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Volume 87 (2016)
- Issue 4 Pages 333-
- Issue 3 Pages 219-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 87, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Junpei KAWAKAMI, Takeshi HANAMURE, Koichi HAGIYA, Hiroyuki HAYAKAWA, T ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 101-106
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSemen characteristics indicate reproductive performance of bulls. We estimated genetic parameters of semen characteristics using multiple-trait animal model. Data were semen records of 1,281 bulls collected by the Genetics Hokkaido between 2005 and 2014 with their pedigree records. Data of semen characteristics contained volume per ejaculate (mL), sperm concentration (×108/mL), number of sperm per ejaculate (×108), progressive motility index of sperm (MOT) and MOT after freeze-thawing. Posterior means of heritabilities were 0.12, 0.13, 0.06, 0.11 and 0.20 for volume per ejaculate, sperm concentration, number of sperm per ejaculate, MOT and MOT after freeze-thawing, respectively. Posterior means of repeatabilities were 0.25, 0.39, 0.16, 0.62 and 0.72 for volume per ejaculate, sperm concentration, number of sperm per ejaculate, MOT and MOT after freeze-thawing, respectively. The MOT after freeze-thawing has high repeatability. Therefore, MOT after freeze-thawing from young bull is valuable as a predictor of those from mature bull.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 107-113
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Itoko NONAKA, Naozumi TAKUSARI, Kouji HIGUCHI, Naoto WATANABE, Witthay ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 115-123
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study the effect of growth stage and environmental temperature on metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) and efficiency for growth (kg) of heifers, 74 energy balance trials were conducted using 34 Holstein heifers. Seventy four energy balance trials were divided into three treatment groups. The first group is measured as early stage heifers under thermoneutral environment (n＝16, ET, 8～12 age of month, 18～20°C), the second one is measured as late stage heifers under thermoneutral environment (n＝21, LT, 16～20 age of month, 18～20°C), and the last one is measured as early stage heifers under hot environment (n＝37, EH, 7～12 age of month, 28～33°C). (1) Regression analyses of retained energy (RE, kJ/BW0.75) on intake of ME (MEI, kJ/BW0.75) gave the following equations : ET : RE＝0.456 (±0.070)×MEI－245 (±61) (R2＝0.927,) LT : RE＝0.522 (±0.038)×MEI－263 (±35) (R2＝0.965)，EH : RE＝0.564 (±0.028)×MEI－298 (±24) (R2＝0.806). Amounts of ME for maintenance (MEm) calculated as RE＝0 were 538±158, 505±77 and 529±50 kJ/BW0.75 for heifers of ET, LT and EH, respectively. MEm was not significantly different among three groups and was 524kJ/BW0.75. The kg were 46±7％, 52±4％, 56±3％ for heifers of ET, LT and EH, respectively. The kg of ET was lower than those of EH (P<0.001) and LT (P<0.06). (2) Retained energy as body fat of LT and EH were higher than that of ET. By use of all data (n＝74), the efficiency of ME to retained energy as body protein (REp) and fat (REf) is followed ; MEI－MEm＝2.77 (±0.18)×REp+1.21 (±0.10)×REf (R2＝0.963). The efficiency of ME to retained energy as body protein and fat are 36% and 83%.View full abstractDownload PDF (369K) -
Tomoko OSHITA, Yasuhiro AOKI, Eiko NEMOTO, Mari AOKI, Yasuko UEDA2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 125-131
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour field experiments in Hokkaido were carried out to investigate the chemical characteristics and nutritive value of ensiled corn grain (high moisture shelled corn (HMSC)) and corn cob mixed grain (corn cob mix (CCM)) harvested at black layer stage using combine harvester with snapper head. The contents of moisture neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom), acid detergent fiber (ADFom) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) of HMSC were lower than those of CCM, although range of difference was different among experiments. Despite low moisture contents of grain materials, HMSC and CCM showed good silage fermentative quality with low VBN/TN and some lactic acid, acetic acid and ethanol contained. Total digestive nutrients (TDN) estimated by total fecal collection method using wether for HMSC was higher than that of CCM (HMSC : 90.9%, CCM : 84.3%). The results showed that ensiled low moisture corn grain or cob mixed grain material will be well preserved as HMSC or CCM if the silo is satisfactory sealed preventing exposure to air. Considering the high nutritive value of HMSC and CCM, these can be utilized as self-supplied concentrate feed for dairy cow.View full abstractDownload PDF (360K) -
Kunihiko SAITOH, Hidetoshi SUZUKI, Shyuichi KANEDA, Tsuyoshi ABE, Kaor ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 133-141
