All issues
Volume 76 (2005)
- Issue 4 Pages 393-
- Issue 3 Pages 285-
- Issue 2 Pages 159-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 76, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Original Articles
-
Naohiko OKUMURA, Masahiro NII, Noriyuki HAMASIMA2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 285-294
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the exons of partial CoDing Sequence (CDS) regions and 5′-prime untranslated regions (5′UTR) of the agouti signaling protein gene (ASIP) in F2-generation samples of a Large White and Japanese wild boar intercross. We amplified these fragments of DNA by the 5′RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) method. Some of the hairs in the F2 samples had an agouti color pattern. The 5′ untranslated termini of the ASIP gene differed between the dorsal and ventral skin, as is the case in animals that have the agouti pattern, such as mice and foxes. Genomic comparison between these regions of the mouse and pig ASIP genes revealed that most of the ventral and hair-cycle-specific 5′ untranslated termini of the mouse Asip isoform corresponded to the pig ASIP isoforms in the dorsal and ventral skin. We therefore considered that they were of orthologous origin. The expression patterns of the ASIP isoforms, as revealed by RT-PCR of pig-breed samples, differed from each other ; that is, there was no amplification of ASIP isoforms in some pig skin samples, and the expression was observed in the same pig breed samples. We were unable to confirm the presence of any particular relationship between ASIP expression and coat color in pig breeds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1182K) -
Bayaru ERUDEN, Takehiro NISHIDA, Hiroki MATSUYAMA, Kenji HOSODA, Shige ...2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 295-301
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour multiparous Holstein lactating dairy cows were used to evaluate the effect of addition of green tea grounds silage (TGS) on feed intake, milk production, rumen fermentation and blood component. The cows were housed in a 4×4 Latin square design for a 15d periods. Total mixed rations (TMR) contained 30% timothy hay, 15% alfalfa pellets and 55% concentrate on a dry matter basis. TGS was added at 0, 5, 10, or 15% of the TMR dry matter. TDN, CP and NDF in all diets were adjusted to 71%, 16% and 36%, respectively. The dry matter intake decreased along with the increase of TGS in TMR. The 15% treatment significantly decreased the intake (P<0.05) compared to 0% and 5% treatment. The production of milk tended to decrease in the 10% treatment and significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the 15% treatment. The milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage were not affected by the treatments, but the milk lactose percentage significantly decreased (P<0.05) when TGS was added at 15% of the TMR dry matter. There were no differences in the ruminal pH and concentrations of volatile fatty acids among the treatments. The mole percentage of propionic acid of rumen liquor significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the 15% treatment. Compared to the 0% treatment, the concentration of rumen ammonia-nitrogen and the plasma concentration of urea nitrogen were significantly low (P<0.05) in the 10% and 15% treatments. These results showed that addition of 5% TGS of the diet on the dry matter basis did not affect the performance of midlactating cows.View full abstractDownload PDF (1008K) -
Norio TOKITA, Hitoshi KARAAMA, Munenori NEKOOKI, Yoko YAMASATO, Masata ...2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 303-308
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of low-pressure steam treatment (1.2kg/cm2, 20min) on chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and in situ degradability of three tropical legumes at the first cutting stage of pre-blooming and blooming was investigated. The crude protein content of all materials was in the range of 14.7∼19.5%, and little change was caused by the treatment. Neutral detergent fiber and hemi-cellulose contents of phasey bean (Macroptilium lathyroides) at pre-blooming were rather high among the samples, and they were decreased by the treatment. Contents of acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin were constant in both stages and were not affected by the treatment. In vitro dry matter digestibility was in the range of 61.5-66.4% for the samples, and the treatment increased it by 5-7%. In situ degradability of crude protein measured by nylon bag technique in the rumen of sheep was over 90%, and remained constant in spite of the treatment. The degradabilities of neutral detergent and acid detergent fibers were not statistically affected by the treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (935K) -
Satoko MIKI, Yoshifumi NIMURA, Reiko KITAO, Kanji OKANO2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 309-314
