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Volume 1993, Issue 77
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Takayuki NAKANO, Jun OOISHI1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 1-4
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGrowth of winter bud in tea plant was traced during the period from autumn to next spring. Bud length and number of leaf primordia in a bud were examined on six cultivars.
In all cultivars, both of the two parameters began to increase just after autumn skiffing, and ceased to grow at the beginning of December. After a dormant phase, a new increment of bud length was observed in some cultivars at the end of February. Re-increase in number of leaf primordia was detected only on relatively late-maturing cultivars, 'Yabukita', 'Kanayamidori' and 'Okuhikari'. Growth of winter bud in early spring was less as compared to that in autumn.View full abstractDownload PDF (243K) -
Kunio OKANO, Shinsuke SAKAI1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 5-11
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmino acids content in xylem sap, which might be an indicator of root activities, was analyzed in order to know why the quality of new shoots was improved after deep pruning. The xylem sap was collected from mature tea plants by vacuum suction. After the deep-pruning, free amino acids content in new shoots increased by 20% as compared to non-pruning, while tannin content decreased slightly. Major amino acid in the new shoots was theanine, followed by glutamic acid and aspartic acid irrespective of the pruning. Although volume of collected sap largely changed depending on plants, collecting days and seasons, the deep-pruning had no effect on the volume of collected sap. Main amino acids in the sap were always glutamine and theanine, which accounted for 70% of total amino acids. Tannin was not detected in the sap. Amino acids content in the sap increased by 19-34 % after the deep-pruning, while little change was observed in the composition.These results suggested that the increase of amino acids content in the new shoots after the deep pruning might be due to the rise of root activities, such as the uptake of nitrogen or the synthesis of amino acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
Namiko IKEDA, Hideki HORIE, Toshihiro MUKAI, Testuhisa GOTO1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 13-21
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe contents of total nitrogen, total free amino acids, tannin and caffeine in sprouting shoots were compared among tea cultivars, for Sen-cha, Gyokuro or Ten-cha, Tamaryoku-cha, and black tea.
At first and autumn flush seasons, sprouting shoots of each cultivar, which consisted of three leaves and a bud, were plucked from tea bushes in the field of NIVOT (Kanaya).
Total nitrogen contents of the first flush were in the range from 4.59 to 6.12%, and those of autumn flush were 3.05-4.83%. Total free amino acid contents of the first flush were 1.47-5.07% and those of autumn flush were 0.76-2.86%. Tannin contents of the first flush were 12.1-23.1%, and those of autumn flush were 13.7-21.1%. Caffeine contents of the first flush were 2.60-4.88%, and those of autumn flush were 2.07-3.56%. The contents of total nitrogen, total free amino acids, and caffeine contents in the autumn flush were lower than those of the first flush. Tannin contents of the autumn flush were higher than those of the first flush.
Sen-cha cultivars with high quality, such as 'Yabukita and Okuyutaka', and the cultivars for Gyokuro or Ten-cha were rich in total nitrogen and total free amino acids, and were poor in tannin. The Sen-cha cultivar, 'Meiryoku', which has characteristic refreshing aroma, was poor in total free amino acids. Cultivars for Tamaryoku-cha and black tea were poor in total nitrogen and total free amono acids. Assam hybrids were rich in caffeine.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Hideki HORIE, Toshihiro MUKAI, Tetsuhisa GOTO1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 23-28
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMajor chemical components in teas, Ordinary Sen-cha, Fukamushi Sen--cha, Mushisei Tamaryoku-cha and Kamairisei Tamaryoku-cha, prized at the Japanese Tea Competition 1991 were analysed. In Ordinary Sen-cha average contents of total nitrogen, free amino acids, caffein, tannin and ascorbic acid were 6.7%, 5.2%, 3.6%, 14.2% and 0.40%, respectively. In Fukamushi Sen-cha, averagecontents were 6.7%, 4.9%, 3.6%, 15.0% and 0.45%, in Mushisei Tamaryoku cha, average contents were 6.6%, 4.4%, 3.8%, 13.6% and 0.33%, and in Kamairisei Tamaryoku-cha average contents were 6.3%, 4.2%, 3.8%, 13.8% and 0.36% in the same order as that of Ordinary Sen-cha.View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
Tetsuhisa GOTO, Hideki HORIE, Toshihiro MUAKAI1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 29-33
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: December 03, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeven major amino acids and γ-amino butyric acid in green tea were analyzed within 25 minutes by using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with precolumn derivatization by o-phthalaldehyde. Glycylglycine was used as an internal standard. To separate amino acids, a multi step linear gradient of the concentration of acetonitrile in citrate buffer was used. Average coefficient of variations of the eight amino acids were less than 0.5% for the retension time and about 1.1% for the quantity.View full abstractDownload PDF (309K) -
Yasutoshi SADA, Tsutomu OYAIZU, Takeo MATSUURA, Tadashi GOTO, Yoriyuki ...1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 35-38
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo simplify sample preparation for NIR analysis of tea constituents, the nescessity of grinding process was studied.
