巻号一覧
19 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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宮本 宏, 米谷 忠篤, 葛西 道生1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 1-10
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーMechanism of calcium release from fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles (FRS) was extensively studied. When the ionic composition of SRF was changed from KMS (potassium methanesulfonate) to KCl with maintaining the osmolarity, calcium ions were released from SRF. This ionic exchange is considered to make the membrane potential of inside of the vesicles more negative, namely depolarization.
To elucidate that this ionic exchange truely causes the membrane potential change, ionic permeabilities of various ions were determined. Many important ions, such as K+ or Cl-, permeate too fast to follow the permeation by a usual tracer method. The permeability was determined by following the osmotic volume change. As a result, permeation times of various ions were determined. The following are typical results: K+ 20, Cl- 0.4, and MS- 20 in seconds at room temperature. These values show that Cl- permeates 50 times faster than K+ or MS-. This result supports the concept that the membrane potential was depolarized by the ionic exchange from KMS to KCl.
Finally, calcium binding sites of SRF were determined by discriminating the sidedness. Two types of sites on the outside and four types of sites on the inside were observed. When the relation between calcium release and the state of bound calcium was compared, it was suggested that the released calcium from FRS by depolarization was originated from that bound to calsequestrin inside the vesicles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (534K) -
蔵本 由紀1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 11-18
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThe development of macroscopic forms or patterns is a charcteristic of nonequilibrium open systems, including living organisms, ecosystems, inorganic chemical reactions and fluid systems. For a certain class of these phenomena, a set of parabolic partial defferential equations called reaction-diffusion equations works well as a model or a metaphor. In this article, some basically important spatio-temporal patterns exhibited by reaction-diffusion equations are summarized. They include standing periodic structure, propagating domain, trigger waves and their modifications, phase waves, and chaotic pattern. The origins and the properties of these patterns are explained in a qualitative way, without going into mathematical details.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1624K) -
本多 久夫1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 19-26
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThe early stages of conjugation of the ciliate Blepharisma were studied, bearing in mind the general interests, cell attraction and cell-to-cell contact.
Miyake's Blepharisma system was introduced as a positive feedback system at first, in which uni-cellular organisms with two mating types secrete respective mating substances GI (gamone I or blepharmone)and GII (gamone II or blepharismone) which have been purified and identified as single molecules. A cell is, by the opposite type of mating sub- stance, enhanced to secrete its mating substance and induced to conjugate. (§2)
The mating type I cell was discovered to be specifically attracted by GII, and the type II cell was not attracted by any mating substance. (§3)
A mating substance, also, induces ciliary union of a cell pair which advances to glued union later. The ciliary union is participated in by the two kinds of parallel ciliary rows, adoral zone of membranelles (AZM) and anterior extension of undulating membrane (extUM). A mating substance induces AZM and extUM sequentially to become capable to make an AZM-extUM bond. A ciliary row of extUM is also discovered to be significantly attached to the surface of artificial substrata. It will provide an available method for investigation of properties of cellular contact. (§4)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2321K) -
山村 博平, 酒井 國安, 紀 隆顕, 箸本 英吉, 高井 義美1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 27-37
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーCyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase has been well established to be composed of catalytic and regulatory subunits. Cyclic AMP dissociates these subunits to exhibit full enzymatic activity. In contrast, cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase does not possess such a subunit structure and is activated by cyclic GMP simply in an allosteric manner. In addition to cyclic AMP-dependent and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases, another species of multifunctional protein kinase has been found in many mammalian tissues. This protein kinase is entirely independent of cyclic nucleotides and activated selectively by lower concentrations of Ca2+ in the presence of a membrane-associated factor. This factor appears to be a heat-stable and exclusively localized in membranes. Thus, the three species of protein kinases mentioned above are activated in different manners. All kinases have abilities to activate and inactivate muscle phosphorylase kinase and glycogen synthase, respectively, although the relative rates of reactions towards various substrates are markedly different. The Ca2+ -dependent protein kinase seems to be associated with membraneous components, whereas cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase appears to be related to certain subcellular organella such as nucleus. Suggestive evidence is available implying that the cyclic AMP-, cyclic GMP- and Ca2+ -activated three sets of protein kinase systems may play each specific physiological roles presumably owing to their own subcellular compartments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (610K) -
平野 康一1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 38-42
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThe metachromatic shifts of dye ions were briefly reviewed. The three possible explanations for the shifts were described.
1) Aggregation of dye ions at binding site.
2) Electrostatic interactions between dye ion and ionic side chains.
3) Dispersive interactions between dye ion and apolar side chains.
Initially, the findings on acridine dye-DNA complexes were discussed from 1). Next, the blue shift observed in methyl orange binding to bovine serum albumin was discussed on the basis of the explanations 2) and 3). Them, it was concluded that the shift due to the disruption of hydrogen bonds plays an important role in exhibiting the blue shift.
Finally, the theoretical calculations about the spectral shift which demonstrate how the results may be applied to metachromasy were described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (267K) -
入村 達郎1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 43-53
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーA general consensus has been reached that Iectin receptors are complex carbohydrates of cellular membrane, in which much attention has paied on glycoproteins because of their transmembranous nature. Many lectins can discriminate the type of sugar chains in glycoprotein molecules, since they recognize a sugar portion larger than disaccharide moiety.
We classified several lectins into three groups according to their binding specificities to sugar chains. By this classification, we demonstrated the relationship between the carbohydrate binding specificity and the effect on lymphocyte proliferation of lectins. For suffisient chemical characterization, the lectin receptors should be isolated in pure form.
In case of human erythrocyte membranes two major glycoproteins were identified as receptors of several lectins, however, in other cells, chemical nature of lectin receptor glycoproteins are still unclear. In this review, I also discuss control mechanisms of the mobility of lectin receptors, and lectin-induced cellular interactions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (631K) -
1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 55-63
発行日: 1979/01/25
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (598K) -
1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 63
発行日: 1979年
公開日: 2009/05/25
ジャーナル フリー
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