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPleurotus eryngii was cultured on corncob meal medium for 175 days after inoculation, and changes in digestibility and fibrous composition of the medium were examined. The culture medium consisting of corncob meal, rice bran and Ca(OH)2 was incubated at 24°C for 45 days after the inoculation of sawdust spawn under semi-anaerobic conditions and was transferred to an incubation room of 17°C to enable the fruit-bodies to emerge. Three bottles each were sampled before inoculation (0), and on days 45, 75 (first flush), 95, 115, 135, 155 and 175 after inoculation. Fruit-body yield, medium of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) contents, and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD) and gas production (IVGP) were determined. The average yield of fruit-bodies at the first flush was 117.6g/culture bottle. The weight of dry matter in the medium decreased 31.3% at day 115 and further decreased 6.8% between days 115 and 175. The weight of hemicellulose decreased 71.5% at day 115, and decreased a further 7.5% between days 115 and 175. The weight of ADL decreased 49.5% at day 115, and decreased a further 22.8% between days 115 and 175. Meanwhile, the weight loss of cellulose was smaller than that of hemicellulose and ADL, and was 17.7% at day 115, and decreased a further 7.2% between days 115 and 175. The IVOMD in the medium increased from 73.6% at day 0 to 91.0% at day 115, and to 94.0% at day 175. The IVNDFD increased from 69.3% at day 0 to 87.1% at day 115, and to 90.8% at day 175. The cumulative IVGP for 48 hr increased from 230ml/g OM at day 0 to 258ml/g OM at day 115, and to 266ml/g OM at day 175. Since there were no significant differences in IVOMD, IVNDFD and IVGP at 115 and 175 days, it was concluded that an appropriate culture length was more than 115 days after inoculation and we believe that spent corncob meal medium could be used as feed under the conditions used in the present study.View full abstractDownload PDF (835K) -
Keiji IGOSHI, Hiroaki HAMASUNA, Hiromasa KOBAYASHI, Yasufumi KUDO, Shi ...2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 315-320
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the mechanism of casein degradation in the fermented milk, peptides in milk fermented with Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus IFO 13953 were separated using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), purified and identified. A 70% ethanol-soluble fraction was prepared from the fermented milk whey, and the peptides contained therein were isolated and analyzed by HPLC with an ODS column. The primary structure of these peptides was studied for amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence analyses. As the result, 24 peptides were identified which include 15 derived from β-casein, 4 from κ-casein and 5 from αs2-casein. No peptides derived from αs1-casein was found. The β-casein derived peptides were noted at 47-93 and 166-209 region of its peptides chain, while the κ- and αs2-casein derived peptides were noted at para-κ-casein and the C-terminal region, respectively. None of the identified peptides corresponded with any functional peptides derived from casein, except of antioxidative peptide from κ-casein. However, some peptides have functional peptides.View full abstractDownload PDF (938K) -
Yusuke TABATA, Masayuki KITAGAWA, Tatsuya INAMURA, Joken ISHIDA, Hiroy ...2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 321-330
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe main objective of this study was to evaluate nitrogen utilization and cycling in the mixed farming system of beef fattening and rice production. To achieve this objective, the mixed farming system was divided into four components ; beef fattening, manure, rice production, crop/by-product. Nitrogen input-output of each components was quantified. Nitrogen utilization was evaluated by nitrogen efficiency, cycling and loss. The farm level (overall) nitrogen efficiency was 0.39, meaning 39% of total nitrogen input was produced as fattened steers and rice. Nitrogen cycling was represented by the rate of nitrogen transferred from one component to another, and the ratio of product to input of each component was 0.30-0.97. The nitrogen loss was largest in the beef fattening component, indicating strong possibilities of nitrogen leaching into the environment. From these results, the farm level nitrogen utilization and cycling were quantified in the mixed farming system. It is believed that the methodology in this study would be a useful tool for evaluating farm level nitrogen utilization and cycling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1147K) -
Hiroya KADOKAWA, Yutaka YAMADA2005 Volume 76 Issue 3 Pages 331-338
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAverage length of gestation of Holstein dairy cows is known as 279 days, however, the individual difference of this parameter is large and required to be smaller in order to avoid the accident related to the dystocia, and to manage precisely the high producing dairy cows around parturition. Propylene glycol can become the precursor for gluconeogenesis in the liver, and it is commonly administered as an oral drench for the dairy cows around parturition. In this report using the oral drench of propylene glycol for prepartum Holstein high producing dairy cows, we discovered that the administration might prolong the gestation length of the cows. Cows were given a 500ml oral drench of propylene glycol (Propylene glycol group, n=10) or water (Water group, n=10) once every other day from 3 weeks prior to the expected calving date until parturition. Blood samples were collected 3 hour after the drench to measure the plasma concentrations of metabolites, insulin, IGF-I, leptin, cortisol, progesterone and estrogen. All cows of the both groups calved single calf without the dystocia. The gestation length were 280.4±0.8 days in the Propylene glycol group, and 277.0±1.0 days in the Water group, and the 3.4 days of difference was significant (P=0.015). The propylene glycol drench increased the concentrations of glucose (P=0.0001) and insulin (P<0.01), and decreased the FFA level (P<0.05) significantly. Thus, the difference in the concentrations of insulin, glucose and FFA in the blood after the propylene glycol drench may relate to the observed extension effect of the drench on the gestation length in the high producing Holstein dairy cows.View full abstractDownload PDF (1090K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|