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Volume 46, Issue 12
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Ryoji ONODERA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 661-670
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (984K) -
Hiroshi MASUDA, Akira OKAMOTO, Yasushi WAIDE1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 671-676
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report concerned the autosomal abnormality (Robertsonian translocation) found in an intersexual pig. This intersexual pig was phenotypically normal and had female-like external genitalia with a slightly enlarged clitoris, a vagina, well developed uterine horns, ductus deferences, seminal vesicles, prostates and testes with epididymides. The seminiferous tubules in testicular tissue were underdeveloped and no spermatogenesis was observed (Fig. 1). The chromosome constitution was investigated with leucocytes and cultured cells from the skin and the gonad. The karyotype of this pig was 37, XX. The translocation occurred between a large and a small telocentric chromosome, resulting in a large submetacentric chromosome. It was confirmed with the utilizatin of Giemsa banding technique that this large submetacentric chromosome was formed with centric fusion between Nos. 13 and 17 terocentric chromosomes (Table 1 and Figs. 2, 3).View full abstractDownload PDF (1151K) -
Teru ISHIBASHI, Masao KAMETAKA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 677-683
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo experiments were conducted to reconfirm the essentiality of histidine for maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium and to investigate the effect of dietary histidine levels on overall metabo lism of histidine-14C in adult roosters. Each of White Leghorn roosters, older than 8 months of age, was given daily 70g of a diet containing 6.8% amino acid mixture for 21 days in Expt. 1 and 7 days in Expt. 2, respectively. Dietary histidine levels were changed from 0 to 0.118% in Expt. 1 and from 0 to 0.70% in Expt. 2. The concentration of hemoglobin, red blood cell and total plasma protein and the hematocrit value were determined. After L-histidine-U-14C was dosed, the radioactivity in respiratory carbon dioxide and in total excreta was measured for 8 hours and for 24 hours, respectively. Then, the roosters were sacrificed by decapitation and the radioactivity in tissue protein fractions. The results obtained were summarized below: 1) The positive nitrogen balance was not maintained on the histidine-free diet, but 2) no effect of dietary histidine level was found in the weight of body and tissues except testis, the concentration of hemoglobin, red blood cell and total plasma protein and hematocrit value as clinically examined both in Expts. 1 and 2. 3) The recovery percentage of radioactivity in respiratory carbon dioxide and in tissue proteins increased or decreased when a histidine level in diets increased more than 0.118%, but 4) the recovery percentage of radioactivity in excreta was independent of the dietary histidine level.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Shinobu TANEBE, Kenichi KAMEOKA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 684-692
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to determine effect of fat level in milk replacer on plasma and liver lipids of kids. Experimental diets consisted of unsalted butter fat, lactose and sodium caseinate. Low fat, medium fat and high fat diets contained 3, 22 and 38% butter fat, respectively. The intakes of energy and protein were identical in the three groups. Kids (at 8 days of age) were on experiment for four weeks. Blood samples were taken during the second, the third and the fourth week of the experimental period. Kids fed high fat diet showed significantly lower weight gains for the first two weeks than the other groups, but there was no significant difference in weight gain for subsequent two weeks among the three groups. These results suggest that kids are not able to adapt well to high fat diet during the first two weeks. The concentrations of plasma triglycerides in high fat group during the second week were significantly higher than those in low fat group, but during the third week there was no significant difference. During the fourth week, kids fed low fat diet had slightly but significantly higher concentrations of plasma triglycerides. There was a tendency for the concentrations of plasma total cholesterol and phospholipids to increase with dietary fat level. Increasing dietary fat level resulted in an increase in total liver lipids and a decrease in liver glycogen. Liver lipid analysis indicates that triglyceride and phospholipid contents of liver are enhanced by increasing dietary fat level but there are no significant differences in free fatty acid and total cholesterol contents among the three groups. These results suggest that kids fed high carbohydrate (lactose) diet tend to store a part of excess energy as glycogen in liver, while those fed high fat diet tend to deposit it as lipid in liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Tsuneo HIND, Masao KAMETAKA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 693-705
