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Volume 34 (1963)
- Issue 6 Pages 361-
- Issue 5 Pages 303-
- Issue 4 Pages 235-
- Issue 3 Pages 165-
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 34, Issue 6
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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C. W. TURNER1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 361-367
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
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Tadao KINOSITA1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 368-374
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
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I. Effect of Heat on Casein MicelleShigeru YOSHIDA, Shunrokuro ARIMA, Yoshio HASHIMOTO1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 375-379
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCasein micelles were aggregated by addition of CaCl2, and the turbidity of the caseinmicelle suspension was increased. Turbidity was measured with a spectrophotometer (E1cm=610mμ) after holding the following solution at 35°C for 10 to 60 minutes. The solution consisted of 0.2% casein, 0 to 100mM CaCl2, and 0.02M borate buffer at pH7.0.
The aggregation caused by interaction of Ca++ and casein micelles lowered the stability of the micelles in colloidal state, and precipitation of the micelles was accelerated by centrifugation. The temperature at which CaCl2 was added had a remarkable influence on the aggregation of micelles.
When the casein micelle was heated at 60 to 90°C for 10 minutes, its sensitivity to calcium was decreased. A difference in turbidity was observed between two kinds of casein-micelle suspensions, one heated after addition of borate buffer and the other heated with no addition.View full abstractDownload PDF (332K) -
1. Effect of Clover Extract on Activities of Rumen MicroorganismsNaomi TAKAHASHI, Teruo KASUKAWA, Yoshitaka NOZAKI1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 380-386
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne part of dehydrated powder of Ladino and Crimson clover was soaked in ten parts of a mixture of diluted HCl solution and acetone (20:1) at pH1-2. The ingredients were kept in an incubator at 35-40°C for about 10 days. Then the resulting extract was concentrated to one-fifth of the initial volume under vacuum condition after neutralized with NaOH.
It was recognized that this extract had some effect on the activities of the rumen microorganisms; that is, rumen infusoria grew to present the fission when cultivated in media containing 1-2% of the extract. Sheep and goats which had been fed on hay were given 200cc of this extract into the rumen through the fistula daily before feeding in the morning for two weeks. As a result, the number of rumen infusoria was found to have increased in them.
Furthermore, the rumen bacteria of sheep and goats were examined for power of gas formation before and after administration of the extract. The rumen contents were taken out before feeding in the morning and filtrated through double gauze. The resulting filtrates were centrifuged to remove large debris. Two w/v per cent glucose was added to the supernatants, which were put into fermentation tubes by means of a modified syringe prepared especially for this experiment. Then the volumes of the gas which had been produced by them during incubation at 39°C for 3-5 hours were examined. As a result, it was ascertained that more gas was always formed after this extract had been infused than before the extract was infused.
From these results, it was concluded that this extract had some factors which exerted an influence on the activities of the rumen microorganisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (1919K) -
I. Changes of DNA Content in the Mammary Glands of Lactating MiceTateki CHIKAMUNE1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 387-408
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe values of the nucleic acids, lactose, fresh and dry tissues in the lactating mammary glands were studied in mice.
1. DNA increased slowly in the early stage of lactation, reaching a plateau on lactation day 9. From day 9 to 15, it kept almost the same value and then decreased rather suddenly.
2. Standard variation of the DNA values was generally larger in the middle stage than in the early and the last stage of lactation.
3. RNA rised fairly rapidly, reaching the maximum on day 14, and fell sharply thereafter. In general, the values of lactose, fresh tissue, and dry fat-free tissues showed the same trend as that of RNA.
4. From the results mentioned above, it is assumed that the lactating activities in the mammary glands of mice may rise rapidly immediately after the delivery, showing the maximum value about day 14, and decreases thereafter.
5. The mammary-gland tissue in the last stage of lactation seemed to be different in quality from that in the early and the middle stage of lactation. It might have decreased its activities when there was standing milk in the gland or when sucking stimulation was deficient.
