-
Kohei Shiraishi, Masushi Kohta, Kazuo Sugiyama
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
646-647
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 26, 2004
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Zwitterionic polymethacrylamides, poly(
Nα-methacrylamide-
L-lysine) [poly(α-LysMA)] and poly(
Nε-methacrylamide-
L-lysine) [poly(ε-LysMA)] were prepared to examine their bioactivity by an evaluation of fibrinolytic activity and a binding assay using resonant mirror biosensor (IAsys). Poly(α-LysMA) enhanced the fibrinolytic activity by plasminogen/tissue-type plasminogen activator while no enhancement was observed in the case of poly(ε-LysMA). A strong interaction between Plg to poly(α-LysMA) was also observed by IAsys when compared with poly(ε-LysMA).
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Keiichi Adachi, Sumio Kaizaki, Koichi Yamada, Susumu Kitagawa, Satoshi ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
648-649
Published: 2004
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A novel complex assembly [Ag
2(tdpd)]
n (H
2tdpd = 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5,6-dioxo-2,3-pyrazinedicarbonitrile) was synthesized and characteraized. [Ag
2(tdpd)]
n consists of dinuclear modules with Ag–Ag interactions. The dimmer modules are connected each other by additional but effective Ag–hetero atom interactions forming a three-dimensional structure.
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Toshiyuki Sato, Hidekatsu Yokoyama, Hiroaki Ohya
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
650-651
Published: 2004
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Electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) imaging is a method to investigate the distribution of a paramagnetic recombination center in semiconductor materials. The EDMR image of a rectangular silicon plate (width, 2 mm; length, 20 mm; thickness, 0.5 mm; resistance, 5 kΩ·cm) was obtained under partial light illumination that was limited to the center of the sample. The sample had a native uniform distribution of paramagnetic recombination center and showed no EDMR signal without illumination. Low or high intensity area was located at the center (illuminated area) or sides (nonilluminated area) in the EDMR image. The patterns were the same when the opposite direction of the DC current was applied to the sample.
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Jianzhong Li, Gongxuan Lu, Ke Li
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
652-653
Published: 2004
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The catalytic decomposition of methane to hydrogen and filamentous carbon was carried out over Ni–Cu–Nb
2O
5 catalysts. The results indicate that the addition of Nb
2O
5 can promote the carbon capacity of Ni–Cu catalysts, and increase the lifetime of the catalysts in methane decomposition at high temperature. The highest yield of carbon is 743 gC/gNi for 65Ni–10Cu–5Nb
2O
5, which is one of the highest values among those for catalysts reported so far.
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Nobukazu Negishi, Kazuo Takimiya, Tetsuo Otsubo, Yutaka Harima, Yoshio ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
654-655
Published: 2004
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The triads (
nT-2C60) consisting of one oligothiophene and two fullerenes have been synthesized as single-component materials for photovoltaic cells. The sandwich-type cells of a configuration Al/
nT-2C60/Au generate much higher photocurrents than those based on the oligothiophene-fullerene dyads (
nT-C60).
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Izumi Ichinose, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Toyoki Kunitake
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
656-657
Published: 2004
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We report a novel visualization technique of linear dextran and dendritic amylopectin structures by means of selective deposition of an ultrathin silicate layer along sugar chains. This technique was also useful for visualizing an isolated cytochrome
c molecule.
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Hiroaki Wakayama, Tatsuya Hatanaka, Yoshiaki Fukushima
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
658-659
Published: 2004
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The Pt–Ru nanoporous fibers prepared by the nanoscale casting process using supercritical fluids (NC-SCF), templating process using SCFs, retained the structure with the high surface area and fibrous shape of the activated carbon template and exhibited a high activity as the anode catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells.
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Takashi Muramatsu, Azumao Toyota, Nao Adachi
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
660-661
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2004
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The two-electron reduction of
3 with sodium amalgam in degassed acetonitrile affords
4 in quantitative yield. Under deoxygenerated conditions,
4 is stable for a long time at room temperature, but slowly undergoes an opening of the cyclohexane ring skeleton with elimination of methyl groups to yield
5 at about 200 °C. At the same time, a small amount of
6 is obtained by fission of a CC single bond of the cyclohexane ring skeleton with the transfer of hydrogen atom.
