Algebraic-geometric (AG) codes are a class of error-correcting codes which was introduced by V.D. Goppa in 1981. They are important not only theoretically but also practically, and recently have interested many investigators in the field of computer science. These codes are derived from rational functions of algebraic curves or surfaces over finite fields. In a mathematical sense the class of AG codes can be considered to emcompass the whole class of linear codes. Among them, there are well-known and practically important codes, e.g., BCH codes, Reed-Solomon codes, classical Goppa codes, etc. In this munuscript, we introduce AG codes and discuss several properties of them which are important in using them for error-free transmission. Furthermore, we explain decoding methods of some AG codes, i.e., how to correct errors by using them. We have tried to explain the subject on the basis of linear algebra, without any requirement of background knowledge of algebraic geometry.
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