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Volume 48, Issue 8
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Katsumi UCHIYAMA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 737-749
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome applications and characteristics of photothermal spectroscopy, including photoacoustic spectroscopy, photothermal deflection spectroscopy and thermal-lens spectroscopy, to planar chromatography (thin-layer chromatography, slab gel electrophoresis) were reviewed. At first, some examples of photoacoustic cells were described. Then, applicability and sensitivities for the method were described. The method was applied to the quantitative and qualitative analysis of samples developed on a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate. The mapping methods using photothermal spectroscopy were described. These methods utilized light-scanning photoacoustic densitometry, photothermal spectrometry and photoacoustic densitometry by fast laser-beam scanning. Mapping techniques utilizing photothermal spectroscopy were successfully applied to samples developed on a TLC plate, of which the light-dispersing characteristics made a precise measurement difficult. The mapping techniques for proteins separated on polyacrylamide gels were also described in detail. The thermal diffusivity of dried polyacrylamide gel (2.0 × 10-3 cm2/s)made the photoacoustic signal small. Sensitive determinations were possible when sample proteins in polyacrylamide gels were transferred to nitrocellulose sheets or when the samples were electrophoresed in very thin polyacrylamide gels.View full abstractDownload PDF (2178K) -
Hiroshi SHIIGI, Masaharu NAKAYAMA, Kotaro OGURA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 751-756
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA composite film was prepared from soluble polyaniline (PAn) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and its application as a humidity sensor was investigated. Soluble PAn was made by the chemical polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in a p-toluene sulphonic acid aqueous solution. The electrical conductivity of the PAn/PVA composite film was proportional to the atmospheric humidity without any accompanying hysteresis, extending from 3 × 10-5 Scm-1 to 0.2 Scm-1 upon a change in humidity from 0 to 100% RH. The effects of coexisting gases such as NH3, HCl, MeOH, EtOH, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and hexane on the humidity response of the composite film were examined, and the humidity response was not found to be affected by the coexisting gases, of which the concentrations were less than 4000 ppm (HCl), 15000 (NH3), 25000 (MeOH), 18000 (EtOH), 10000 (THF) and 7500 (hexane), respectively. This means that the composite film can be applied as a humidity sensor in a common environment without being affected by these coexisting gases.View full abstractDownload PDF (904K) -
Masaru MITSUSHIO, Satsuo KAMATA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 757-762
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA sensor system using an optical fiber was developed and its response was tested to ethanol and ethylene glycol in water. The clad was removed from the fiber with sulfuric acid and its fiber core was coated with a gold film. The gold-coated unclad fiber responded rapidly and sensitively to the examined reagents, as compared to an unmodified unclad fiber. The calibration graph of transmittance vs. concentration showed a good relation in the range of 080% for ethanol and 040% for ethylene glycol. The detection limit was 0.5%. It was found that these alcohols could be determined in real time. The alcohol content in liquors (Shochu), which was determined directly by this method, showed 25.2 v/v%, very mean to the value (25 v/v%) indicated on the label of the Shochu bottle.View full abstractDownload PDF (856K) -
Satoshi NOMURA, Shuji TAKAMATSU, Motoi NAKAO, Yan-Gou YANG, Chihiro IN ...1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 763-769
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe propose the application of pH-imaging technology to the observation of proton transport in porous media. A flat pH-imaging sensor based on the electrochemical-semiconductor principle was employed for imaging. Porous media were formed by packing particles with a few hundred-micrometer diameter such as silica sands, glass-beads and ion-exchange resins. These particles were packed on the pH-imaging sensor, respectively, followed by the addition of an acid solution from the top surface of the layer. The pH distribution formed on the interface between the sensor and the layer was repeatedly imaged with a 3 min time resolution. The dependence of proton transport on the particle type and size was clearly imaged and quantitatively evaluated. The proposed method was confirmed to be useful for understanding mass transport in porous media, thus enabling contribution to fundamental research involving the transport of chemicals in soil/aquifer/reservoir, such as bioremediation and microbial-enhanced oil recovery (Microbial EOR).View full abstractDownload PDF (2182K) -
Takashi GOTO, Hiroki TANGE1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 771-775