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Chunwen Sun, Hong Li, ZhaoXiang Wang, Liquan Chen, Xuejie Huang
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
662-663
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 10, 2004
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Polycrystalline CeO
2 nanowires have been synthesized via a solution-phase route using sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate as a structure-directing agent. The obtained CeO
2 nanowires were 30–120 nm in diameters and 0.2–5 μm in lengths. The CeO
2 nanowire consists of many tiny interconnected nanocrystallites of about 7 nm in size. The Raman spectrum of CeO
2 nanowires shows size-dependent effect.
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Chung-gi Shin, Chieko Abe, Yasuchika Yonezawa
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
664-665
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2004
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Total synthesis of triheterocyclic cyclopeptide bistratamide G, a metabolite from the Philippines ascidian
Lissoclinum bistratum, was first achieved from two kinds of dehydrotripeptides.
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Takashi Sekiguchi, Kei Sato, Takashi Ishihara, Tsutomu Konno, Hiroki Y ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
666-667
Published: 2004
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The reactions of benzyl 2-bromo-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropanoate with various types of chiral imines in the presence of zinc in THF at room temperature were revealed to afford the
threo- and
erythro-isomers of α-fluoro-α-(trifluoromethyl)-β-amino esters with high diasteremeric excesses in fair to good chemical yields.
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Yulin Zhu, Yuanjiang Pan
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
668-669
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 10, 2004
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Palladium on charcoal effectively catalyzed the aldol condensation reactions of different ketones with aldehydes in the presence of trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl). The following reactions were investigated: (1) aromatic aldehydes with cycloalkanones, (2) aromatic aldehydes with aromatic ketones, (3) cycloalkanones with aliphatic aldehydes, and (4) the self-condensation reactions of aliphatic aldehydes and cycloalkanones.
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Masaharu Nakayama, Sayaka Konishi, Akihiro Tanaka, Kotaro Ogura
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
670-671
Published: 2004
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Thin films of layered manganese oxides with alkylammonium and alkali-metal ions in the interlayer were formed on a platinum electrode by a one-step electrochemical route. The interlayer distance was determined by the size of the electrolyte cations used.
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Man-Chien Chao, Hong-Ping Lin, Chung-Yuan Mou
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
672-673
Published: 2004
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Using an acid-hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate in the presence of surfactant and a fast self-assembling reaction at desired pH value (9.0–5.0) could obtain mesoporous silica nanorods or nanoparticulates.
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Motoki Yuguchi, Masao Tokuda, Kazuhiko Orito
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
674-675
Published: 2004
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Unsymmetrical 1,4-diketones were produced via a one-pot five-component connecting reaction based on two kinds of Pd(0)-catalyzed acylations of organozincs using acryloyl chloride and TMSCl in an atmosphere of carbon monoxide.
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Hirotaka Tanaka, Yasunori Kitaichi, Mitsuo Sato, Taketo Ikeno, Tohru Y ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
676-677
Published: 2004
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In the presence of a catalytic amount of optically active cobalt complexes and amine bases, a racemic epoxide, such as
N,
N-diphenylaminomethyloxirane, reacted with gaseous carbon dioxide to afford the optically active cyclic carbonate along with the optically active starting epoxide.
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Taro Tsubomura, Naoki Takahashi, Ken Saito, Toshiaki Tsukuda
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
678-679
Published: 2004
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A new dinuclear copper(I) complex containing two 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline ligands and a bridging diphosphine ligand has been prepared. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray crystallography. A considerable blue shift was observed for the solid-state photoluminescence and absorption spectra of the complex as compared with the mononuclear mixed-ligand complex.
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Zhi-Bin Zhou, Hajime Matsumoto, Kuniaki Tatsumi
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
680-681
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 10, 2004
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New hydrophobic ionic liquids, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium (alkyl = methyl, ethyl,
n-propyl,
n-butyl,
n-hexyl) trifluoromethyltrifluoroborate ([CF
3BF
3]
−), have been synthesized by a metathesis reaction between 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium halide and K[CF
3BF
3]. All these new ionic liquids exhibit low viscosities (26–77 cP at 25 °C) and low melting points, resulting in high conductivities correspondingly.
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Aleya Begum, Hideyuki Katsumata, Satoshi Kaneco, Tohru Suzuki, Kiyohis ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
682-683
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 10, 2004
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Microbial metabolism behavior of di-
n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in aqueous solution by bacterium
Bacillus natto was quantitatively characterized by HPLC. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation percentage of DBP was 72% after 24 h of cultivation. Concerning the metabolites of DBP degradation, dipropyl phthalate, monobutyl phthalate, and phthalic acid were identified by GC/MS.
