巻号一覧
71 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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Ryoichi SAKATA2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 1-16
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1008K) -
Masahiro SATOH, Chindo HICKS, Kazuo ISHII, Tsutomu FURUKAWA2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 17-25
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーReal response to selection based on animal model BLUP of breeding values was evaluated using the data generated by Monte Carlo computer simulation supporting closed herd breeding in pigs. The real response was predicted by theoretically expected response to family index selection on the same data structure as the data generated by the simulation. Two closed breeding herds of 10 sires and 100dams, and 100 sires and 1, 000 dams were simulated assuming non overlapping generations. A two-trait selection was assumed. Heritabilities of traits were assigned as either 0.1 or 0.5 and genetic correlation between them was assumed to be either 0.0 or 0.5.Relative economic weights were varied.Expected aggregate breeding value, E (ΔH), was calculated using selection index with information on the candidate's full and half sibs found in F-1 generation, the candidate's parents, and their full and half sibs found in generation F-2, and all ancestral information in generation F-1 dating back to generation F-5. The candidate for selection was found in the current generation F-0. Average of aggregate breeding value [R (ΔH)] of selected animals in the last generation over replicates from simulation data was used as the basis for comparison of estimation of genetic response using selection index with family information. Average of R (ΔH) was close to E (ΔH) in all combinations of genetic parameters in a large population. Maximum E (ΔH) and R (ΔH) was essentially obtained using information on animals from F-0 to F-3. Selection index with family information is useful to predict the genetic response when the selection based on BLUP of breeding values are carried out in a closed herd of pigs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (636K) -
Yuko KATO-MORI, Tadashi MORI, Shigeharu FUKUNAGA, Kazuaki TAKENOUCHI, ...2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 26-31
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーFibroblast growth factor (FGF) -1 and -2 belong to a family of heparin-binding proteins that are involved in angiogenesis as well as proliferation and differentiation of various cell types. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were used to detect these growth factors in the bovine uterus of days 60 and 210 of gestation. Each bovine uterus was divided into two distinct structures; fetal cotyledon and maternal caruncle (invasive areas), and smooth chorion and intercaruncle (noninvasive areas). In RT-PCR, FGF-1 and FGF-2 mRNAs were detected in all uterine components examined. There were no differences between the expression patterns either in invasive and noninvasive areas or in specimens of days 60 and 210 of gestation. The results of immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining of FGF-1 and FGF-2 in the cells of fetal villi and maternal uterine epithelium of day 80 placentome. Immunostaining of FGFs was more intense in the basement membrane than the other areas of the uterine epithelium. Observation in which there were no differences in the presence of mRNA or distribution pattern of proteins indicate that these FGFs may play a general role in the bovine placenta; for example, involvement in the maintenance of placental structure and function, angiogenesis, and mitogenic activity for both fetal and maternal components.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1626K) -
Takashi SHIMIZU, Izumi OHSHIMA, Yukio KANAI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 32-37
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーEffects of heat stress on follicular development was studied in three-week-old immature female rats kept under 25°C and 50% relative humidity (RH). In experiment 1, animals were divided into two groups(Control: C and Heat stress: HS, n=5 each). They received subcutaneous injections of 20 IU of PMSG and 20 IU of hCG 48h apart and the number of oocytes in the oviducts was counted 24h after hCG injection. HS consisted of exposure to a 35°C and 70% RH condition from 48h before PMSG until time of hCG injection. In experiment 2, animals were subjected to the same temperature and PMSG treatments as experiment 1, and their ovaries were removed for histological examinations immediately before (n=5each) or 48h after (n=4each)PMSG injection. The number of ovulated oocytes was significantly lower in HS than in C (10.0±1.7 vs 17.8±1.8, P<0.001). Histological observations revealed that while the number of follicles dwindled as the follicles grew from preantral to antral stages, the percentage of atretic follicles drastically increased. PMSG apparently reduced the rate of atresia of antral follicles in C, but not in HS. Instead, heat stress hastened this stage-dependent follicular atresia. These results indicate that heat stress diminishes PMSG-induced ovulatory responses and enhances atresia of growing follicles in immature female rats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (449K) -
