On methylen-5-hydroxy-tetracycline (MOTC), one of the tetracycline derivatives, fundamental and clinical studies were carried out comparing with three other tetracyclines and the following resultswere obtained.
1. Staphylococcus aureus and variety of gram negative bacilli showed generally similar sensitivities against all four tetracyclines. There were complete cross resistances each other.
2. MOTC received the least inactivation by any of Ca, Mg and Al cations whe n tested using CaCl₂. MgSO₃ and KA1(SO₄)₂ solutions.
3. It was concluded that MOTC was much adsorbed by red blood corpuscle and inactivated by mice liver homogenate in the middle grade. The serum protein binding rate was calculated as much as. 53% on average by cellophane bag dialysis method.
4. The organ level of mice following ora l administration of MOTC showed lower value on the whole than TC, being especially great the difference in that of liver.
5. There was comparable inhibitory effect of MOTC to TC against abscess formation following the subcutaneous inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus into the back of mice. Four tetracyclines were considered to be equally effective on the next such experiment.
6. Two cases of one pyelonephritis and anothe r bronchiectasia were treated by MOTC. The former was cured, but in the latter the temporal improvement was followed by deterioration perhaps due to, the change af bacterial flora, in spite of continuation of MOTC treatment.

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Oleandomycin phosphate (Matromycin) 500 mg was injected intravenously by the drop infusion in just 1 hour to 7 healthy volunteers and 12 patients with to variable extent impaired renal function. Mean serum concentration reached the highest level at 1 hour after the biginning of inject ion in both volunteer group and patient group, it was in the first group 20. 9 ± 6. 1 mcg/ml, and 40. 9± 11. 4 mcg/m1 in the second group. After 9 hours, serum concentration became undetectable level in volunteer group.. Conversely, it was sustained at 2. 5±0. 3 mcg/ml in patient group.
Mean urinary concentration in volunteer group was 438±27 0 mcg/ml, and 298 ± 97 mcg/ml in patient, group in first 1 hour, and then 61 ± 22 mcg/ml and 40± 11 mcg/ml in the urine collecting from 6th to 9th hour respectively. Average 9 hours urinary recovery rate was 24. 0± 5. 0% in volunteers and 1 3. 9 ± 3. 1% in patients.
Oleandomy cin clearance value was 43. 4 ± 11. 5 ml/min. in volunteers, but in patients it was reduced depending upon the severity of impairement of renal function.
The administration of Probenecid made the oleandomy cin serum level lowered and its clearance value notably elevated. This means that oleandomycin was markedly reabsorbed at renal tubulus, and Probenecid disturbed the reabsorption.
The correlation of o leandomycin clearance values with values of renal function tests was discussed. The most excellent correlation was obserbed with FISHBERG's concentration test, especially its maximall urine osmolatities. PSP test '(15 minutes values), urine specific gravidites and creatinine clearance values had also good correlation.

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The incidences of bacterial species isolated from urine which were collected in the outpatient-clinic of the urological department in recent 4 years, were statistically studied.
Isolation ratios of some special species differed significantly b etween 3 groups as follows:
i) the bacterial group isolated from patients with and without urinary tract infections.
ii) the bacterial group isolated from patients only with urinary tract infections.
iii) the bacterial group isolated from especially in pure culture from patients with urinary tract infections.
The disc sensitivity test revealed that gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to CL, KM, FT and NA, and gram-positive cocci were sensitive to TC, CP, FT and EM. The incidences of sensitive strains to these drugs were as high as in orders above described.

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In order to certain the clinical effect and prognosis of the concomitant administration of, a chemotherapeutic agent and an analgesic, we studied the clinical results of the use of Sulfisomezole and a nonpyrine analgesic S-207 simultaneously administered in ombination. Female patients with simple acute cystitis were picked up at random but in the order or their registering themselves at the receptionist desk of our Department, for the studies of the effect of treatment by the double blind technique. The cases so studied numbered 23. A control placebo group comprised 22 cases.
In terms of the number of days required for the symptoms and complaint s to decrease and clear, theS-200 group showed much better results in such?stibjectiveSyMptoms aspain on micturition, pal lakisuria, etc. No difference was noted between the two groups, on the other hand, in the number of days for the urine to become negative. Therefore, under the consideration of the sensitivity of the isolated organisms and also the effect on antibacterial activity as deterirtined by variations in the leukocyte count in the urinary sediments, the use of Sulfisomezole and S-207 concomitantly has been found to be an effective and adequate therapy.

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One hundred and fifteen strains of E. coli, 31 strains of Klebsiella, 31 strains of Proteus mirabilis and 24 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from clinical specimens in Toho University Hospital 'during the former half of 1966, and 239 strains of Ps. aeruginosa collected in Tokyo University Hospital in 1966, were investigated for their sensitivity-patterns against 15 sorts of chemotherapeutics, using agar-plate dilution method.
Strains of E. coli, Klebsie l la, and Proteus mirabilis showed a distribution curve of sensitivity bearing two peaks both in the sensitive and high-resistant side against classical broad-spectrum antibiotics such as streptomycin. chloramphenicol and tetracycline, whereas, against other antibiotics they showed generally one peak. As for the strains of Klebsiella, it was noted that they were generally highly resistant to aminobenzylpenicillin, and moderately sensitive to cephalosporine analogues.
Strains of Proteus mirabilis, on the other hand, were comparatively sensitive to aminobeneyl-penicillin, and highly resistant to cephalosporine analogues. Strains of Ps. aeruginosa were ge n erally sensitive against polymyxin-B, colistin sulfate and gentaTnicin. Other drugs were all inactive against this species except that some strains were found sensitive to tetracycline.

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Methacycline, a new tetracycline derivative, published by the study group of Pfizer Institute, U. S. A., is a broad spectrum antibiotic same as well-known tetracycline group antibiotic. How ever, it has 2∼4times antibacterial effect in vivo as compared with that of tetracycline and oxytetracyclite and more prominent effect has also been observed in therapeutic experiment of mouse experimental infectious disease than in tetracycline and oxytetracycline as observed in vitro.

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From the clinical studies on kasugamycin, the following results were obtained.
A total 41 patients including 24 cases of chronic otitis media, 15 cases of chronic paranasal sinusitis and 2 cases of Pseudomonas infection after excision of maxillary cancer, were treated with kasugamycin locally and the effective results were obtained in 56. 1% of them. But in 21 cases due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, effective results were observed in 72. 6%.
No side effect was noted clinically in these cases. These results suggest that kasugamycin has an excellent therapeutic effect on Pseudomonas infection.

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