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Volume 54, Issue 2
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Junichi TAKAHASHI, Akio TAKATSU, Yutaka IMAI, Yoshiharu SUZUKI, Hirosh ...1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 67-73
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn experiment was conducted to study the influence of level and source of nitrogen on ruminal nitrite accumulation and erythrocyte methemoglobin formation in ruminant given nitrate under low energy feeding condition. Three adult Suffolk Down wethers with rumen fistula were fed six diets with total digestible nutrients (TDN) 50% and digestible crude protein (DCP) 50(N-1), 100 (N-2) and 200% (N-3) of their requirements based on National Research Council feeding standard. The half amount of each DCP source consisting mainly of soybean meal and fish meal was substituted for urea (U-1, U-2 and U-3). All animals were given 24g of sodium nitrate as a 30% (w/v) aqueous solution into the rumen. Ruminal pH corresponding to ammonium nitrogen contents tended to rise over 6.38 as the amounts of dietary DCP and urea supplemented increased. Similarly, the increased amounts of dietary DCP and partial relpacements of each DCP source by urea resulted in higher accumulation of ruminal nitrite and then marked increase in plasma nitrite. Formation of methemoglobin increased with increment of DCP level and was 22 and 5% in U-1 and U-2, respectively, more than it in diets with same levels of DCP.View full abstractDownload PDF (454K) -
Rokuro TAMATE, Fumio OHTAKA1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 74-79
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRepresentative value for iron content in pork from 65 pigs of accurately known history was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the differences due to various factors (year, season, breed, muscle and sex) were analyzed statistically. The data on iron content in pork were classified into five groups by the factors and summarized in Table 1. The means (95% confidence limit) of 219 samples were as follows: 2.10±0.10mg/dg (wetbasis), 1.94±0. 10 mg/g of ash. The highly significant differences were found in iron content of pork among muscles and the significant differences among years and between seasons. However, the differences between breeds and between sexes were not significant.View full abstractDownload PDF (432K) -
Yoshiyuki OHTAKE1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 80-89
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPorcine kidney leaf fats used in this study obtained from the pig carcasses which selected at random on the market of Utsunomiya slaughter house and which were judged as soft fat pork by the carcass grader in the same slaughter house. Kidney leaf fats from soft fat pork contained less C16:0, C18:0 and total saturated fatty acid and more C18:2 and C18:3 acids than the random sampling pork fats which were considered as having the average characteristics of market porks. The fats from soft pork had lower melting points and higher refactive indexes than those from the random sampling porks, as was expected. On the market pig carcasses tested, the fats from barrow had less contents of C18:2 and total unsaturated fatty acids and lower refractive indexes than the fats from gilts and boars. The contents of C16:0 and total saturated fatty acids of kidney leaf fats decreased and the contents of C18:2 acids and refractive indexes increased as the pig carcass weight increased. From the research on market pig carcasses, it was known that the kidney fats from carcasses with grater backfat thickness had higher contents of C18:1 and less of C16:0 and C18:0 acids as compared with that from smaller backfat thickness. The contents of C18:2 acid and the refractive indexes were the least on the fats from carcasses with backfat thickness of the range from 1.5 to 2.4cm, and, on the contrary, the fats from carcasses with backfat thinckness of 1.5-1.9cm had the highest contents of total saturated fatty acids and the lowest refractive indexes than other carcass kidney fats. Correlate relationships were recognized among the individual fatty acid contents of kidney leaf fats studied. The correlation of C16:0 acid content with C18:0 or C18:2 acid contents were considerably high (r=0.83 and -0.84, respectively), and the correlation of C18:0 acid content with C18:2 acid content was also high (r=-0.73). The correlation of melting point with refractive index of fats was considerably high(r=-0.71). The melting point of fats had high correlations with the contents of C16:0 C18:0 or total saturated fatty acids, and then, the correlation of refractive indexes with each fatty acid content, except of C18:1 acid, was considerably high. From the results obtained, it was considered that these relationships among the each characteristic of kidney leaf fats of pigs were rather useful for the judgment of soft fat pork.View full abstractDownload PDF (1175K) -
Kyung Kwang LEE, Hiroyuki SUZUKI, Hiroyuki SUZUKI, Yoshio TSUTSUMI1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 90-96