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Keigo Hayashi, Ryouko Nakajima, Isao Kiyosawa, Hiroaki Ozaki, Hiroaki ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
684-685
Published: 2004
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Stereoisomers, trans-
RR, trans-
SS, and cis forms, of
N,
N′-bis(phenanthrolin-2-yl)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine conjugates were prepared, and their DNA binding activity was evaluated. The copper complexes of the conjugates (ligand:Cu(II) = 1:1 and 1:2) cleave DNA in the same order of the DNA binding activity of the conjugates, trans-
RR > cis > trans-
SS.
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Masao Kaneko, Norihiko Gokan, Kiyomi Takato
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
686-687
Published: 2004
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Polysacchride solids involving excess water were proposed as media wherein molecular diffusion takes place as in a liquid water, but convection is prohibited.
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Akimasa Nakamura, Tomoyuki Suzawa, Tadashi Watanabe
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
688-689
Published: 2004
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Optimization of experimental conditions for spectroelectrochemistry with an optically transparent thin-layer electrode allowed us to determine the redox potential of spinach P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I, to be +469 mV vs. SHE with significantly high reproducibility (±2 mV for 12 independent samples).
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Hyunsook Jun, Soo Yeon Hong, Seung Soo Yoon, Chulhun Kang, Myungkoo Su ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
690-691
Published: 2004
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New hydrophobic intramolecular charge transfer probes, comprising an aminostyryl and a cyanopyranyl moieties, were developed for sensitive protein quantification in solution. The probes exhibited dramatic increase of fluorescence quantum yields with accompanying blue-shift of the emission when bound to protein–sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) complexes. Using this emission enhancement, the synthesized probes were successfully applied for determining protein concentrations in solution.
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Hirosuke Tatsumi, Hajime Katano
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
692-693
Published: 2004
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An amperometric glucose sensor has been introduced to study the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of raw starch by glucoamylase in a thick raw starch suspension. The initial rate of the hydrolysis increased with increasing amount of enzyme to approach a saturation value, whereas it was proportional to the amount of substrate. The dependence can be explained by the rate equation based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
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Hirofumi Ochiai, Masashi Ohmae, Shiro Kobayashi
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
694-695
Published: 2004
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An alternatingly 6-
O-carboxymethylated chitotetraose derivative was selectively synthesized via enzymatic glycosidation of a 6′-
O-carboxymethylated chitobiose oxazoline derivative catalyzed by chitinase. The enzyme from
Streptomyces griseus acted as an efficient catalyst for the reaction, giving rise to
N,
N′,
N″,
N′″-tetraacetyl-6′,6′″-di-
O-carboxymethylchitotetraose in a 42% yield.
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Patrick Martin, Vincent Lequart, Roméo Cecchelli, Paul Boullang ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
696-697
Published: 2004
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Stereocontrolled syntheses of immunologically relevant heptopyranose disaccharides were achieved in excellent yields by the trimethylsilyl triflate promoted glycosylation of the donor 1,3,4,6-tetra-
O-acetyl-2-
N-allyloxycarbonyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-
D-glucopyranose with the adequate acceptors.
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Junji Sakamoto, Shiro Kobayashi
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
698-699
Published: 2004
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Regiospecifically 3-
O- and/or 3′-
O-methylated derivatives of a chitobiose oxazoline have been synthesized as new substrate monomers and subjected to a chitinase catalysis, leading to the first synthesis of 3-
O-methylated chitin oligomers via enzymatic oligomerization.
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Jun Sumaoka, Fenggang Pan, Aya Nonaka, Osamu Takeuchi, Hidemi Shigekaw ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
700-701
Published: 2004
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To the 5′-ends of two complementary oligonucleotides, 5′-mercapto-5′-deoxythymidine was introduced and reacted with the surface of either gold plate or colloidal gold particle. Well-defined Au
(nanoparticle)/DNA-duplex/Au
(plate) composite was fabricated in self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 11-hydroxy-1-undecanethiol. The current through this composite was measured by conductive probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM).
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Young-Hee Kim, Jin Soo Youk, So Youn Moon, Jong-In Choe, Suk-Kyu Chang
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
702-703
Published: 2004
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8-Aminoquinoline-based benzothiazole derivative
3 showed distinctive Hg
2+-selective fluoroionophoric properties over other transition metal ions. The fluorescence emission at 580 nm was completely quenched upon complexation with 100 equiv. of Hg
2+ ions in dioxane–H
2O system (9:1, v/v) and the selectivity was found to be Hg
2+ > Cu
2+ > other representative transition and heavy metal ions.
