Seibutsu Butsuri
Online ISSN : 1347-4219
Print ISSN : 0582-4052
ISSN-L : 0582-4052
Volume 49, Issue 5
Issue 285
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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  • Katsuhide YUTANI
    2009 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 226-231
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: September 25, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The thermo-stabilization mechanisms of proteins from hyperthermophiles have been thermodynamically elucidated on the basis of protein structures. It focuses on the electrostatic interaction due to ionizable residues unevenly distributed in hyperthermophile proteins and on the denatured structures in equilibrium with the native structures under the physiological conditions. The understanding of the denatured structures under physiological conditions should contribute to studies on folding problems and protein stability.
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  • Hitoshi OKAMURA
    2009 Volume 49 Issue 5 Pages 232-237
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: September 25, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Most of organisms living on the earth have internal clocks and thus, the circadian rhythm represents a basic feature of life. In mammals, as in other many organisms, the cellular circadian core oscillator is thought to be composed of an autoregulatory transcription-(post)translation-based feedback loop involving a set of clock genes. The signal transduction cascade originating from this core oscillatory loop induces the expression of a variety of genes in a circadian fashion, and regulates many cellular functions such as cell division and energy metabolism. This cell oscillation system localizes in most of cells in the body. The circadian system has evolved in a close connection to light which synchronizes the internal phase to environmental rhythms. In mammals, the master clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, from which clock signals are transmitted through neuronal and hormonal oscillation conducting systems to the whole body. Arrived clock signals entrain the cell-clocks in peripheral organs, and the intracellular oscillating loop coordinates the timing of the expression of a variety of genes with specific cellular functions. Thus, the mammalian clock system displays a multidimensional complex structure constituting the central oscillator, oscillation conducting systems, and peripheral cellular oscillators.
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