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSteroids in rumen oligotrich protosoa were analysed principally by thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. As the major steroids stigmastanol (24-ethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-0l), campestanol (24-methyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol) and cholestanol (5α-cholestan-3β-0l) were identified, and the presence of other unidentified sterols as the minor constituents was shown. The former two stanols appear to be derived from feed sterols by hydrogenation, but metabolic origin of cholestanol is not clear enough. Total sterol content of these protozoa was usually 0.6-0.9% of dry matter and 6-7% of total lipid in weight. The sterol composition was stigmastanol60-66%, campestanol 13-15%, cholestanol 11-17% and other sterols 7-9%. A markedly high proportion of cholestanol was found in the protozoa collected from a goat fed an almost steroid-free diet. The short-term growth culture of protozoa in a steroid-free medium resulted in a marked decrease of the total sterol per dry matter. This dilution was caused by protozoal growth accompanied with slight decrease in the absolute amount of total sterols, in spite of the remarkable increase of cholestanol in the absolute quantity. The rise of cholestanol indicates that this stanol is either synthesized de novo or derived from other sterols. These results show that protozoa are uncapable of maintaining their total sterol level without exogenous steroids, even though they are able to synthesize cholestanol. This may explain, at least in part, the fact that rumen protozoa require exogenous sterols for their optimal growth.al growth.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
Haruhiko WATANABE, Akira MIYAZAKI, Ryoji KAWASHIMA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 706-712
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe object of this experiment was to study the effect of urea intake on water intake, urine volume and some urinary mineral levels in sheep to know the effect of urea intake on the occurrence of urolithiasis in ruminants on high concentrate ration. Six adult wethers were allotted to two uniform lots (soy-protein lot and urea lot) and were used in 2×2 factorial design trials. Each trial involved a 14-day preliminary period followed by a 10-day fecal and urinary collection period. During the collection period, water intake, urine volume, fecal moisture, urinary pH, urinary osmotic pressure and urinary Ca, Mg and P were determined. Experimental data were evaluated statistically by analysis of variance performed among groups, treatments and periods. Urine volume per metabolic body size was significantly greater (131%, P⟨.05) in the urea-fed animals than in the soy-protein-fed animals. Similar but non-significant increase was found on water intake (117%) in the animals which received urea ration. However, no difference was observed on fecal moisture, urinary osmotic pressure, Hematocrit and urinary pH, urinary Ca and P levels between the treatments. Urinary Mg level in the urea-fed animals was lower than that of the soy-protein-fed animals. The results suggested that effect of urea intake on the prevention of urolithiasis seemed to be introduced by the increased excretion of urine and not by other factors such as the changes of urinary pH or urinary levels of minerals. The relationship between water intake and urine volume in this experiment was known to be described in the following equation; U. V.=0.189 W. I. +68.97, where U. V. and W. I. =urine volume (ml) and water intake (ml) per metabolic body size of the animals per day.View full abstractDownload PDF (405K) -
Yoshinobu OHYAMA, Shin-ichiro HARA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 713-721
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYeasts were isolated from the silages exposed to air for one week, some of which had deteriorated during this period. Some yeasts thus obtained were cultivated on the water extracts of the silages and on the synthetic media of which carbon sources simulated the silages. It was found that some of the yeasts did not grow on the extracts of poor quality silages which were not to deteriorate on air exposure. By means of the addition of carbon sources to the extracts of the poor silages and the addition of some volatile fatty acids to the extracts of good silages, it was recognised that the stability of the poor silages are due to the presence of butyric acid and/or propionic acid. On the equimolar basis, butyric acid showed stronger inhibition on yeast growth than propionic acid. The effects of these acids proved to be clearer at lower pH. Addition of propionic acid or butyric acid (80m mole/kg silage) prevented aerobic deterioration of silage, the effect being more distinct with butyric acid than propionic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
Influence of Direct Addition of Ammonium Carbonate to Grass Silage on the Voluntary Intake of CattleM. KIKUCHI, F. SHIBATA, S. OSHIMA1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 722-723
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (163K) -
Reduction of Embryonic Loss by Decreasing Calorie- protein Ratio in the Rat Fed the High Energy DietMamoru SAITOH, Seiya TAKAHASHI1975 Volume 46 Issue 12 Pages 724-725
Published: December 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous experiment1), the authors found that high embryonic loss rate in rats fed the high energy diet could be reduced by decreasing of calorie-protein ratio (CPR).
On the other hand, DEAN et al.2), GOSSETT and SORENSEN3) reported that negative correlation was observed between backfat thickness and embryonic survival rate in gilts.
This experiment was designed to determine a favorable CPR for minimizing the embryonic loss rate in female rats fed the high energy diet and to investigate the relationship between energy or nitrogen retention and reproductive performance in rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (109K)
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