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Volume 64, Issue 10
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Annual Topic “Bio” : Accounts
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Shiho TOKONAMI, Takuya IIDA, Hiroshi SHIIGI, Tsutomu NAGAOKAArticle type: Annual Topic “Bio” : Accounts
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 727-736
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe detection systems of biomaterials, for example, DNA and protein, which are important in genetic and allergy tests, or those of bacteria causing various disease, are essential tools in preventive healthcare, the food security, and the environment conservation. These ensure a sustainable cultural life for all human beings. In order to solve these problems, many researchers are trying hard from dawn to dusk for the development of efficient detection methods of targets whose sizes range from nanometers to micrometers. In this contribution, we provide a review of our recent achievements concerning (1) Self-assembling fabrication method of a high-density assembled structure of metallic nanoparticles exhibiting strong optical response due to the collective phenomena of internal electronic systems in a nano-space and a novel principle for the optical detection of biomaterials using such a structure; (2) Fabrication method of a conducting polymer film with bacterial surface structure-imprinted micro-spaces and the detection method of bacteria using its high specificity. We also discuss the prospects for developing label-free, rapid and highly-sensitive biosensors based on these detection principles and methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1654K)
Annual Topic “Bio” : Analytical Reports
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Hiromi ITAMIYA, Hitomi S. KIKKAWA, Ritsuko SUGITAArticle type: Annual Topic “Bio” : Analytical Reports
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 737-742
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRice is Japanese staple food and is familiar to the public. When rice grains are found at a crime scene as evidence, the identification or discrimination of the rice cultivar is required during any forensic examination. An identification kit of rice cultivars has already been commercially available. To apply the kit to the forensic examination, we determined whether the kit could identify rice cultivars available on the market. In this study, various cultivars of white rice purchased on the market were analyzed by the commercial identification kit, "Kome-Bugyou" (Kokken Corporation), from a single rice grain sample so as to confirm the effectivity of the commercial identification kit and the validity of the labeling of products. Brown rice and boiled rice were also collected and analyzed to determine whether the method of identifying the cultivars of white rice could be applicable to that of brown rice and boiled rice. As a result, DNAs of the rice cultivar other than indicated on the label were detected in some products, but many products contained pure breeds. Cultivars of brown rice and boiled rice could also be identified by the same method as analyzing white rice. Considering the unintended grain contamination or PCR repeatability, more than one PCR analysis should be performed per sample to differentiate cultivars more exactly. It became clear that the commercially available identification kit was useful to differentiate rice cultivars available on the market, and this method was effective in forensic examination.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
Kana IKEZAWA, Takayuki SUGASAWA, Yuki IKEGAMI, Shizuko HOZUMI, Atushi ...Article type: Annual Topic “Bio” : Analytical Reports
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 743-750
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe selectivity of a glass capillary-based L-glutamate sensor toward protein, inhibitors, amino acids and some compounds related to a neurophysiological study were investigated in an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) and Ca2+, Mg2+–free ACSF. The response of the capillary sensor at 0 mV vs. Ag–AgCl was not affected by implantation into brain slices, showing that the adsorption of proteins is negligible. Most of inhibitors, such as D-APV and DNQX, ifenprodil and (−)bicuculline, which are often used in electrophysiological studies, did not affect the response of the sensor, as long as their concentrations are physiologically used levels. However, DL-TBOA, THA and DMSO affected the sensor response, seemingly by blocking the capillary action of the sensor. L-Ascorbic acid (<200 μM), L-aspartic acid (<200 μM) and glutamine (<100 μM) did not interfere with the response. The selectivity data are useful for the application of the sensor for monitoring L-glutamate in brain.View full abstractDownload PDF (988K)
Accounts
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Tatsuro ENDOArticle type: Accounts
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 751-757
