物性論研究
Online ISSN : 1883-7808
ISSN-L : 0366-4341
1952 巻, 55 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 篠原 正三, 戸谷 富之
    1952 年 1952 巻 55 号 p. 1-12
    発行日: 1952年
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The behavious of electrons in binary alloys which form solid solutions is discussed in view the Bloch's free-election theory, in which a perturbation potential by a solute atom is taken to be type of Ze2e-qr/r a priori. A shielding constant q is decided self-consistently such as the change of electron density by addition of a solute atom gives that potential, and q is the same value with the shielding constant obtained by Fhoamas-Fermi's method.
    And then the selations between concentration of solute atoms and energies of free elections, and between the former and their paramagentic susceptibilities are discussed respectively.
  • 原島 鮮
    1952 年 1952 巻 55 号 p. 13-20
    発行日: 1952年
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Statistical mechanics of surface tension. It is shown that we can derive the expression of surface tension in terms of disrtribution functions from purely statistical considerations regarding surface tension as the increase in free energy for an increase of unit area of the interface between the liquid and vapor phases.
    The expression obtained is
    γ=1/2∫∫…∫dφ12/dR12x212-Z212/R12ρS(2)(Z, R12)dZ1dv12,
    where γ is the surface tension, φ12 is the intermolecular potential and ρS(2) (Z, R12) is the excess pair density reckoned relative to an arbitrary Gibbs dividing surface. The above expression can be transformed into
    γ=∫(pN-pT)dZ1
    where
    pN(Z)=kTρ(1)(Z1)-1/2∫∫…∫dv12∫Z1Z1-Z1212/dR12Z12/R12ρ(2)(ζ, R12)dζ,
    pT(Z1)=kTρ(1)(Z1)-1/2∫∫…∫dv1212/dR12x122/R12ρ(2)(Z1, R12).
    The results coincide with those of kirkwood and Buff which were derived by calculating stresses directly.
  • 三宅 彰
    1952 年 1952 巻 55 号 p. 21-24
    発行日: 1952年
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The statistical theory of rubber-like elasticity at present uses rather in confusion the concept of the internal pressure and the condition of constant volume during the deformation. The present note criticizes the present situation of the theory and makes cleas the substantial rôle of the condition of constant volume in the existing theory and the relation of that of the internal pressure to this. But in future the condition of constant volume and other properties must be derived from the fundamental nature of the internal pressure.
  • 鎖状分子溶液の網目形成による構造粘性
    山本 三三三, 稲垣 博
    1952 年 1952 巻 55 号 p. 25-35
    発行日: 1952年
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Concentrated solution of chain polymer shows the non-newtonian flow so-called “structural viscosity”, in many cases. In this paper we treated this cause as the result of the net-work formation due to the chemical as well as physical “entangling” among the solute chain polymers. The theory oppeared here was developed along the theory of rubber elasticity with respect to the net-work, and the aim consisted in the obtaining a relation-ship between the rate of shear and the corresponding shear force. In this treatment some used assumptions are as follows: (i) “Net-work viscosity” could be separated from the viscosity proposed by H. Eyring.
    (ii) Rates of breaking and reforming of the junctions in the net-work would be in stationary state and the breaking would take place at a degree of the strain given to the junctions. (iii) Each part of the net-work would move together with the solution involving it. (iv) Entropy in the Gaussian form could be applied to the chain polymer combinning each junction of the net-work. (v) “Proportionality theorem” in the theory of rubber elasticity could be substantiated to each junction of the net-work. (vi) Net-work now considered would consist of a part of the polymer molecules in the solution.
    The result of the calculation could not be endowed in closed form due to the complexity of the “function of the net-work formation”. It seems, however, to be correct comparing with the experimental results that the “net-work viscosity” has a tendency decreasing exponentially with the increasing rate of shear applied.
  • 堀江 忠児
    1952 年 1952 巻 55 号 p. 36-41
    発行日: 1952年
    公開日: 2011/03/02
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is noticed that the equations of motion for two fluids of liquid He II, which have been proposed by Gorter and his collaborators in the general case of non local equilibrium, can be derived from the view point of Prigogine and mazur's theory, without any assumption of local equilibrium, and that in our derivation, the superfluous assumption of (∂Pα/∂T)p, x=0 is not used.
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