In the previous paper, some facts concerning heart-rate regulation were studied using drug induced bradycardia and tachycardia in the following : 1) Ablation experiments, in other words, vagus and anastomosis from Ggl. stellatum to vagus (Rami anastomosa) were cut at each point as follows : (Ggl. stellatum-rami anastomosa of vagus-N. aorticus-N. vagus-Ggl. nodosum) or extirpation of Ggl. tellatum.2) Blocking experiments by the use of some blockades such as procaine HCl, procaine amide, C₆, TEA, atropine, atropine-N-methyl, chlorpromazine, dibenamine, DHK, Hydergine and etc.From the results above, it was resumed that : 1) In the vagus of rabbit, there were centripetal and fugal paths which concerned veratrine (Ver) bradycardia, and this bradycardia occurred through this Vago-vagal reflex. On the other hand, the path in vagus concerning adrenaline (Adr) or digitalis (Dig), histamine (Hist) or BaCl₂, was not centripetal but solely fugal, and these bradycardia occurred through Sympathico-vagal reflex (Tokita).2) The balance between sympathicus and parasympathicus was maintained not only at periphery, but regulated at centre by reflexes through centripetal path (anastomosis and vagus).In this paper, above facts were further investigated to ascertain, anesthetizing both vagi with various concentrations of procaine HCl, instead of cutting nervi.Ver was injected intravenously after both vagi were infiltrated by 0.1% Procaine HCl, then heart-rate diminished to 80-90% of before injection (14 cases), but in contrast to this fact, Ver bradycardia was 20-50% in the rabbits without procaine anesthesia.This fact can be remarked that Ver bradycardia almostly disappeared with 0.1% of procaine anesthesia.In this condition, Adr bradycardia (15γ/kg, i. v.) appeared in all of 13 cases (Heart-rate were 40-50% of average). Equal to Adr, drug induced bradycardia occurred as follows : Hist (0.1 mg/kg, i. v.), 6 cases in 11. Heart-rate were 70% of before the injection. (Without procaine anesthesia, Hist induced bradycardia were in 10 cases of 16) : BaCl₂, 5 cases in 7 (Control, 13 in 16) : Ext of Dig leaf (20 mg/kg), i. v., every 5 min, 5-10 times), 5 cases in 6 (Control 9 in 12 cases).From the facts above, it can be resumed that, after 0.1% of procaine anesthesia, Adr, Hist, Dig or BaCl₂ bradycardia still remained, though Ver bradycardia disappeared. In other words, the centripetal path was more sensitive to procaine HCl (0.1%) than the fugal, and even when the centripetal was anesthetized, the fugal was intact. This fact was proved by electrical stimulation.When both vagi were infiltrated with 0.02% of procaine HCl, occurred the bradycardia by Ver (0.1 mg/kg, i. v., 10 cases in 11), Adr (4 cases in 4), Hist (6 cases in 11), BaCl₂ (4 cases in 7), Dig (4 cases in 4). These facts showed, that both centripetal and fugal paths were intact, when anesthetized with 0.02% of procaine HCl.Furthermore, when both vagi were infiltrated by 0.5% of procaine HCl, occurred Ver bradycardia, and also Adr (15γ/kg, 2 cases in 8), Dig (0 cases in 2), BaCl₂ (10 mg/kg, 0 cases in 6), Hist (0.1 mg/kg, 0 cases in 7). By these facts it can be resumed that centripetal paths in vagus were completely blocked with 0.5% of procaine HCl.SUMMARY While both vagi were anesthetized with 0.1% (not 0.02% or 0.5%) of procaine HCl, bradycardia by Adr, Dig, Hist or BaCl₂ existed, even if Ver bradycardia disappeared. And from this fact, the results reported in the previous paper were further ascertained by the experiments with the concentration of 0.1% of procaine HCl.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of these clinical studies is to examine whether the conclusion attained from my experimental studies mentioned above can be applied to the following clinical cases : 1) Renal hypertension 2) Endocrine hypertension 3) Neurogenic hypertension 4) Essential hypertension 5) ATP-ATPase system I) RENAL HYPERTENSION a) Acute glomerulonephritis : 9 cases of acute glomerulonephritis were observed. RBF was ranged within 515-1178 cc/min., averaged 793 cc/min., GFR was ranged within 30.6-119, averaged 69.8 cc/min., and FF was ranged within 0.067-0.219, averaged 0.140. With recovery, GFR, RBF and FF rised to normal level, sometimes slowly or sometimes rapidly. In general, at the age after puberty, recovery is apt to be late. In adults, FF is sometimes left at lower level for one or two years in spite of complete recovery of clinical symptoms.Recovery or failure of recovery from acute glomerulonephritis is not always correlated with the digree of renal functional damage. But in cases with markedly reduced RBF in acute stage, complete recovery is not always obtained.b) Chronic glomerulonephritis : 59 patients were studied and they were divided into 4 groups.In latent type, RBF was ranged within 590-2100 cc/min., averaged 942 cc/min., GFR was ranged within 79-146, averaged 106 cc/min. and FF was ranged within 0.128-0.268, averaged 0.202. Tm_PAH was 73 mg/min., RPF/Tm_PAH 6.08 and GFR/Tm_PAH 1.55.In hypertensive type (not including terminal stage), RBF was ranged within 101-1724, averaged 805 cc/min., GFR was ranged within 12-190, averaged 83 cc/min. and FF was ranged 0.122-0.279, averaged 0.192.In nephrotic type, RBF was ranged within 117-1476, averaged 562 cc/min., GFR was ranged 14-155, averaged 72 cc/min. and FF was ranged within 0.091-0.465, averaged 0.217. Tm_PAH was ranged within 21-106, averaged 60 mg/min. and Tm_G was ranged within 341-625, averaged 479 mg/min. RPF/Tm_PAH was averaged 6.02, GFR/Tm_PAH 1.53, RPF/Tm_G 1.05 and GFR/Tm_G 0.245.In terminal stage, RBF was ranged within 8.2-118, averaged 50.9 cc/min., GFR was ranged within 1.8-28.2, averaged 10.0 cc/min. and FF was ranged within 0.132-0.806, averaged 0.308. Tm_PAH was ranged within 4.2-14.4, averaged 7.5 mg/min., Tm_G was ranged 30.3-35.9, averaged 33.1 mg/min. RPF/Tm_PAH was averaged 5.02, GFR/Tm_PAH 1.27, RPF/Tm_G 0.93 and GFR/Tm_G 0.251.It is not surprised that, in glomerulonephritis, the ratio GFR/Tm is below normal, but the fact that, according to my data of chronic glomerulonephritis, RPF/Tm is below normal value suggests the possibility to produce elevation of blood pressure.And I stated the possibility of post-infections hypertension, which was occurred after virus infection (common cold, influenza etc.) and was protein-uria-free ; Glomerulonephritiden ohne krankhaften Harnbefund nach Arnord?Besides the glomerulonephritis, urethral constriction with hydronephrosis, polycystic kidneys, chronic pyelonephritis, Buerger's disease with renal arterial stenosis (Goldblatt's type), kidney tumor (Wilm's tumor) and intercapillary glomerulosclerosis were studied.In intercapillary glomerulosclerosis, pattern of renal functions was similar to advanced form of glomerulonephritis. In hypertension with urethral constriction, blood pressure was reduced after urethral bouginage and also in hypertension with Wilms' tumor after nephrectomy it was the same manner.II) ENDOCRINE HYPERTENSION In each case with Cushing's syndrome and with achromegaly, RBF was found to be below the mean normal value, but FF above the normal, simulating the typical pattern of essential hypertension.20 patients with diabetes mellitus was studies. 6 cases of them (30%) were hypertensive. The renal functions were found to be widely variable and average RBF was 872 cc/min., but in cases with complications, it was lower.

