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Volume 1980, Issue 52
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Yoshiyuki TAKEDA, Tadayuki TOYAO1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 1-6
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe flower organs of tea plants show a very wide variation. Accordingly, the morphological characters of the flower organs had been investigated and the variance components of years, varieties and sampled flowers were estimated for the purpose of identification of tea varieties. As a result, a new method of the expression of types of flower organs has been proposed.
Characters of pistil showed the distinct variation among the varieties. Large variances among years were also observed in flower size, length of pistil (b+c), and length of un-splitting part of style (a).
Heritabilities in broad sense were estimated to be 0.460 in flower size, 0.342 in number of petals, 0.044 in number of style arms, and 0.846 in splitting degree of style arm, respectively.
Three characters of pistil having not only large variances among varieties but small ones among years were used in the classification of 48 green tea varieties. Each character was coded as follows:
First, the capital letter (L, M or S ; long, equal or short) indicates the relative length of pistil to stamens. Secondly, the small letter (s, m or d ; shallow, medium or deep) expresses the splitting degree of style arm (a/(b+c)) and lastly the dush (", ' or empty ; distinct, obscure or no) which is set at the second letter's shoulder denotes the constriction of style arm. For instance, Yabukita, Okumidori and Yutakamidori could be coded as Sd, Lm" and Lm', respectively.
By this method, the three groups of varieties which have been sometimes confused could be clearly discriminated, respectively. Therefore, the flower type coding by using the three pistil characters was confirmed to be very effective for identification of the tea varieties.View full abstractDownload PDF (365K) -
Shun AMMA, Yoshie SUZUKI1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 7-10
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe investigations were carried out to establish the method of decotylated embryo culture in tea plant.
The results are as follows:
1. The decotylated embryos were isolated from husked and surface-sterilized tea seeds, and no contaminants grew by submerging the material seeds in 80% ethanol for 1 to 2 minutes without any other treatments including addition of streptomycin to the initiate medium.
2. The root growth of the decotylated embryos was inhibited with the presence of 1 ppm naph-thaleneacetic acid in the MS medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962). Kinetin and benzyladenine were not required for the shoot and root growth in this case.
3. The most suitable medium was the one which contained 4% sucrose and 0.7 or 0.9% agar in the MS medium, and the optimum pH value for the growth was 5.5.View full abstractDownload PDF (286K) -
Haruo KONOMOTO1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 11-18
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe easy method of judging the maturity of new tea shoots was investigated by surveying the degree of the hardness of the stem of new tea shoots, using four varieties (Surugawase, Yabukita,
Kurasawa and Fujimidori) in 1977 and 1978.
The results are as follows.
1. Fifteen to 20 random samples were cut at the base of new tea shoots, weight of 9.42 gr was hung at the top of shoot and the length to top from the base of the curved shoot was measured.
The degree of hardness of the shoots (D. H. S) was given as follows, length to top from the base of the curved shoot/
length of new shoot
×100=D. H. S
2. The results as to yield, quality, percentage of banjhi shoots to the total (P.B.S) and D.H.S, showed that P. B. S increased in curved line and the yield and P.H.S increased in straight line.
3. High positive correlations were observed between the yield and P. B. S, and the yield and D.H.S, and D. H. S was connected with the yield more closely than P.B.S.
4. The quality showed too high correlation to D.H.S and P.B.S, and when P.B.S was over 90%, D.H.S was more suitable for judging the quality than P.B.S.
5. The coefficient of variation of D. H. S was 10 to 20, and about 20 shoots were needed for samples.
6. When D.H.S was measured using various weights (3 to 15 gr), the correlation between D.H.S and weight was very high (=0.99), and D.H.S decreased by 10% every 3 gr of increasing weight.
7. It maybe given as a conclusion that D.H.S can be measured easily and used in the same way as P.B.S.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Shigeyoshi TAMADA, Shinichi HIROSE1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 19-29
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Hitoshi MATSUURA, Yasuharu MIYAZAKI, Sueo ASO, Kozo ISHIGAKI1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 30-35
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes of the chemical components and cells of the tea leaves irradiated with cobalt 60 gammer rays (2, 4, 6 KR) were investigated.
The plants irradiated with gammer ray, especially 4 and 6 KR irradiated plants suffered serious damage.
It was the general tendency that the contents of amino acids, chloropyll and sugar in the irradiated leaves increased, but the tannin content decreased, as compared with those of non-irradiated tea plant. Caffein content was not affected.
Abnormal shape and arrangement of epidermic cells were observed on tea leaves induced from gammer irradiated plants as shown in the microscope photograph.View full abstractDownload PDF (2894K) -
Shûji KÔZAI, Tsuguo HOSHINA1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 36-41
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe colorimetric method for the simple determination of total amino acids in tea, reported by Nakagawa and Anan, who had employed PVPP for removal of polyphenols in sample solution and ninhydrin for color producing reagent, was improved, using Rosen's reagent for color producing.
In this modified method, ninhydrin was reducd by cyanide in reaction system just before color producing reaction. Therfore, are duced nynhidrin reagent which is unstable in the air, do not need to be prepared.
As a result of the modification, the calibration curve become to follow Beer's law over the whole range of concentration, and morethan 30 samples were able to be analysed in a day with the coefficient of variation less than 5%.
The extracts of tea leaves could be kept for about 24 hours in a refrigerator at 5°C, and the solution pretreated with PVPP could be also stored for about 48 hours in same condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (375K) -
Shûji KÔZAI, Tsuguo HOSHINA1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 42-45
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe colorimetric method of Gaines et al. using azomethine H was applied to the estimation of boron in tea plant tissue. By this method, the boron in tea plant tissue was determined with low coefficient of variance (<1%) and high recovery (>98%).
The assay system was as follows. One gram of sample was weighed into a high form porcelain crucible and ashed in a muffle furnase at 600°C for 1.5 hours. The crucible was cooled and the ash was extracted with 10 ml of 0.36N sulfuric acid for one hour at room temperature. The extract was filtered through Whatman #44 9 cm filter paper. Four ml of the filtrate was mixed with 5 ml of azomethine H buffer solution in a plastic test tube. After 60 min., the absorbance of the solution was determined at 420nm. The boron concentration of sample solution was calculated from the regression equation of calibration curve.
The boron content in organs of tea plant of 4-year-old Yabukita in April was 32.6 ppm in old leaf, 10.9 ppm in branch, 7.4 ppm in trunk, 4.3-5.0 ppm in root and 7.9 ppm in rootlet.View full abstractDownload PDF (213K) -
Toshiyuki ARITA, Teruo SHIONO1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 46-54
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA comparative study among the twelve varieties of green tea was carried out about the contents of chemical constituents (Total nitrogen, Amino acids, Caffein, Tannin and Soluble matter) in the new shoots of the 1st and 2nd crops.
After counting the number of leaves and measuring the length, the plucked shoots were dried and analyzed for the components.
The results obtained were compared by eliminating the influence of the growth of shoots on the contents of components.
Total nitrogen and amino acids contents were highest in the shoots of the 1st crop of Yabukita, followed by Toyoka, Yamakai, Surugawase and Yamanami in this order. In the 2nd crop, the contents were highest in Yamanami, but those of Yabukita decreased to a remarkable extent as compared with those of the 1st crop.
As for tannin and caffein, the contents in Okumusashi and Kanayamidori were also comparatively high, but were lower in the early varieties.
There was no appreciable difference in the soluble matter content of the 1st crop among other varieties than Yamakai and Okumidori, the content of which was comparatively low.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
1980 Volume 1980 Issue 52 Pages 55-64
Published: December 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (449K)
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