The morphological and behavioral development and growth of ten captive­ born young of four litters of the Apodemus argenteus argenteus arc described. The young at birth (Day 0) were naked with the eyes closed. The chestnut fur grew on the dorsum on Day 7 and the full juvenile pelage was nearly completed by Day 15. The lower and upper incisors erupted through the gums on Days 9 and 10, respectively, the eyes opened between Days 11 and 13 and the external auditory meatus opened on Day 12. The newly born young were helpless and inactive. They exhibited a righting response on Day 6 and began to walk on Day 9, and by Day 14 they could walk and jump like the adult, when they are thought to be weaned. The behavioral development was described under the following categories: locomotion and righting, thigmotactic response, grooming, vocalization, sucking, weaning, etc. The mean weight at birth was l.3 g and by Day 15 it reached 6.1g which was almost equal to that of the juvenile trapped in the field. It was proposed that the developmental process during the pre-weaning period be subdivided into the three subphases: “mother-infant bond establishment phase”, “phase of nest-in intention” and “preparatory phase for weaning”.

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Pollen surveys in Meguro, Tokyo, carried out by the gravity slide method from 1965 to 1967, confirmed the trace of dispersal of allergenic pollens. In this area, the pollinating period of the airborne pollen began in late January and ended in November. There were three pollen seasons. The tree pollen season was observed from February to May, the grass pollen season from May to October and the ragweed pollen season from August to September. The prevalent pollens were the Japanese cedar, pine, Gramineae family and short ragweed. Intradermal test with four commercial pollen extracts and a control were performed on 129 patients with nasal allergy. Rate of positive skin reactivity to individual pollen allergens was: short ragweed 33.3%; Japanese hop 12.4%; Japanese red pine 10.8%; Japanese cedar 10.1%. The combined aerobiological and clinical data suggest that in the Tokyo area there are significant hay fever plants and positive skin reactors.

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Electron microscopic studies were performed with a series of 36 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2 strains of Aeromonas hydrophila. Most strains of Ps. aeruginosa were found to possess bipolar fimbriae. The fimbriae of this species varied greatly in length, the short ones being considered to retain their biologic activities and the long ones being devoid of their function. By contrast, electron micrographs of A. hydrophila revealed numerous peritrichous fimbriae besides the monopolar flagellum. The fimbriae were found to be constant in length and in width. While the two species are classified into the family Pseudomonadaceae, it may also serve as an effective clue to the characterization of these species that they differ in their pattern of fimbriation and in the number of fimbriae. The fimbriae of Ps. aeruginosa were observed to be capable of adhering onto the surface of the red blood cells but fail to agglutinate them. It appears that the ability of the fimbriae to adhere onto the surface of the red blood cell (more appropriately called haemadsorption) may be related to the rosette formation and also to colony dissociation displayed by this species. The fimbriae of A. hydrophila actively agglutinate the carmine dye and yeast cells and produce only a slight agglutination of the red blood cells. These fimbriae are of the mannose-resistant type. Acid agglutination by this species occurs within the range of pH 3.4 to 3.8, and A. hydrophila remained capable of showing acid agglutination even after thermal treatment though a shift of the pH range to the acid side occurred.

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Isolated hemoglobin chain, namely α- or β-chain, with sulfhydryl groups masked with p-chloromercuribenzoate, and αβ dimer partly masked with p-chloromercuribenzoate were tested for their reactivity with haptoglobin. The α-chain reacts with haptoglobin but it was excluded from α-chain haptoglobin complex by the successibly added native hemoglobin. The β-chain does not bind with haptoglobin without α-chain, but readily binds in the presence of α-chain to form a sufficiently stable complex. The αβ dimer masked with its reactive sulfhydryl group seems to bind with haptoglobin as does native hemoglobin. These facts seem to be an evidence that haptoglobin reacts with hemoglobin dimer as a unit and suggest that unit dimer for this reaction is α1-β1 dimer rather than α1-β2 dimer.

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We presented four cases of pineal tumors with autopsy findings. Our pathohistological studies demonstrated that the tumor of cases 1 and 2 was of the two-cell pattern, case 3 was teratoma with foci of the two-cell pattern, and case 4 was a mixed tumor of immature teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma and two-cell pattern. Cases l and 2 were histologically similar to a part of the tumor of cases 3 and 4. The histological appearance of “pinealoma” had been discussed since 1923. In considering the results of our studies, we agree with the theory that the pineal tumor of the two cell pattern arises from the germ cells migrating into the pineal region. The so-called “pinealoma” has to be discussed in more detail from this point of view, and we wish to emphasize that the correct diagnosis of pineal tumor should be based on the examination of all the elements of the tumor.

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Treatment of an ameloblastoma in the anterior arch of the mandible is described. Immediate reconstruction after a wide resection of the mandible was made by the use of two pieces of iliac bone. A unique appliance of external pin fixation has been used for immobilization of the mandible. This appliance is recommended for intermaxillary fixation of edentulous mandible.

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In order to compare the porosities of a spherical alloy amalgam and a conventional alloy amalgam, the ground sections of amalgam mixes and fillings condensed by varying techniques and pressures were examined. The conventional amalgam generally had little porosities in its mixes but had gross porosities along the junctions of increments in its fillings. Such porosities could be eliminated by efficient condensation. The spherical amalgam had many minute porosities in its mixes. The porosities along the junctions of increments were much less and smaller in its fillings but minute porosities distributed in the whole masses could not be eliminated even by the most efficient condensation.

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