Hiroshi KAGAMI, Junko IWATA, Asako NAKATA, Takahiro TAGAMI, Yuko MATSU ...2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 38-41
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe developmental origin of the primordial germ cells (pgcs) in avian embryos was substantially localized at the center of area pellucida. A cell cluster consisting of about 700 cells was isolated from: 1) the center of area pellucida, 2) the outer of area pellucida and 3) the area opaca of the stage X5) blastoderm. The isolated cell cluster was dissociated and about 500 cells were microinjected into the recipient stage X blastoderm, from which a cell cluster of about 700 cells at the center of area pellucida were removed. These chimeric embryos were cultured until stage 158). When the donor cells from area 2)or 3) were microinjected into the recipient, the mean number of pgcs per 1μl of blood decreased significantly to 7 or 11 (P<0.05), respectively, as compared to intact embryos with 62. When the cells were replenished with the donor cells from area 1), no reduction in the pgcs number was observed. The replenishment of the recipients' cells by the cells from area 2) or 3) could not restore the original number of pgc. Therefore, it was concluded that the pgcs originated in the central part of the area pellucida and that there were few pgcs at the outer of area pellucida or area opaca.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (332K) -
Tadahisa FUJITA, Takahiro ITOH, Hiroya MAJIMA, Hiroaki SANO, Akio SHIG ...2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 42-49
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーHyperglycemic clamp and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp techniques were used to investigate the effects of type of diet and salinomycin supplementation on the insulin secretory response to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin in adult sheep. The sheep were fed a high-roughage and a high-concentrate diet at equal energy intakes with or without 20ppm of salinomycin for 3 weeks. Basal plasma glucose concentrations were unaffected by type of diet or salinomycin supplementation in both glucose clamp experiments. The ratio of plasma insulin increments to glucose infusion rates in the hyperglycemic clamp experiment and the glucose infusion rate in the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp experiment were unaffected by type of diet or salinomycin supplementation. Although the number of data was small in the present study, these results suggest that in sheep salinomycin supplementation has no significant effects on either the insulin secretory response to glucose or on insulin action, regardless of type of diet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (629K) -
Masahiro OKAMOTO2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 50-56
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーRumination activities of 12 cows in Herd A fed on a relatively high concentrate diet were compared with those of 12 cows in Herd B fed on a high forage diet. The total eating time did not differ between the two herds. The total rumination time and rumination boli per day were significantly less in Herd A than in Herd B (P<0.01). However, no differences were observed in number of chews or chewing time per rumination bolus (P>0.05). There was no clear difference in the rumination time per rumination period, percentage for number of ruminating cows at each time of day or interval between end of meal and subsequent rumination between the two herds (P>0.05). Indexes from the results of short-term observation of rumination such as number of chews per bolus or duration of rumination period were not useful in detecting mild insufficiency of roughage. However, index from the observation throughout at least a 24 hour period such as total rumination time or total number of rumination boli per day was useful.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (389K) -
Hiroshi UEDA2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 57-62
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーEffects of soybean protein isolate (SPI) and its enzymatic hydrolysate (HYS) on the serum and liver cholesterol concentrations were compared in chicks. Seven-day-old chicks were fed the experimental diets containing 0.5% cholesterol for 10 days. Various nitrogen sources isonitogenously replaced SPI in the control diet (20% crude protein). HYS treated with endo-type protease alone (HYS-A) or in combination with exo-type protease (HYS-B) for 5h did not cause any changes in the serum and liver cholesterol concentrations as compared with SPI. On the other hand, HSY-C treated with endo- and exo-type proteases for 24h lowered the HDL-cholesterol concentrations and the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol concentrations in the serum, but increased the liver cholesterol concentrations. Digested soluble fraction after removing the sediment from HYS-C and amino acid mixture simulating SPI further increased the serum total cholesterol and liver cholesterol concentrations. These results indicate that the conformation of protein plays an important role in the cholesterol-lowering effect of SPI.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (484K) -