6. The values of RNA may be available as a quantitative index for the lactating activities of the mammary glands.View full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
V. Effects of surface-active agents and ethylene-diaminetetraacetate on lipases and purification of lipases by chromatography on anion-exchange celluloseZENICHI SAITO, YOSHIO HASHIMOTO1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 393-403
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSkim milk and the sediment obtained from skim milk by centrifugation (9, 600×G, 60 minutes, 2°C) and the subsequent dialysis were subjected to (1) treatment with surface-active agents, (2) dissolving with sodium pyrophosphate and ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and (3) isolation of lipase by chromatography on anion-exchange cellulose. Lipase activities were determined at both pH levels of 7.0 and 8.6. The following results were obtained.
(1) Both lauryldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and sorbitan monolaurate at the concentration of 0.05% failed to remove lipase activities from casein micelles.
(2) Dissolving of the sediment with 0.008M sodium pyrophosphate resulted in no increase of lipase activities. Addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetate to skim milk at the concentration of 1% and the subsequent dialysis caused an increase in the total lipase activities.
(3) Chromatography of skim milk and its sediment led to a successful isolation of lipase rich fractions which corresponded to β-casein. One of the ipase-rich fractions was almost homogeneous like one observed by electrophoresis. The average lipase activities at pH7.0 and pH8.6 of the isolated fraction were 15.1 and 6.1 times, respectively, those of the skim milk.View full abstractDownload PDF (1111K) -
Shozo OKAMOTO1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 404-408
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of the Characterization of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in cow urine, a urine sample was collected from a healthy lactating Holstein cow and treated by a modified Cartlandand Kuizenga's method. The extract obtained was used as a sample for paper chromatography.
Paper chromatography was carried out with three solvent systems. Steroids were detected by ultraviolet absorption with the aid of a fluorescent detector (2537 Å). The results obtained were as follows.
E=extract of cow urine, HC=hydrocortisone, CS=cortisone.
Solvent system:A=xylene and absolute methanol;
B=toluene, ethyl acetate, absolute methanol, and water;
C=toluene which was saturated with propylene glycol,
These results clearly indicate that hydrocortisone, a kind of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, was contained in the urine of the experimental cow in the present study.
No further attempt was made to identify the other small absorptive spots (Rf 0.15) which were separated when the toluene-propylene glycol system was used.View full abstractDownload PDF (317K) -
VII. Correlation between neurosecretion and cytological changes in the anterior hypophysis following the act of coitus in rabbitsTatsuo NAKAHARA1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 409-417
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe control mechanism in the regulation of pituitary gonadotropin secretion by the hypothalamus after the act of coitus in rabbits was studied with histological techniques.
Following the act of coitus, the neurosecretory cells of both supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei showed distinct signs of high secretory activity, i. e., enlargement of perikaryon and cell nucleus, degranulation, "Hofbildung", and vacuolization. In some neurons of these nuclei, HERRING body-like cells and degeneratively vacuolated cells were observed frequently, as a result of the stress of coitus. After the coitus, the granules in the hypothalamo-hypophysial tract increased correspondingly to the augmentation of secretory activity of the neurosecretory cells, suggesting an increase in the transport of these granules to the neurohypophysis. The granules in the neurohypophysis decreased greatly after the coitus. Degranulation was marked in the peripheral zone of the blood vessels, suggesting an increase in the release of granules into these vessels. The granules which had penetrated from the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial neurosecretory system (HNS) into the adenohypophysis increased greatly after the coitus. They became visible in the anterior pituitary during the first 20 minute after the coitus.
Following the act of coitus, the acidophils and basophils of the anterior pituitary increased in size and in the amount of granules within 10 minutes. Then degranulation was clearly observed in these cells during the post-coitus stage. These findings indicate a possibility that the neurosecretory substance demonstrated increasingly in the anterior pituitary after the coitus may be responsible for such hypertrophy and degranulation of the anterior pituitary cells.
Following the act of coitus, the cells of the thyroid gland, adrenal cortex and islets of LANGERHANS underwent such cytological changes as exhibiting active secretion.
From these findings, it was concluded that the tactile stimulus of coitus passed through the afferent nerve pathway to activate the HNS, which in turn excited the neurohypophysis to liberate the neurosecretory substance, and that the neurosecretory substance penetrated increasingly from the HNS into the adenohypophysis after the coitus had promoted the release of gonadotrophic and other eutrophic hormones from the anterior pituitary.View full abstractDownload PDF (2275K) -
1963 Volume 34 Issue 6 Pages 424
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
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