All issues
Volume 36, Issue 7
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
(3) Chemical Studies of Water-Soluble Protein of Soybean MealsKazue Aso1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 247-251
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChemical Studies of Soybean protein were undertaken to evaluate soybean meals in the course of research program in this laboratory. Some of it's properties were described.
(1) The amino acid compositions of commercial processed and heated meals and underheated meals were analysed. No significant differences in amino acid compositions were observed.
(2) An experiment has been made in the application of in vitro digestion trials to study the differences in rate of enzyme attack of the water soluble protein extracted from the heated and underheated meals. The protein digestibility of the heated meals was significantly higher than that of underheated ones.
(3) Ultracentrifuge sedimentation patterns of the protein in aqueous extracts of soybean meals were illustrated. The patterns were not altered by heating such as commercial processed conditions.
(4) The effect of heat on the electrophoretic behavior of the proteins in aqueous extracts of soybean meals was studied. The electrophoreticsView full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
(4) Study of the Trypsin Inhibiting FractionsKazue Aso1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 252-259
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA trypsin inhibiting fraction was precipitated with alcohol according to the method of KUNITZ. The inhibitor of crystalline protein was isolated. Another trypsin-retarding fraction, which was insoluble in acetone, was extracted out of underheated meals according to the method of BOWMAN. They inhibited the proteolytic action of crystalline trypsin. The inhibiting activities were measured. The amino acid compositions of the soybean trypsin inhibitors were analysed. An experiment was conducted in an attempt to study the effects of growth inhibiting materials present in the underheated meals. Acetone insoluble fraction, extractedout of underheated meals, were used as a source of trypsin inhibitor.
Corn soybean meal type diet supplemented by the acetone insoluble fraction and corn-underheated soybean type diet, fed in the diets at level which supplied equivalent quantities of trypsin inhibitor, were not equally toxic as judged by the effects on growth of chicks. Acetone insoluble fraction could not account for all the growth retarding effects obtained with underheated meals. It was suggested that other component(s) of underheated meals in adddition to acetone insoluble fraction affected the nutritional value of the meals.View full abstractDownload PDF (919K) -
IV. Effect of Inhibitors of Aspartase on the Ammonia Production and Nitrogen Balance in SheepSadao HOSHINO1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 260-265
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were carried out to obtain information on the properties of ammonia formation in the rumen and the effect of depression of ammonia production on the nitrogen balance in sheep.
Addition of PCMB, MIA or citrate, known as inhibitors of aspartase, depressed the apparent ammonia formation by strained whole rumen liquor from casein in vitro. When these drugs were infused through the rumen fistula, the ammonia concentration of the rumen content was decreased. Addition of glucose to casein diets had same effect on the ammonia concentra-tion of the rumen content.
For the animals being fed citrate with casein, nitrogen balance was slightly improved but the volume of feces tended to increase and the apparent digestion coefficient of nitrogen went down. The addition of PCMB and glucose seemed to improve the nitrogen balance.View full abstractDownload PDF (320K) -
V. Effect of Carbohydrates and Antibiotics on the Ammonia ConcentrationSadao HOSHINO1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 266-273
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The effect of carbohydrate and antibiotics on the ammonia-N concentration was studied in vitro on the rumen liquor taken from a sheep fitted rumen fistula.
2) The marked low ammonia-N concentration was observed by addition of xylose, glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, cellobiose or raffinose.
3) The ammonia-N concentration also dropped by addition of mannose, dextrin, starch, inulin or xylan but the effect was rather smaller than the above group.
4) By addition of cellulose there was no significant change in ammonia-N concentration within 2 hours.
5) When fructose was present, significant decrease in ammonia-N concentration was accompanied with significant increase in microbial nitrogen and fall in pH value of the medium. Amino nitrogen also increased, while the difference from control was not significant.
6) The pH optimum in apparent ammonia production was around pH 7.0. And below pH 6.0 or above 8.0, ammonia-N concentration decreased.
7) From these results it is suggested that the addition of carbohydrate stimulates the uptake of ammonia by micro-organisms and their growth. Meanwhile, the carbohydrate is fermented to VFAs and the pH goes down. The low pH depresses the ammonia production. In these ways, the apparent ammonia-N concentration might be reduced.
8) Addition of penicillin had little effect on ammonia-N concentration. Tetracycline and streptomycin were effective. In the presence of kanamycin there was an increase in ammonia-N concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
(17) The influence of amide nitrogen contents in limed skin tissue on the chrome absorbtionHiroshi OKAMURA, Yukiharu MOROHASHI, Akira KAWAMURA1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 274-277
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was carried out to examine the relation between the quantity of amide nitrogen in limed skin and the amount of Cr2O3 absorbed on it using chromium perchlorate at pH 3.0-3.2 and 3.8-4.0.
The results obtained indicated the quantities of the amide nitrogen varied with the time of liming and the extent of these changed values was significant. The amount of Cr2O3 absorbed at pH 3.0-3.2 varied with its amide nitrogen contents and there was large difference at pH 3.8-4.0.