Hidetoshi NARA, Takahiro IMANAKA, Takahiro YAMAGUCHI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 63-70
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe activity of membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3. 1. 1. 7) in bovine muscle cells was enzyme-histochemically detailed in the M. longissimus thoracis during myogenesis in vivo and in vitro. AChE activity was detected in muscle satellite cells of regenerating muscles after an injection of the myotoxic agent, bupivacaine. In the myogenic cultures of satellite cells derived from regenerating muscles, AChE activity was found in mononucleated cells although they were a very low density, while all myotubes expressed AChE activity. The mononucleated cells positive for AChE activity (AChE+mononucleated cells) increased in number with an addition of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but not with an addition of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) to the cultures. aFGF stimulated cell proliferation and IGF-I significantly induced the mononucleated cells positive for desmin, a muscle specific intermediate-filament protein (desmin+cells). The number of AChE+mononucleated cells and desmin+cells similarly changed in the myogenic cultures with IGF-I. The results support that AChE activity is expressed in postmitotic myoblasts which have been triggered to commit to the differentiation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2154K) -
Kouichi WATANABE, Atsushi SUZUKI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 71-75
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of the present study was to examine histochemical properties of myofiber types and presence or absence of muscle spindles in the caudal pharyngeal constrictor (thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus) muscles of sheep. Unfixed muscle sections were stained with myosin ATPase (preincubation pH4.3 and 10.5), reduced nicotinamido adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase, and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBD). Myofiber types were classified by the differences of the histochemical properties. The thyropharyngeus muscle had 12% type I, 88% type IIA, and no type IIB myofibers. The cricopharyngeus muscle possessed 53% type I, 47% type IIA, and no type IIB myofibers. The myofiber types of the thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles were small in diameter. Part of type I myofibers showed a strong 3-HBD activity, whereas all type IIA myofibers showed no 3-HBD activity in the two muscles. No muscle spindle was found in the two muscles. The thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles composed of types I and IIA myofibers seem to be adapted to close the pharyngeal cavity repeatedly for the rumination.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (978K) -
Mariko TERASHIMA, Keiji YOSHIMURA, Tetsuo IMAI, Daiki HOZAN, Kunio SHI ...2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 76-82
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated the application of S-sulfonation process to characterize the extractable protein from irradiated mink hair. Intact hair sample was reduced with thiol (0.05M dithiothreitol, 0.05M Tris, 8M urea, pH9.45) at 4°C for 24hr. Then sodium sulfite and sodium tetrathionate were added to sulfonate the protein. After dialyzing, freezing and thawing, the extracted protein was successfully separated into two fractions; soluble fraction (Bs) and soluble fraction (Bp) by centrifugation. FTIR spectra, SDS-PAGE and amino acid composition of extracted protein demonstrated that Bs comes from matrix protein and Bp comes from microfibril protein. The irradiated hair showed remarkable decrease in protein extractability. SDS-PAGE pattern of the extract from irradiated hair demonstrated an almost complete disappearance of 45kDa and 60kDa bands with the unchanged band intensity at far lower position than 10kDa, and the existence of broad band below 14.5kDa. The amino acid composition of the extract from irradiated hair in Bp demonstrated a more remarkable increase in glycine, tyrosine and phenylalanine than in Bs. This suggests that the irradiation affects less heavily high-glycine-tyrosine component and mainly leaves the extraction in Bp fraction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1599K) -
Ryoya NIKI, Hidemasa MOTOSHIMA, Fuji TSUKASAKI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 83-91