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe separation and preconcentration of trace tin from seawater for a graphite-furnace AAS (GF-AAS) determination was studied using silica gel loaded with Pyrocatechol Violet (PV)/trioctylmethylammonium chloride (Capriquat). The proposed adsorbent was prepared as follows ; ten grams of silica gel were shaken into 50 ml of 5% Capriquat-xylen solution and 20 ml of 0.05% PV solution for 30 min. A sample solution of 1001200 ml containing Sn was adjusted to pH 5. The solution was then passed through 0.5 g of PV/Capriquat-loaded in silica gel on the column, eluted with 10 ml of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid, and then deteminated by GF-AAS. In this method, over 98% of Sn was adsorbed at about pH 5. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Sn in seawater samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
Toshiyuki MITSUI, Hiroyuki SAKAKIBARA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 777-782
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThirteen samples of office cinnabar ink made in Japan were measured for the differential determination by microscope photometry. The method was as follows. Each sample was magnified by 50 times and the absorbance values were measured from 380 to 760 nm in 5 nm intervals by a microscope photometer. Each absorbance in a sample was divided by the absorbance at 380 nm. The obtained data of each sample were used for a calculation in a multivariate analysis, such as a cluster analysis, a principal-component analysis, KNN, and SIMCA. A classification of 13 different office cinnabar inks could be made using the cluster analysis, KNN and SIMCA.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Kenji FUJIWARA, Kazuo MURATA, Masanori INADA, Taketoshi NAKAHARA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 783-788
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and PFA(perfluoroalkoxy) have been widely used in the semiconductor industry due to their chemical inertness, thermal stability and low impurity concentration. We therefore need to find a technique to determine an ultratrace amount of metals in fluorocarbon resin, which is a raw material of PTFE and PFA. We developed a new procedure in which a fluorocarbon resin is placed on a silicon(Si) wafer set in a combustion chamber made of quartz and locate the chamber in an electric furnace. We decomposed the resin at 550°C in air and etched about 0.2 μm of the surface layer of the wafer using an acid mixture of HF and HNO3 (1/20 by volume), and determined Na, Al, K, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn in the etching solution using GFAAS with low blank concentrations of 0.05, 0.4, 0.07, 0.2, 0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.9 ng g-1, respectively. We confirmed that this technique gave a low blank concentration and was a rapid and accurate analytical method for fluorocarbon resin.View full abstractDownload PDF (775K) -
Kunihiro WATANABE, Norio OMAE, Masayuki ITAGAKI1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 789-792
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe enhancing effect of 3, 5-dichlorophenol on the fluorescence intensities of the Al (III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex in a surfactant micelle was investigated. To examine the enhancement mechanism, the fluorescence properties of the Al(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex in surfactant micelle containing 3, 5-dichlorophenol were measured by a fluorescence-lifetime instrument. The radiationless transition-rate constant (kq) decreased compared with kq in a surfactant solution without 3, 5-dichlorophenol. This result indicated that Al(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex can be protected from the bulk water as a quencher by using 3, 5-dichlorophenol through hydrogen bonding. A nonionic surfactant micelle was separated as an organic phase from an aqueous phase above the cloud point. Therefore, Triton X-100 of the non-ionic surfactant was used as an extraction solvent for the Al(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex in the presence of 3, 5 dichlorophenol. As a result, dichlorophenol enhanced the fluorescence intensity of the Al(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex in the Triton X-100 phase. The relationship between the 3, 5-dichlorophenol concentration and the fluorescence intensities of the Al(III)-8-hydroxyquinoline complex in the surfactant phase was studied.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Jun KAWAI, Hideyuki TAKAHASHI1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 793-795
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Hisashi KAMBE, Toshimichi SHIBUE, Izumi HIRASAWA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 797-801
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe applicability of tandem mass spectrometry to the quality analysis of metal-surface protect surfactants without any pretreatment or purification of the sample solution was investigated. Three typical spectra were constructed and verified by FAB CID-MS/MS using sodium n-dodecylsulfate (anionic surfactant), tetradecyl dimethylbenzylammonium chloride (cationic surfactant) and heptaethylene glycol mono-n-dodecyl ether (nonionic surfactant) as a model. The FAB CID-MS/MS spectra of metal-surface protect surfactants provided useful structural information that analyte surfactants have a polyoxyethylene structure, which has been identified as a nonionic surfactant. The authors concluded that FAB CID-MS/MS will be a good analytical method for direct quality analysis without any pretreatment or purification of the metal-surface protect surfactant for industrial use.View full abstractDownload PDF (562K) -
Yasushi ISHIHAMA, Fumiaki YOKOTA1999 Volume 48 Issue 8 Pages 803-806
Published: August 05, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (826K)
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