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Tae-hyung Cho, Sang-mok Park, Masaki Yoshio
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
704-705
Published: 2004
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Layered Li[Mn
1⁄3Ni
1⁄3Co
1⁄3]O
2 cathode material was synthesized by carbonate coprecipitation method. SEM observation and X-ray diffraction experiment showed that the material with spherical particle morphology was successfully synthesized by the method. The cathode material delivered 180 mAh/g as an initial discharge capacity at 0.2 mA/cm
2 and showed high average capacity retention ratio of 99.85%/cycle over 40 cycles.
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Toshiaki Kadota, Hiroshi Kageyama, Fujio Wakaya, Kenji Gamo, Yasuhiko ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
706-707
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A novel class of chemically-amplified, electron-beam molecular resists for nanometer lithography were created. These molecular resists functioned as positive resists in the presence of an acid generator, exhibiting a high sensitivity of ≈2 μC cm
−2 and enabling the fabrication of ≈25 nm line patterns.
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Kiwamu Sue, Kazuhito Kimura, Kenji Murata, Kunio Arai
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
708-709
Published: 2004
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Hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide crystals in supercritical formic acid (FA) solutions was carried out at 400 °C. Increasing FA concentration from 0.0 to 1.0 mol·kg
−1 gave hexagonal plates, hexagonal pillars, and tube-like shapes. Depending on FA concentration, relative intensity of emission spectra at around 500 nm increased from 0.53 to 1.0, peak at 388 nm shifted to 393 nm, and atomic ratio O/(O + Zn) decreased from 49 to 38%.
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Xuehua Zhou, Chunyan Liu, Zhiying Zhang, Long Jiang, Jinru Li
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
710-711
Published: 2004
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A new approach was proposed to prepare 3D structure of nanoparticles. A kind of ordered superlattice of nanogold was created layer by layer by LB technique. The UV–vis spectra monitored its formation. The TEM images and small-angle X-ray diffraction confirmed the ordered structure.
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Hirokazu Nakayama, Souichiro Hirami, Mitsutomo Tsuhako
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
712-713
Published: 2004
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The intercalation of mercaptocarboxylic acids into magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxide (LDH) was accompanied with the oxidation of mercapto groups in aqueous solution as evidenced by
13C solid-state NMR and Raman scattering measurements. The layers of LDH were bridged by two carboxylic groups of the corresponding disulfide, which was formed by the oxidation of mercaptocarboxylic acids.
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Matsumi Doe, Yoshinori Hirai, Takamasa Kinoshita, Kozo Shibata, Hiroyu ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
714-715
Published: 2004
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A new modified furanoeremophilane type sesquiterpene, (+)-14-methoxy-1,2-dehydrocacalol methyl ether (
2), isolated from
Trichilia cuneata exhibited inhibitory activity for mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. The first total synthesis of (±)-
2 and two related sesquiterpenes, (±)-14-hydroxycacalol methyl ether (
7) and 14-methoxydehydrocacalohastine (
8), has also been achieved.
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Kaori Iba, Shu-ichi Fukuyoshi, Takenori Kusumi
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
716-717
Published: 2004
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Strong magnetic fields produced by NMR spectrometers (300 and 400 MHz) accelerate the radical oxidation of isochroman with a hypervalent (
tert-butylperoxy)iodane.
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Junping Li, Yao Xu, Dong Wu, Yuhan Sun
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
718-719
Published: 2004
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ZnS nanofibers with lamellar mesostructures were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Zn(Ac)
2 and Na
2S using neutral
n-alkylamines (alkyl = C
8–C
16) as structure-directing template and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as stabilizer.
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Luyan Wang, Xiao Chen, Jie Zhan, Zhenming Sui, Jikuan Zhao, Zhenwen Su ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
720-721
Published: 2004
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A new and simple method is used to control formation of gold nanoparticles in lyotropic liquid crystal. Triangular or hexagonal nano- and micro-plates can be obtained in PEO–PPO–PEO-based hexagonal liquid crystals after adding a small amount of cationic surfactant, CTAB. All plates are single crystals and mostly characterized by orientation along the [
] direction. Their sizes are even longer than 10 μm. The selective adsorption of CTAB on certain crystallographic facets is the main point of supposed mechanism.
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Jeong Ho Chang, Chang Han Shim, Kyung Ja Kim, Jun Liu
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
722-723
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The work describes the direct evidence of a new step-growth mechanism in which the silane molecules are first deposited in the wide region of the mesoporous surface. When the wide pore region is filled, the silane molecules begin to deposit in the narrow pore region. The pore size in the wide region and narrow region change alternatively and discretely in accordance with the step-growth mechanism and the molecular size of the silane.