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe objective of this study was to investigate the acid-induced gelation of milk by glucono-δ-lactone (GDL). Especially, the influence of gelation temperature (3-35°C) on gelation was examined. The storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") of samples were measured using a rheological apparatus. When GDL was added to the sample solution, it was hydrolyzed to gluconic acid and the pH of the sample decreased with time. The time course of changes in G' and that of G" for reconstituted skim milk after addition of GDL were examined at different gelation temperatures. The G' increased with time, after a certain latent time, and approached a maximum value (G' max). The G' max and the rate of gelation increased with increasing gelation temperature up to 32°C and then decreased. On the other hand, the gelation time decreased with increasing gelation temperature. A gel was formed upon acidification at temperatures below 10°C, even at 3°C. An Arrhenius plot gave a straight line at temperatures between 5°C and 23°C. The apparent activation energy was estimated to be approximately 17kcal/mol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (626K) -
Mari ODASHIMA, Fumimasa TAKANO, Hajime OTANI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 92-102
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThis study evaluated the influence of quail ovoinhibitor at concentrations ranging from 0 to 400μg/ml on proliferative responses and immunoglobulin production of mouse or quail splenocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pokeweed mitogen, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (ConA). The ovoinhibitor suppressed in a dose-dependent manner all mitogen-induced proliferations of both splenocytes and immunoglobulin production in mouse splenocyte cultures. The inhibitor revealed a cytotoxicity toward mouse and quail splenocytes at concentrations of more than 150μg/ml. The lectins could bind to mouse spleen lymphocytes previously incubated with ovoinhibitor, while ConA directly bound to the protein. The loss pattern of the inhibitory effect of quail ovoinhibitor during heat treatment on LPS- or PHA-induced proliferation of mouse splenocytes was very similar to that on the proteolytic activity of trypsin. Mouse spleen lymphocytes produced enzymatic activities toward Boc-Gln-Gly-Arg-MCA and Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-MCA. This enzymatic activity was inhibited by quail ovoinhibitor. These results suggest that quail ovoinhibitor suppresses functional responses of mouse and quail B- and T-lymphocytes via inhibition of enzymatic activity produced from the lymphocytes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (809K) -
Tadao SAITO, Atsushi MATSUMURA, Haruki KITAZAWA, Yasushi KAWAI, Takato ...2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 103-108
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーTo select probiotic strains of the Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus group with high adhesion to human intestinal tracts for developing the functional yogurt, a new screening method using biotinylated carbohydrate probe (BCP) was introduced. After incubation of living cells of 30 strains of the L. acidophilus group with 5 kinds of BCPs which possess representative partial structures of the sugar chains constituting of human colonic mucin, the interaction between cell-surface lectins and BCP were evaluated. The highest reactivity was detected in 19 strains (about 63%) with a trisaccharide probe (GalNAcα (1→3)[Fucα (1→2)] Galβ 1→). The cell-surface lectin activity was first clearly confirmed in the B group of the L. acidophilus group. The adhesion evaluation score (AE score, total sum of each absorbance of 5 BCPs samples) is considered to be useful as an indicator for selection of the probiotic strains which have high adhesiveness in human gastrointestinal tract.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (490K) -
Yoshiyuki OHTA, Nobumichi TSUSHIMA, Teru ISHIBASHI2000 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 109-111
発行日: 2000/01/25
公開日: 2008/03/10
ジャーナル フリーThe present experiments were conducted to elucidate time courses of amino acid (AA) contents in the yolk of hatching eggs and newly hatched chicks over time during incubation (Days 0, 7, 14, and 19 of incubation), and newly hatched period (0, 1, and 3 days post-hatching). AA contents in the yolk decreased with advancing days of incubation from Day 0 to 14, and increased on Day 19 of incubation, and then again decreased When AA patterns of yolks were expressed as ratios to lysine contents, ratios of total aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, cystine, isoleucine, leucine, and phenylalanine in the yolk increased with advancing incubation time from Day 0 to 19 of incubation. In contrast after Day 19 of incubation, when albumen was absorbed into yolk sac, AA pattern remained constant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (233K)
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