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor future medical and lifescience applications, we have developed nanophotonics-based novel bio-analytical devices. Living organisms maintain their functions by biomolecular interactions such as DNA hybridization and antigen-antibody reactions. To understand their functions, bioanalytical methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis, have been widely used. However, these methods has several disadvantages, such as low sensitivity, sophisticated liquid handling, long assay time, and labeling procedures. To overcome these disadvantages, highly sensitive, more simplified, and label-free baioanalytical devices had been desired. To develop nanophotonics-based bio-analytical devices, we have focused on specific optical characteristics from nanostructures, such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), quantum dots (QDs) and photonic crystals (PhC). Using these optical characteristics, the refractive-index change due to biomolecular interactions, such as DNA hybridization and antigen-antibody reactions, can be detected without any labeling procedure using fluorescent dyes and enzymes. In this paper, we present our nanophotonics-based bioanalytical devices using LSPR and PhC. Based on these nanophotonics-based bio-analytical devices, in the future bioanalysis can be drastically simplified.View full abstractDownload PDF (1164K)
Technical Papers
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Eriko YAMAZAKI, Sachi TANIYASU, Kodai SHIMAMURA, Shunya SASAKI, Nobuyo ...Article type: Technical Papers
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 759-768
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIon-paring extraction method and solid-phase extraction method using four commercially available cartridges; namely, Sep-Pak®tC18, Oasis®HLB, Oasis®MCX, Oasis®WAX were tested for their capacity for the trace analysis of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) including PFOS in open-ocean seawater. Six perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids, twelve perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid, three perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides, one fluorotelomer unsaturated carboxylic acid and one fluorotelomer carboxylic acid were investigated for each experiment. The former three cartridges and ion-paring extraction method failed to obtain acceptable recoveries of PFASs using open-ocean seawater. Although Oasis®WAX showed an acceptable recovery for most PFASs tested, several limitations to the use for open-ocean water remained. Hence, a newly manufactured type of weak anion-exchange cartridge, "WAXsea", with 30 μm of pore size and 500 mg of adsorbent was optimized for this purpose. "WAXsea" was validated using 1 L of open-ocean seawater collected from the Pacific Ocean and successfully detected PFOS and PFOA at 0.05 pg L−1 and 0.1 pg L−1, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1001K)
Analytical Reports
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Toshiyuki GODO, Hitoshi OHSHIRO, Yukari NOJIRI, Shogo SUGAHARA, Hirosh ...Article type: Analytical Reports
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 769-773
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGeosmin concentrations of Lake Shinji were compared with three measurement methods that were defined in the clean water test method. Because geosmin was mainly contained in algal cells, the concentration measured by solid-phase extraction - gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (SP-GC/MS), which carried out filtration, was extremely low. When comparing the measured concentrations of purge trap-gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (PT-GC/MS) and the head space - gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS), the value of the latter was higher. The reason was thought to be that the former is heated to 40°C, but the latter is heated at a high temperature of 80°C, and thus the algal cells are more degraded; therefore geosmin, which was present in the body, was eluted. Like this, it became clear that the concentration of geosmin differs depending on the measurement method.View full abstractDownload PDF (661K) -
Hitoshi ASANO, Takashi HASEGAWA, Yukihide SHIRAISHIArticle type: Analytical Reports
2015 Volume 64 Issue 10 Pages 775-782
Published: October 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: November 06, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAtmospheric particulate matter was collected so as to investigate inorganic ion components (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, Na+, Cl−, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) from March 2013 to February 2014 in SanyoOnoda, Yamaguchi, Japan. SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+ were the dominant ionic species, which accounted for 45%, 23%, and 8% of the total mass of the ion components, respectively. The PM2.5 mass concentrations ranged from 3 μg m−3 to 66 μg m−3, with an annual mean concentration of 21.2 μg m−3. A strong correlation was obtained between the anthropogenic components and PM2.5. Seasonal variations of the ion components and PM2.5 were significant, with the highest concentration being in the spring and the lowest in the summer. The meteorological conditions, such as the rainfall, typhoon, wind direction, and temperature effect the concentration of particulate matter. With wind from the western direction (from west-southwest to north-northwest) the concentration of particulate matter was higher by transport of air mass from the Asian continent. These results suggested a high concentration of particulate matter that was dominated by transboundary air pollution.View full abstractDownload PDF (1284K)
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