CHEMOTHERAPY

A new colorimetric assay method is described for the determination of thiamphenicol and its metabolites in biological fluid. This method is based upon separation of these substances utilizing the extraction procedure, followed by oxidation of deacylated thiamphenicol and coloration with diethanolamine azobenzenephenylhydrazine sulfonate.
Using this method, the urinary and biliary excretion, and the blood level following administration of thiamphenicol were measured in rats, rabbits, guinea pigs and men.

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1. Antibacterial activities of PC-G, FC and CP were studied comparatively with 95 clinically isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus by the agar plate dilution method according to the standard stipulated by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy.
2. MIC of FC against the strains were distributed between 1.56 to 0.02 mcg/ml with the peak at 0.09 mcg/ml which is more diluted level in one step than the NAKAZAWA's report.
3. FC & CER were effective against the penicillinase induced staphylococci.
4. Of 95 strains, 81 strains (85%) were the penicillinase induced staphylococci and most of those showed MIC of higher level against PC-G than the non-penicillinase induced staphylococci.
5. Clinical results are as follows;
a Total cases were 38, 31 cases with cutaneous infectious diseases and 7 cases with throat-infection and the infection of urinary tract, of which 21 cases were the oral administered group, Fourteen cases were the fucidin ointment used group and 3 cases the fucidin gauze used group.
b The clinical evaluations were excellent in 5 cases, fairly excellent in 19 cases, fair in 5 cases, failure in 8 cases and indeterminate in 1 case.
c There was no evidence of significant adverse side effects except slight lack of appetite and nausea in only 6 cases.

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