In general, the increase of the reactivity of acidic group of protein after liming may not be a chief factor for the large absorbtion of Cr2O3. It seems to be that depend mainly on the changes of skin tissue itself, for example, the changed structure of micelle by liming.View full abstractDownload PDF (261K) -
11. Effects of some respiratory inhibitors on metabolism of fowl spermatozoaShigeo YOSHIDA, Hiroshi MASUDA1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 278-285
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study the interrelation between metabolism and motility, investigations were made, at 40°, on the effects of five respiratory inhibitors on respiration, glycolysis and motility of fowl spermatozoa which were once washed and suspended in Ca free KRP. The results are as follows:
1. Malonate showed appreciable inhibition neither on endogenous respiration nor on motility but it showed a slight inhibition in glucose containing suspension. The addition of succinate brought about an increase in the rate of oxygen consumption but this was made invalid by the addition of malonate.
2. Respiration was greatly inhibited by arsenite and cyanide at the concentration of 10-3M and by hydroxylamine at 10-2M. The inhibition of respiration caused that of sperm motility. In the presence of glucose, the accumulation of lactic acid was stimulated compensatorily with the inhibition of respiration but the inhibition of motility was relieved only in the case of cyanide.
3. Fluoroacetate inhibited respiration at the concentration of 10-3M in the absence of glucose and at 10-4M in the presence of glucose. Though glycolysis was increased compen-satorily, the inhibition of sperm motility was quite parallel to that of respiration. The competitive inhibition between fluoroacetate and sodium acetate or sodium citrate was observed.
4. The above results suggest that the respiration of fowl spermatosoa is carried out through TCA cycle and that it is more closely related to their motility than to the rate of glycolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (702K) -
III. On the Meyerhof Quotient of fowl spermatozoa and effects of some glycolytic and oxydative phosphorylatic inhibitors on metabolism and motility of fowl spermatozoaShigeo YOSHIDA, Hiroshi MASUDA1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 286-292
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study the interrelation between respiration, glycolysis and sperm motility, measurement of MEYERHOF Quotient was carried out and investigations were made on the effects of glycolytic inhibitors and oxydative phosphorylatic inhibitors on metabolism and motility of fowl spermatozoa once washed and suspended in Ca free KRP or KRB at 40°. The results are as follows :
1. The MEYERCOF Quotient for the washed fowl sperm suspension in the presence of glucose was 7.9-10.1 and was higher than those of mammalian spermatozoa, indicating pronounced 'PASTEUR effect '.
2. Inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis by 10-2M fluoride was about 40% and that by 10-4M iodoacetate was almost complete. The inhibition of sperm motility was completely coincident with the inhibition of sperm glycolysis and a close relationship was observed between them.
3. Under anaerobic condition, arsenate (10-2M) reduced glycolysis to 50% and reduced sperm motility at the same time. But under aerobic condition, its effect was observed neither on respiration nor motility. DNP, which is the inhibitor for oxidative phosphorylation, stimulated glycolysis as well as well as respiration in the presence of glucose but inhibited sperm motility. Azide uncoupled respiration from phosphorylation and caused an inhibition of sperm motility, while glycolysis was observed to increase.
4. The results of this and the previous reports indicate that the glycolysis and respiration of fowl spermatozoa proceed through the 'EMBDEN-MEYERUOF system' and through the 'Tri-carboxylic Acid cycle' and suggest the intervention of energy rich phosphate bond forming ystem which goes through cytochrome-cytochrome oxidase system. Further, they seem to indicate that the energy source for sperm motility in the fowl is mainly obtained from respiration rather than from glycolysis and that although the glycolysis proves an important energy source for sperm motility under anaerobic condition, it acts only supplementally under aerobic condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
Seiki WATANABE, Misao KANEMAKI, Shozo SUZUKI1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 293-299
Published: July 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiments were carried out to confirm the presence of normal iso-agglutinins and hemolysins in goat blood sera and the new cellular antigenic factors by iso-immune hemolysins, and to clarify the frequencies of appearance of new antigenic factors in a few populations of Japanese saanen and native goats and their hybrids in Rukyu Islands. The results obtained were as follows:
1) The presence of normal antibodies in goat blood sera was clarified by hemagglutination and hemolysis. The frequency of appearance of the normal antibodies was low and the antibodies titers were observed to be about 1 or 2 fold in normal blood sera.
2) The antibodies might be inactivated by being heated at 56° for 15 minutes.
3) Four new type specific hemolysins (Ch1, Ch2, Ch3 and Ch4) were prepared by iso immunization with blood cells. Therefore, four new cellular antigenic factors (Ch1-, Ch2-, Ch3- and Ch4-antigen) in goat blood cells were confirmed by these hemolysins. These antigenic factors were recognized to differ serologically from two type specific agglutinogens (G1 and G2) described by SUZUKI et al.
4) Hemolysin-titers of anti-Ch1, anti-Ch2, anti-Ch3 and anti-Ch4 serum were 32, 8, 16 and 32 fold, respectively.
5) The frequencies of appearance of Ch1-, Ch2-, Ch3- and Ch4-antigen among 372 goats of Japanese Saanen breed were 18.82%, 67.47%, 29.84% and 72.04%, respectively. Distinct differences in the frequency of appearance of these antigenic factors among a few populations were as shown in Table 9. The frequencies of appearance of these antigenic factors in native goats and their hybrids in Rukyu Islands were 7.31%, 39.86%, 30.56% and 22.92%, respectively.
6) By combining these four antigenic factors, blood types of goats were classified into 16 types. The frequencies of appearance of each type in 372 goats of Japanese Saanen were shown in Table 10. That of Ch2Ch4-type was the highest of 22.85%, and Ch1-, Ch3- and Ch1Ch3-type could not be observed in these populations.View full abstractDownload PDF (529K) -
1965 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 300
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (23K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|