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of induced ovulation on pregnancy was investigated in pregnant rabbits. On each day during the 1st to the 30th day of pregnancy, a separate group of pregnant does received an i. v. injection of 50 IU of hCG and were allowed to go to term. The gestation period was divided into 5 stages according to response to induced ovulation during pregnancy, although various phenomena had been demonstrated such as partial or complete abortion, normal or delayed parturition, delivery of normal, dead or mummified fetuses, and so on. For stage I (ovulation induced from 1 to 7 days post coitum), normal parturition occurred in 70% of does. The ratio decreased markedly to 50% for stage II (8 to 14 days), 24% for stage III (15 to 20 days), and 4% for stage IV (21 to 27 days). For stage V (28 to 30 days), most of does delivered normally. Rate of resorption of fetuses was the highest for stage II (27%), 4% for stage I and 8% for stage III. Ovulation in stages III and IV resulted in high incidence of partial and complete abortion (64% in stage III and 81% in stage IV). Stage IV, especially, was associated with increased partial abortion which led to delayed parturition or prolonged gestation. In comparison of overall mean numbers of offspring recorded (including aborted fetuses and young in delayed parturition), the number for stage V was significantly larger more than for stages II and III, although no significant differences were noted in mean numbers of young at normal parturition among stages I, II, III and V. In general, abortion occurred most frequently with in 2-3 days after ovulation treatment, and delivery occurred about 15 days after treatment in most cases of delayed parturition.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
Toyonobu YOSHIMURA, Kiyoshi NAMIKAWA1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 97-105
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThirty-one animals including Japanese Black (9 steers), Holstein (8 steers and 2 heifers) and Japanese Black×Holstein (F1)(6 steers and 6 heifers) were used to determine the lipid and fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat at a constant slaughter weight. Subcutaneous fat samples for the lipid analysis were taken from the shoulder, loin, rump, brisket and flank regions. Total lipid contents extracted from subcutaneous fat were not significantly affected by breed, sex and location, although Japanese Black had a tendency to have some what more total lipid content than Holstein. Percentages of TG and PL were significantly affected by sex and anatomical location. Heifers had a higher percentage of TG and a lower percentage of PL. Flank subcutaneous fat had the highest percentage of TG and the lowest percentage of PL. The effects of breed, sex and location on the fatty acid composition of TG, PL and FFA classes were significant with some exceptions and similar tendencies were observed in the fatty acid composition of these classes. The principal features were as follows; (1) Japanese Black were higher in C18:1 and TUSF contents, and C18/C16 ratio than Holstein, and the reverse was true for saturated fatty acids, i. e., C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids, while F1 animals had intermediate values between their parental breeds for these fatty acids; (2) heifers had more unsaturated fatty acids in TG and PL classes than steers; (3) flank subcutaneous fat was less abundant in unsaturated fatty acids than other locations. From the above mentioned results, it was suggested that the fatty acid composition of lipid classes varied with the factors and particularly the breed effect was most remarkable.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
Isao ITO, Makoto MORI, Yoichi SHODA, Kaoru KOHMOTO1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 106-109
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFragments of mammary glands from mid-pregnant mice were cultured in Medium 199 containing insulin (1μg/ml), prolactin (5μg/ml), and progesterone (200 nM) or its derivatives. The frequency of mitosis was assessed in alveolar cells after treatment with colchicine for 3hr. The mitotic index was increased at 24hr after the beginning of the culture with progesterone. 20α-Hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, one of the metabolites of progesterone in the mammary glands, showed stimulatory effect on the mitosis, while 5α-pregnane-3, 20-dione, one of the metabolites of progesterone in mammary tumors but not in the normal mammary glands, had no significant effects. These results suggested that both progesterone and 20α-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one are mitogenic for the mouse mammary glands during pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (247K) -
Makoto MORI, Isao ITO, Kaoru KOHMOTO, Yoichi SHODA1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 110-114
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistension of alveolar lumen was observed in mid-pregnant mouse mammary glands during culture with insulin (1μg/ml) and cortisol (100μg/ml). Prolactin (5μg/ml) was necessary for the appearance of milk-like material in the lumen. Addition of progesterone to these hormone combinations reduced the size of alveolar lumina in dosedependent manner, leaving the milk-like material inside. 20α-Hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, one of the metabolites of progesterone in the mammary glands, had a similar effect as progesterone, while 5α-pregnan-3, 20-dione was not effective. These results suggested that 20α-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, as well as progesterone, inhibited the distension of alveolar lumina which was induced by cortisol.View full abstractDownload PDF (327K) -
Michio SAKIMOTO1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 115-116
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (145K) -
Shoshi INOOKA1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 117-120
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (805K) -
Junji IMADA, Kihachiro NOBUKUNI, Hisayoshi NISHIYAMA1983 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 121-123
Published: February 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (198K)
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