(1) The origin and fate of interstitial cells in the testis of the following animals were confirmed by histological study:
Adult vertebrates:
Middle Yorkshire swine. Frog (Rana nigromaculata HALLOWELL). Toad (Bufo vnlgaris japonicus SCHLEGEL). Water-lizard (Diemyctylus pyrrhogaster BOIE). Roach (Akahara Hahoneusis GÜNTHER).
Young frogs. Pigs. Pig embryos.
For the purpose of comparison with vertebrates, the testis of locusts (Oxya japonica WILLENSE, O.velox Fabricus) and silk worms (Bombyx mori Linnaeus) were also sectioned.
(2) In silk worms, there exist no cells corrsponding morphologically to Leydig's cells as in mammals.
(3) In water-lizards there are isolated interstitial cells found, as well as these groups, surrounded by thin fibrinous membane.
(4) The development of interstitial cells delay in some degree, as compared with the increase of germinal elements.
(5) It is proved that interstitial cells are of the manifold origin, in general stroma as well as Sertoli and follicle cells being the main sources of their formation.
a) The majority of interstitial cells arise from stroma cells in most animals, except those of the testes of ducks of which the considerable number of them spring from Sertoli cells.
b) In all animals, so far as investigated, Sertoli and follicle cells may be converted into interstitial cells. This process is correlated with the degeneration and resorption of germ cells, probably due to the physiological action of the readjust ment of spermatogenesis. in accordance with the development of testis.
c) It would seem also proboble that interstitial cells are derived from cells of the Tunica propria of the spermatic tubules at least in urodeles, roaches and locusts and presumably those of anurans, in addition epithelial elements of the sperm collecting ducts in frogs and toads.
(6) There exist two stages of proliferation of interstitial cells in pigs in an embryonic life, of which the first one is of 37 days old and the second is 100 days old.
(7) Great variability occurs in number and size of interstitial cells during yearly spermatogenetic cycle. In ducks, it is reduced to a minimum near the height of spermatogenetic activity, that is, shortly before gradual return to completely inactive conditions of the non-breeding season, when testis begin to decrease in size and interstitia cells get more difficult to recognize as such and they are almost lacking in some testis.
Although, in other adult animals, the number of them, having the cytoplasm filled with a great number of mitochondria and droplets of fat as well as well-developed Golgi apparatus are greatest and the testis are supplied abundantly with blood vessels during the breeding season and at the time when young animals reach the full sexual maturity.
(8) The appearance of the secondary sexual characters precede the great increase in number of interstitial cells, at the time when the testis is in complete spermatogenetic activity, with the presence of mature spermatozoa in almost every sperrnatogenic tubules.
(9) The stage of the maximam number and secretory activity of interstitial cells is simultaneous with the stage of the intense appearance of the typical feature of the secondary sexual characters and later on, there seems to be parallel relationship between them.
(10) In adult animals, there are ldcal variations in the spermatogenic activity in the same testicle. Interstitial-cell changes bear the reverse relation to conditions of germinal elements; that is to say, interstitial cells develop only when spermagenic tubules are inactive and intertubular spaces wide, and then gradually regress when tubules are in active spermatogenesis and intertubular spaces narrow.

抄録全体を表示

We have experimented on the repressive action of blood serums for rennin coagulation of cow's milk.
1. Repressive power is the largest in pig and horse, human and cow is very weak, Rabbit have no this power.
2. Horse-serums power are different from the time and individual bodies.
3. Acid salts and heavy metals repress, on the contrary (NH₄) ₂ SO₄, sodium salts and posphorus salts keep down on rennin coagulation.
4. Blood-serum globulin have no this power.
5. Dialysed blood-albumin, ammonium sulphate ppt. acts not entirely.
6. Heating serum 80°C vanish this action.
7. Ultra-filteration, freezing, ultra-sound-wave exposure, drying in room temperature or drying, in low temperature Boric acid and succharose addition for blood-serum have no influence on this power.
8. Formaldehyde alcohol phenol and sublimate addition vanish this power.
9. This repressive substance in horse's blood serum become antigen which is able to produce antibodies in blood of rabbit.
10. From above experiments we can consider that this substance is protein and perhaps unknown albumin-like protein.

抄録全体を表示

We have determined on aldehyde and organio acids of electric smoked meats fishes and cheeses and influence of various smoking process. With contents of aldehyde and volatile acids by Romijin's method, its results showed little influence by samples, smoking temperature, and macerating solutions in sampling before distillation. But the time of maceration have large influence on its determination. Besides skin fraction in samples include twice meat fraction in the quantity of Aldehyde and acids.
Samples, about 62% water content, dried properly were smoked most perfectly, that is to say most aldehyde and acids content.
We found electric smoking products content more aldehyde and volatile. acids than contrast normal smoking products. We will study on the influence of other treatments in electric smoking but prepdrying sample.

抄録全体を表示

1) Changes in the ovaries examined by the rectal palpation method are almost the same as in horses reported by SATO and HOSHI (1932).
2) The largest follicle is 1.0-3.0 cm in diameter at the beginning of oestrus and 3.0-4.5 cm on theday before th ovulation.
3) As regards frequencies of ovulation during one oestrus, once is in fifteen cases (68.2%), twice in five cases (22.7%) and thrice in two cases (9.1%).
Polyovulations are thus characteristic in jennies, being different from in horses which ovulate mosty once only during one oestrus.
4) The first ovlation occurs on the day between from three to nine days, on an average 6.6 days after the beginning of the oestrus. When days are calculated from the end of oestrus, ovulation occurs between zero and five days, on an average 14 days from the closures.
5) Phenomena of such abnormal oeytrus, as continuous, short, feeble or latent one were experienced in the same manner as in horses.

抄録全体を表示