group of serum- or albumin-SLS to oligoribonucleotide. The hemolytic group, labeled with C14-amino acids, of oligoribonu-cleotide-streptolysin S complex could be also transferred to serum but not to albumin.
These hemolysin complexes formed in vitro by the transfer had the same properties as that of the corresponding hemolysins formed in vivo by resting cell system.
Thus it was concluded that the oxygen-stable streptococcal hemolysins are complexes composed of a prosthetic group of polypeptide nature, identical with the hemolytic moiety of intracellular streptolysin S, and certain carrier substances such as AF, serum and albumin which act as the extractor of strepto-lysin S from cells as well.
The authors are greatly indebted to Profs. H. Okamoto and S. Kuno for their encouragement in the courses of this research and for their criticism of the manuscript.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
I. Protein Nature of the Neurotoxic ComponentHIROKO ARAI, NOBUO TAMIYA, SEI-ICHI TOSHIOKA, SATOSHI SHINONAGA, ROKUR ...1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 568-571
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Crude venom preparations obtained by drying the contents of paratid glands of sea snakes, Laticaztda semifasciata (Reinwardt) and Laticauda laticaudata (Linnæus), showed strong neurotoxic activity. One hundred per-gram percent lethal dose to mice by intramus-cular injection was 0.5μg. and 0.3μg. per gram body weight of mouse for L. semifasciata and L. laticaudata, respectively.
2. The toxic component in L. semifasciata venom was non-dialyzable. It was stable when dialyzed against saline, but was inacti-vated when dialyzed against water.
3. The toxic component in L. semifcuciata venom was completely inactivated by heating at 100°C for 15 minutes.
4. The toxic component in L. semifasciata venom was inactivated by the treatment with Pronase [EC 3. 4. 4 group] and trypsin [EC 3. 4. 4. 4] but not with chymotrypsin [EC 3. 4. 4. 5. ].
The toxic components on L. semifasciata and L. laticaudata venoms moved toward the cathode on electrophoresis at pH 8.8 and 10.7 as single peaks. At pH 11.8-12, they stayed at the original point.
6. The toxic components of the venoms of both species moved a little more slowely than yeast cytochrome c on gel-filtration with Sephadex G-75.
The authors wish to express their thanks to Dr. S. Mishima of the University of Kagoshima for the cooperation in collecting the snakes, to Sankyo Phar-maceutical Co., for the gift of yeast cytochrome c and to Dr. H. Ozawa of Toyo Rayon Co., for useful advice.View full abstractDownload PDF (267K) -
HARUKI OTSUKA, HIROSHI TERAYAMA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 572-577
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRNAs obtained from liver ribosomes (polysomes) of rats administered with Pi32 for various intervals by the method of lithium chloride extraction were fractionated by su-crose gradient sedimentation. A rapidly labeled RNA fraction was observed in a lighter region than the ribosomal RNA (18 and 28S). This fraction disappeared when the ribosomes were previously incubated with ATP, ATP generating system, amino acids and post microsomal supernatant. Because s-RNAs were eliminated by the lithium chlo-ride method, this rapidly labeled and unstable RNA could not be s-RNA. The nucleotides composition, obtained by measuring the radio-activity of Pi32 incorporated into each nucleo-tide, was different from ribosomal RNA, s-RNA and DNA of the rat liver. It was found that this RNA was very effective to stimulating the C14-amino acids incorporation into polypeptides in the Nirenberg's E. coli system. These results may suggest this rapidly labeled RNA is messenger RNA or partially degradated of it.View full abstractDownload PDF (396K) -
SHIGEMITSU TANO, HAJIME TAKAHASHI1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 578-580
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Growing tobacco pollens on an artifi-medium incorporated P32-orthophosphate into RNA fraction isolated by a methylated albu-min kieselghur column chromatography.
2. That the incorporation represented the RNA synthesis was confirmed by the finding that all four nucleotides in RNA were labeled by P32.
3. The base composition of the newly synthesized RNA was entirely different from the bulk-RNA in pollens and resembled that of DNA of this plant.