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Teruki Sugiyama, Tsuyoshi Asahi, Hiroshi Masuhara
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
724-725
Published: 2004
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We have succeeded in preparing oxo(phtalocyaninato)vanadium (IV) (VOPc) nanoparticles dispersed in water by femtosecond laser ablation of its bulk crystals. The mean size of VOPc nanoparticles was 17 ± 7 nm, estimated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.
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Takashi Yanagida, Yoshihisa Sakata, Hayao Imamura
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
726-727
Published: 2004
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Photocatalytic decomposition of H
2O over NiO-loaded Ga
2O
3, one of the oxides with a d
10 electron configuration, was confirmed. Without pretreatment, both H
2 and O
2 have been continuously produced in stoichiometric amounts under the irradiation of high pressure Hg lamp.
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Mitsuteru Higashimura, Keita Imamura, Yukiko Yokogawa, Tsutomu Sakakib ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
728-729
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Novel ruthenium-catalyzed reactions that employ ruthenium trichloride
n-hydrate (RuCl
3·
nH
2O) were investigated and dimerization, alkoxylation and sulfidation of olefins were noted. Adducts of Markovnikov type and anti-Markovnikov type were obtained in a stereospecific manner and in good yield, depending on the type of olefins used as the starting materials.
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Hongyan Liu, Lian Gao
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
730-731
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2004
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(S, La
2O
3)-codoped rutile TiO
2 was synthesized by in situ hydrothermal method. The (S, La
2O
3)-codoped rutile TiO
2 treated at 200 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activities for degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The synergistic effects of S and a small quantity of La
2O
3 made the degradation rate of MB as high as 98.4%.
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Akikazu Matsumoto, Shuji Taketani
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
732-733
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2004
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We have fabricated polyperoxides as new kinds of environment-friendly and degradable polymers using 1,3-diene compounds and oxygen as the starting comonomers under mild temperature and pressure conditions. They degrade in a radical chain mechanism by various stimuli; for example, degradation induced by physical (heating or irradiation), chemical (redox), and biochemical (enzymatic) stimuli.
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Masaru Ogura, Yushi Suzuki, Hayato Miyoshi, Sajo P. Naik, Tatsuya Okub ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
734-735
Published: 2004
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A different comprehension from the conventional packing rule is discussed on the formation of films of
Pm3
n: a 3-D cubic mesoporous silica phase, SBA-1, followed by the mesophase of
p6
mm: a 2-D hexagonal mesoporous silica, SBA-3, where the phase is determined by the degree of silicate condensation.
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Tsutomu Shiragami, Ryu-ichi Makise, Yousuke Inokuchi, Jin Matsumoto, H ...
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
736-737
Published: 2004
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In order to develop a photocatalyst operating under visible light irradiation, silica gel-supported dihydroxo(tetraphenylporphyrinato)antimony (V) complex, [SbTPP(OH)
2]
+/SiO
2, was prepared. The photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkenes with oxygen molecule was performed on [SbTPP(OH)
2]
+/SiO
2 particles under irradiation of fluorescent light. The photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkenes gave the corresponding
cis-1,2-epoxycycloalkane, 2-cycloalkene-1-ol, and
trans-1,2-cycloalkanediol.
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Hirotoshi Ohgi, Takahiro Maeda, Shinobu Fujihara, Hiroaki Imai
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
738-739
Published: 2004
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Hierarchically tailored SnO
2 particles with a diameter of 200–500 nm were spontaneously formed in aqueous solutions dissolving SnF
2 at 60 °C. The porous architecture of the particles was composed of SnO
2 crystallites of ca. 5 nm in diameter and exhibited a high specific surface area of 130–230 m
2/g. Subsequent hydrothermal treatment at 150 °C improved the thermal stability of the SnO
2 fine structure.
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Ashutosh Saxena, S. G. Srivatsan, Vishal Saxena, Sandeep Verma
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
740-741
Published: 2004
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This report describes a simple, bioinspired approach for the conversion of an insulator, polystyrene, to a moderately conducting polymer by introducing adenine nucleobases.
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Shin-ichiro Fujita, Bhalchandra M. Bhanage, Masahiko Arai
2004 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
742-743
Published: 2004
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Calcium oxide has been proved to be an excellent solid catalyst for the synthesis of
N,
N′-disubstituted ureas from ethylene carbonate and primary amines under mild conditions.
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