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Article type: Cover
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
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Published: February 05, 2015
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2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
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Published: February 05, 2015
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Yasuhiko Fujii
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
77-
Published: February 05, 2015
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Article type: Index
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
78-79
Published: February 05, 2015
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
80-
Published: February 05, 2015
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Hiroshi Okamura
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
81-86
Published: February 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: August 21, 2019
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Introduction to General Relativity 100 years ago.
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Yasushi Suto
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
87-94
Published: February 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: August 21, 2019
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I am working in the fields of observational cosmology and exoplanets, and by no means an expert in general relativity. For some reason, however, I was invited to write this article that would serve as a readable introduction of general relativity to physicists who have forgotten what they learned long time ago in classes of general relativity. Therefore I am pretty definite that this article does not provide any valuable insights to those readers who are already familiar with basic general relativity; they should immediately skip this article and move on to the next several articles written by real experts.
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Hideo Kodama
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
95-102
Published: February 05, 2015
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In this article, we overview distinguished mathematical outcomes of general relativity focusing on subjects related to singularity and four-dimensional black holes.
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Takashi Nakamura
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
103-110
Published: February 05, 2015
Released on J-STAGE: August 21, 2019
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Starting from the historical discovery story of neutron stars, I discuss the effects of the recent discovery of two neutron stars with mass 〜2 times solar mass on the equation of state for superdense matter larger than the nuclear density with the future direction of the research. Next, again starting from the historical discovery story of the first black hole candidate, I discuss the methods to determine the mass of the black hole candidates, the mass distribution function and redshift distribution. Finally, the detection of the gravitational waves is the most important method to confirm or refute that the black hole candidates are really black holes. As a result whether Einstein theory is the correct one or not in strong gravity will be clarified in near future.
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Naoshi Sugiyama
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
111-118
Published: February 05, 2015
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Cosmology became a real science when Einstein introduced general theory of relativity. Here I overview developments of cosmology from a static universe model which Einstein himself proposed, to the expanding universe, big bang, inflation and the universe dominated by dark energy and dark matter.
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Takahiro Tanaka
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
119-124
Published: February 05, 2015
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The Einstein's general relativity has been passing all experimental tests so far. Because of its simplicity, one may think it unnecessary to suspect its validity. However, the experimental bounds on deviations from general relativity are getting more and more tight thanks to efforts of many people. Recent cosmological observations of the accelerated expansion of the universe require the presence of tiny amount of vacuum energy. There are a lot of works related to the modified gravity aiming at resolving this unnaturalness of the cosmological constant. The tests of general relativity also give a tight constraint on such attempts.
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Seiji Kawamura
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
125-129
Published: February 05, 2015
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The existence of the gravitational wave was predicted in the general theory of relativity almost 100 years ago, but it has never been directly detected. Gravitational waves are considered to be emitted from the coalescence of a neutron star binary, the beginning of the Universe, etc. The detection of gravitational waves is expected to establish completely new astronomy, so-called gravitational wave astronomy. The most promising method for the detection of gravitational wave is a laser interferometer. Actually in Japan, the US, and Europe, large-scale laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors, such as KAGRA are being built with expectation of the first detection within several years. Furthermore, future detectors with higher sensitivities have been and are planned and studied to obtain various new science.
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Hirosi Ooguri
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
130-133
Published: February 05, 2015
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Unification of general relativity and quantum mechanics has been one of the most outstanding questions in modern physics. In this article, we will review superstring theory, which is the most promissing candidate for the ultimate theory to achive this unification, with focus on recent topics on "quantum entanglement," whose notion was introduced by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen.
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Masaru Shibata
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
134-139
Published: February 05, 2015
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Numerical relativity is the unique tool to theoretically clarify the nature of dynamical and general-relativistic phenomena such as black-hole formation and merger of neutron-star binaries. In the past decade, appreciable progress has been achieved in this field, and in particular, details of the merger process of binary neutron stars and binary black holes and associated emission process of gravitational waves have been clarified. In this article, we describe the latest progress in this field and touch briefly on the future perspective.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
140-143
Published: February 05, 2015
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[in Japanese]
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
144-149
Published: 2015
Released on J-STAGE: August 21, 2019
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
150-
Published: February 05, 2015
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
150-151
Published: February 05, 2015
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Article type: Appendix
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
152-154
Published: February 05, 2015
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Article type: Appendix
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
154-155
Published: February 05, 2015
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[in Japanese]
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
156-
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2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
157-161
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2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
162-
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Article type: Appendix
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
162-163
Published: February 05, 2015
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Article type: Appendix
2015 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages
164-
Published: February 05, 2015
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