1) The calibration lines of contents of moisture, total nitrogen and neutal detergent fiber for non-ground tea leaf which was dried by microwave dryer were made. The correlation coefficients of the multiple regression analysis of moisture, total nitrogen and NDF were R=0.934, 0.961 and 0.865, respectively.
2) By use non ground sample, the NIR analysis was simplified and the total time required for one analysis was reduced for 2-3 min..View full abstractDownload PDF (239K) -
(1) Effects of Concentrations of Some Components of MS Medium and Comparison between MS Medium and Woody Plant MediumMariko SHIBATA, Yukikazu KURANUKI1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 39-45
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of concentrations of macro mineral elements, micro mineral elements and organic elements of MS medium for growth on the in vitro cuttings of tea plant was studied, and MS medium and Wood Plant(WP) medium were compared for growth of cuttings.
Among various concentrations of each element of MS medium, the effect of macro element had extremely a favorable influnce upon growth of cuttings and the shoot of them grew largest on the original concentration of MS medium.
From the result of comparing MS medium with WP medium, the former was superior in the growth of cuttings to the latter.View full abstractDownload PDF (1744K) -
(2) Optimum Concentration of Plant Growth RegulatorYukikazu KURANUKI, Mariko SHIBATA1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 47-55
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe medium of in vitro cuttings of tea plant was studied to find the optimum of concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulator (PGR). Tea cuttings were grown largest on the medium with addition to IBA 0.01 mg/l, BA 1.0 mg/l and GA3 5.0 mg/l or IAA 1.0 mg/l, kinetin 1.0 mg/l and GA3 5.0 mg/l. Callus formed at the base of cultures was grown larger in size as concentrations of PGR were higher.
From the result of further test for various concentrations from 1 to 50 mg/l of GA3, shoots of cuttings were largest on medium with 50 mg/l, but in concentration of above 20 mg/l leaves of cuttings grew abnormally narrow like a willow, and numbers of leaves decreased slightly. Therefore, it was recognized that the concentration of GA3 10 mg/l was critical.
It was appear that the propagation of in vitro cuttings of tea was accomplished on medium with IBA 0.01 mg/l, BA 1.0 mg/l and GA3 10 mg/l. The shoot grew 43 mm in length and had 6 leaves at 7 weeks old after culture.View full abstractDownload PDF (1217K) -
Tadashi GOTO, Kazuo KOBAYASHI, Hiroaki MATSUDA1993 Volume 1993 Issue 77 Pages 57-62
Published: June 10, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe values of color and the contents of total nitrogen (TN) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the Sencha, Fukamushicha and Gyokuro presented to the 34th Shizuoka tea competition (1992) were measured.
1.The relatively high relationship between the color value and the score of the appearance were confirmed and the differences of the criterion for the appearance evaluation among Sencha, Fukamushicha and Gyokuro were recognized.
2.The TN concentration of most exhibits were located in the range of 6 to 7 % of the dry weight of tea samples. The TN contents were high in order of Gyoikuro, Sencha, and Fukamushicha. The NDF contents were located in 10 to 20 %. Gyokuro showed the highest contents of NDF.
3.The positive high correlation coefficients between the ratio of TN to NDF and the total score of sensory tests were observed in three kinds of tea, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (389K)
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