抄録全体を表示

We reported already with regard to effects of ATP, Cocarboxylase and FAD on the renal functions and electrocardiographic changes. In such reports, we supposed that these effects on the heart did not depend upon the dilation of coronary arteries, but directly depended upon changes of the metabolism in cardiac muscle. In another reports, we supposed that these effects on the renal functions depended on the increasing of the O₂-consumption through phosphorous metabolism in renal tubule cells.In present papers, electronmicroscope studies on the cardiac muscle and kidney of the rats injected Cocarboxylase and FAD are reported. In 30 minutes after when 5 mg of Cocarboxylase or 2 mg of FAD was injected intraperitoneally, fixations of the cardiac muscle and kidney were done.We observed that administration of the Cocarboxylase and FAD caused the epitherial cells of glomerulus to swell. This result means that glomerulus also enzymatically is important, and functionally not passive, but active. By administration of the Cocarboxylase, the number of mitochondria in renal convoluted tubule cells seemed to be increasing but this increase of the number of mitochondria means that the mitochondrias were collected on any parts in the cells, or that the mitochondrias were in fact produced newly in the cells. We supposed from specific figures of the big granules and mitochondrias that mitochondrias were newly produced in the cells. In administrations of the Cocarboxylase and FAD, electrondensity of the mitochondrias in the tubule cells slightly increased and these cristaes became slightly undistinct. This changes were resemble to hyaline degeneration which was introduced by Gansler and Rouiller. We found a mitochondria in normal cordiac muscle from rat in which cristaes formed circles.By these electronmicroscope studies we could demonstrate a few sorts of connections between the cell functions and morphological changes on the mitochondrias in the cell.

抄録全体を表示