The authors are grateful to Misses T. Hattori, I. Matsuzaki and H. Aoki of the Institute of Applied Microbiology of this University for their help in scintillation countings.View full abstractDownload PDF (183K) -
III. Biosynthesis of Collagen by the Granuloma Tissue in vitroKUNIO KONNO, TSUNAO TETSUKA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 581-590
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of collagen biosynthesis was investigated in vitro by using the granu-loma induced by agar implantation.
In the experiments the incorporation of labeled amino acid into collagen increased linearly up to 4 hours. Free hydroxyproline was never incorporated into collagen by this system. Requirements for the incorporation were the presence of oxygen, inorganic phos-phate and oxidizable substrate.
In a cell-free system the amino acid in-corporation into collagen was also observed. It was found that the active fraction of carry-ing out this incorporation consisted of large particles sedimented on centrifuging at 8500×xg for 30 minutes. RNase and chloramphenicol had only a slight inhibitory on this incorpora-tion, but p-chloromereuribenzoate (10-4M) inhibited strongly. Hyaluronate lyase, gentian violet (7-8mM) and penicillin (7-8mM) also inhibited a moderate degree of activity.
Electron microgrphs of the large particles revealed the presence of many electron-dense particles which were different from typical mitochondria.
The hydroxylation of proline appeared to occur after proline was incorporated into peptide chains.
The authors with to express their gratitude to Prof. N. Shimazono for his kind guidance and encourage-ment. The authors also thank Dr. M. Itoi, Depart-ment of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine and Dr. Y. Segawa, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo for their kind guidance in the preparation of the electron micrographs. The authors also thank Dr. Kurt I. Altman, University of Rochester, U.S.A. for his kind guidance and encouragement.View full abstractDownload PDF (1798K) -
LXVI. Synthesis of 3α, 7α, 12α, 24_??_-Tetrahydroxy-coprostanic acidYURI INAI, YASUO TANAKA, SETSUO BETSUKI, TARO KAZUNO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 591-593
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present paper 3α, 7α, 12α, 24_??_-tetrahydroxycoprostanic acid (II) and copro-stane-3α, 7α, 12α, 24_??_, 26-pentol (III), the postulated intermediates in the biosynthetic course of cholic acid from cholesterol, were afforded by a sequence of reactions as shown in the followinE chart:View full abstractDownload PDF (172K) -
TOSHIO ASAKURA, SHIGEKI MINAKAMI, YOSHIMASA YONEYAMA, HARUHISA YOSHIKA ...1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 594-600
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSApohemoglobin with helical content of 50% was prepared and used in the experi-ments to combine hemins or porphyrins. Protohemin, protoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin as well as etiohemin and hemindimethylester, were shown to combine with globin, while protoporphyrin-dimethylester and etioporphy-rin were not.
Among the modified apohemoglobins, acetylated globin was shown to bind hematin, but not protoporphyrin, while azoglobins had no capacity to combine with hemins and porphyrins. PCMB-globin, though unstable, was shown to have an ability to bind hemins and porphyrins like untreated apohemoglobin. From these results the im-portance of the linkage between the carboxyl groups of porphyrin and the amino groups of globin was discussed.
The authors are cordially grateful to Professor K. Imahori (Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo) for the rotatory dispersion measurements and valuable discussions.View full abstractDownload PDF (479K) -
KOYO UOZUMI, ISAO NAKAHARA, TANEAKI HIGASHI, YUKIYA SAKAMOTO1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 601-603
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (154K) -
SHIGERU TSUNOO, KAZUYOSHI HORISAKA, KIMIKO MOTONISHI, JUNICHI TAKEDA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 604-606
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (160K) -
II. Über die Isolierung des Histidins und Seiner Derivate aus der Muskulatur von Thunnus alalunga, Pneumatophorus japonicas japonicus, Katsuwonus pelamis,KAZUYOSHI HORISAKA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 607-610
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
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YASUYUKI UZUKA, KENSUKE SHIMURA1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 611-612
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (141K) -
NORIMASA HOSOYA, ASAO FUJIMORI, TOMINO WATANABE1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 613-615
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (202K) -
MICHIYUKI YAMADA, SHIRO TOMINO, KIYOSHI KURAHASHI1964 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 616-618
Published: December 25, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1060K)
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