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFeeding effects of steamed brown rice for forage on the growth and the meat productive performances of Japanese Black Steers were analyzed. In total eight Japanese Black steers were divided into two groups, one were fattened conventionally by normal concentrate diets (control, n＝4), the other was given diets containing 30% steamed brown rice as a replacement for a part of concentrate (experimental group, n＝4). Due to the higher intake of rice-straw in the test group, there observed significant differences in estimated total TDN intake of whole fattening period between two groups. Instead, no significant differences were observed in any growth traits and daily gain. No significant differences were observed in the carcass grading traits, moisture (%), crude fat (%), crude protein (%) and fatty acid composition of the longissimus muscles. It was suggested that the replacement of 30% concentrate diet into steamed brown rice dose not bring any undesirable effects on the growth and the meat productive performances, and can be used for substitutional diet in the fattening of Japanese Black Steers.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Satoshi ANDO, Nariyasu WATANABE, Kenji SUDO, Yasuko UEDA, Sadaki ASAKU ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 143-148
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is important that herbage intakes by grazing cows are estimated accurately. Here we compare use of a rising plate meter (RPM) and measurement of body weights to determine whether cows received sufficient total digestible nutrients (TDN). Additionally we measured changes in glucagon and the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in blood. Eight Holstein cows were grazed all day on meadow fescue pasture. Cows were given formula feed and silage in the cowshed before milking. TDN satisfied by using a RPM were 82〜251%. Body weights were measured ①in the morning, ②in the morning after feeding milking,③ in the evening, and④in the evening after feeding milking. It was most reality method in estimate herbage intake by a body weight difference, (③in the evening weight)-(②in the morning after feeding milking weight)-(evening milk yield weight). There were no significant changes in T3, and T4levels over the experimental period although there was a significant rise in glucagon. In the period increasing glucagon the cows received lower than 100 % TDN suggesting that glucagon in grazing cows may indicate the levels of TDN.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
Saki TEZUKA, Hironori KATAYAMA, Manabu WATANABE, Takayuki MURAMOTO2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 149-155
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to examine the physical and chemical characteristics of Japanese Shorthorn beef after immersion in juice of four varieties of Iwateyamanashi. Samples of biceps femoris muscle from four Japanese Shorthorn steers were immersed in Juice-1, Juice-2, Juice-3, or Juice-4 for 0 (control), 12, 96, or 192 h, and then, the drip loss, cooking loss, total loss, color values before and after cooking, and texture profiles of the muscle samples were analyzed. The variety of Iwateyamanashi had no effect on the muscle texture properties. The pH of Juice-4 was significantly higher than that of the other juices. The cooking loss of muscle samples immersed in Juice-2 and Juice-3 were significantly higher after 192 h of immersion as compared with the control. The a* value before cooking of the muscle sample immersed in Juice-4 was significantly higher than that of the muscle samples immersed in the other juices after 96 h of immersion. These results suggested that immersion in Iwateyamanashi juice sustained the color of muscle samples, and that a high pH of Iwateyamanashi juice sustained the water holding capacity of muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (276K) -
Saki TEZUKA, Nobuya SHIBA, Hironori KATAYAMA, Manabu WATANABE, Takayuk ...2016 Volume 87 Issue 2 Pages 157-163
Published: May 25, 2016
Released on J-STAGE: June 18, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined the effect of immersing solutions on the properties of collagen and oxidation status in Japanese Shorthorn beef. The water holding capacity, color values, metmyoglobin percentages and collagen contents of the semimembranosus muscles immersed in acidic standard buffers, Iwateyamanashi, or pineapple juice for 0 (control), 24, or 48 h were analyzed. There were no differences in the total loss between the control and the muscles immersed in pH 6.86 standard buffer and Iwateyamanashi juice. The metmyoglobin percentages of muscle samples immersed in solutions except for pH 6.86 standard buffer were significantly higher than that of the control. Elution collagen values in muscle samples were significantly higher after 48 h immersion in pH 4.01 standard buffer and Iwateyamanashi juice compared with the control. These results suggested that immersion in low pH solutions increased collagen solubility in the muscle samples but decreased the water holding capacity. Iwateyamanashi juice sustained the water holding capacity of the muscle samples despite its low pH. Immersion in high pH solutions sustained the water holding capacity and constrained oxidation in the muscle samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (273K)
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