I describe the basic framework and applications of quantum resource theories, a general operational framework that allows us to deal with quantification and manipulation of central quantities that are considered precious under a given physical setting. I discuss several important examples of resource theories such as entanglement, quantum thermodynamics, and magic states, as well as an introduction to recent developments in general resource theories.

Chiral effective field theory provides a low-energy expansion of quantum chromodynamics and allows us to derive nuclear force order by order. Combined with many-body techniques, one can define a systematically improvable framework known as a nuclear ab initio calculation. Recently, the range of the applicability of nuclear ab initio calculations reaches heavy nuclei, mass number A～200. In this article, a recent ab initio study for ²⁰⁸Pb is introduced.

Magnons, charge-neutral quasiparticles in magnetic insulators, can carry heat and spin without Joule-heating losses. Their transverse heat transport, known as the magnon thermal Hall effect, arises from emergent gauge fields generated by spin-exchange interactions and spin textures. Conventional U(1) gauge-field picture predicts a no-go condition that precludes the thermal Hall effect in edge-shared lattices such as the square and triangular lattices. Here, we propose a non-Abelian gauge-field picture, in which the noncommutativity of gauge fields generates additional emergent magnetic flux that breaks effective time-reversal symmetry and enables the magnon thermal Hall effect even in edge-shared lattices. Our non-Abelian gauge-field picture sheds light on previously overlooked magnetic systems that can exhibit the thermal Hall effect, providing a further step toward the design of low-power magnonic devices.