生物物理

蛋白質の静電場に関する諸問題

中村春木

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 339-345
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.339

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Electrostatic properties of protein molecules have essential roles in their specific functions and their structural stabilization. However, there are not any effective methods to detect the local field directly. Moreover, since the protein-solvent system is quite heterogeneous from a dielectric point of view, it has been difficult to analyze quantitatively by any theoretical approaches. In the present article, these problems are reviewed and the recent developments are introduced.

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オピオイドレセプターとGTP結合タンパクの再構成

植田弘師, 佐藤公道

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 346-350
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.346

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The signal transduction mechanism of opioid receptors was studied in reconstitution experiments with GTP-binding protein. μ-Opioid receptor exclusively purified from rat brains was reconstituted with purified Gi or Go in phosphatidylcholine vesicles. The μ-agonist-displacement activity of antagonist binding was markedly increased by reconstitution with Gi or Go. The μ-agonist stimulated G-protein activities in both reconstituted vesicles. From the experiment that the recovery of agonist-stimulation of G-protein activity was additive when Gi and Go were simultaneouly reconstituted in brain membrane preparations, it is suggested that μ-receptors exist in μi and μo, separately coupled to Gi and Go, respectively.

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蛋白質の核酸結合様式

鈴木理

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 351-357
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.351

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Up to now three different DNA binding modes have been proposed. One is the α-helix represented by the helix-turn-helix structure of prokaryotic repressors and eukaryotic homoeotic gene products. Another is the antiparallel β-sheet found in G5BP and DBP II. The other is the Zn-finger originally suggested for TF IIIA.
The fourth quite new mode of DNA binding was proposed for histones H1 and H2B and then generally found in many gene reguratoly proteins. This is a repeat of β-turns composed of Ser(Thr)-Pro-X-X sequences.

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物質輸送系の活性化と生体膜の柔らかさ

宮本茂昭, 藤目智

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 358-361
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.358

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Changes in membrane elastic modulus were measured for intestinal brush border on activation of its Na⁺-glucose co-transport, and for such secretory granules as chromaffin and zymogen on rise of free [Ca²⁺]. It is suggested that an increase in membrane flexibility is strongly correlated with activation of such biological functions as transport and exocytosis.

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軸索膜外表面のKイオン蓄積とその生理的役割

久木田文夫

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 362-365
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.362

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The periaxonal K⁺-accumulation is markedly large in the squid giant nerve fiber. In this preparation, I have established a method to control the periaxonal K⁺ concentration. The method is promising for precise kinetic analyses of ionic channels in the squid axon, and thus will make the axon a useful model for the study of K⁺ dynamics in the brain.

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ミオシン23kDaフラグメント抗体による筋収縮阻害

宮西隆幸

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 366-370
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.366

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Antibody against the 23 kilodalton fragment of myosin head abolished active tension generation of the fibers, but did not block their assumption of a rigor state nor their release from this state by ATP. The antigenic sites are located at 140-180Å from the head-rod junction of myosin by electron microscopy.

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植物起源の蛋白質性プロテアーゼインヒビターは害虫に対する防禦物質か

田代操

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 371-375
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.371

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Protein inhibitors of proteinases are as ubiquitous as proteinases. The interaction of serine proteinases with their cognate inhibitors is now one of the best understood of proteinprotein associations, though physiological functions of these inhibitors are not clear. This review briefly describes the classification and inhibitory mechanism of serine proteinase inhibitors. Possible physiological roles of inhibitors of plant origin are also introduced.

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細菌の走化性における蛋白質リン酸化の役割

大澤研二

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 376-381
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.376

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二分子膜の規則構造による発色現象

辻井薫

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 382-384
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.382

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高度好酸好熱性古細菌Sultolobus acidocaldariusの膜ATPase

小西仁, 伝田公紀, 吉田賢右

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 385-388
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.385

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ミオシンのATP結合部位の電子顕微鏡による三次元位置の決定

徳永万喜洋, 若林健之, 須藤和夫

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 389-391
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.389

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速度勾配場による荷電高分子のクラスター形成

平川史子, 吉野茂雄, 今井宣久, 曽我美勝

1989 年29 巻2 号 p. 392-395
発行日: 1989/03/25
公開日: 2009/05/25

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2142/biophys.29.392

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