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Kazunori Hirabayashi, Hideki Sato, Yu Kuriyama, Jun-ichi Matsuo, Soich ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
826-827
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Allyl mesityl sulfide reacted with ethyl glyoxylate in the presence of tin(IV) chloride to give a tetrahydrofuran derivative. The presence of a bulky substituent on the sulfur atom was crucial to the present reaction. The reaction of allyl mesityl selenide also gave a cycloaddition product, whereas allylation occurred when allyl mesityl telluride was used.
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Atsuhisa Miyawaki, Yoshinori Takashima, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, Akira Hara ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
828-829
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
The mixture of monofunctional and bifunctional cyclodextrin derivatives formed branched supramolecular polymers, which showed an increase in the viscosity of aqueous solution. However, a monofunctional cyclodextrin derivative did not form viscous solutions. It is caused by the crosslinking of linear supramolecular polymers through hetero-type inclusion and some intermolecular interactions.
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Takashi Katagiri, Hayato Tsurugi, Atsushi Funayama, Tetsuya Satoh, Mas ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
830-831
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
The cross-coupling of a number of internal arylalkynes with a representative terminal alkyne,
tert-butyldimethylsilylacetylene, proceeds regio- and stereoselectively in the presence of a rhodium catalyst to produce the corresponding enyne compounds with good yield.
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Koichi Sakaguchi, Ryosuke Fujii, Takeshi Kodama, Hiroyuki Nishikawa, I ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
832-833
Published: July 05, 2007
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We produced two CaHo@C
82 isomers whose electronic states were characterized to be Ca
2+Ho
3+@C
825− from the elution behavior of high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Keiji Shimoda, Koji Kanehashi, Moriaki Hatakeyama, Yasuhiro Tobu, Tada ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
834-835
Published: July 05, 2007
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We hereby report that ultra-high magnetic field (21.8 T) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is very useful in studies of quadrupolar nuclides in inorganic materials. The increase in signal sensitivity, especially for species with large quadrupolar products, and the decrease in signal width become significant with increasing magnetic field strength. An
27Al 5QMAS spectrum of a refractory mortar was considerably resolved at 21.8 T compared with 16.4 T, suggesting the effectiveness of the ultra-high field NMR in clarifying the local structures in complex materials.
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Yuhki Abe, Seiichiro Nakabayashi
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
836-837
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
In a solitary bubble trapped at the antinode of the standing acoustic field in water, the density increase of
n-butanoic acid in the bubble quenched the sonoluminescence in consuming the acoustic energy by sonochemical reaction. In the bubbles filled with inert gases (He, Ar, and Xe), the quenching was obvious in Xe, but in He. These observations suggest that He locating at the bubble center reduces the sonochemical reactivity.
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Kazukuni Tahara, Takashi Yoshimura, Mariko Ohno, Motohiro Sonoda, Yosh ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
838-839
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
A boomerang-shaped bis(dehydrobenzo[12]annulene) and a trapezoid-shaped tris(dehydrobenzo[12]annulene) were synthesized, and their ground- and excited-state properties were investigated.
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Yan Tang, Qianwang Chen
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
840-841
Published: July 05, 2007
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Single-crystalline magnetite nanowires were prepared by a facile hydrothermal process in the presence of citrate anions and PVP at 180 °C for 24 h. The magnetite nanowires have diameters of 60–180 nm and length up to several ten micrometers. The nanowires were identified to grow along the [110] direction. On the basis of the results, the formation mechanism of the magnetite nanowires was discussed.
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Syuhei Yamaguchi, Teppei Takahashi, Akira Wada, Yasuhiro Funahashi, To ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
842-843
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Reaction of hydroxozinc(II) complex bearing amino group with CO
2 gave carbamate product, whose generation and reaction mechanism have been studied structurally and spectroscopically as a structural/functional model of biotin-dependent carboxylase.
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Takafumi Akamatsu, Hiroshi Osaki, Yusuke Daiko, Toshihiro Kasuga
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
844-845
Published: July 05, 2007
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A calcium metaphosphate glass-derived hydrogel shows high electrical conductivities of about 1 mS/cm around room temperature. Potentiometric hydrogen gas sensors using the hydrogel showed good Nernstian response to hydrogen gas concentration difference generated between detective and reference electrodes. The proton transport number of the hydrogel was estimated to be almost 1; no contribution of Ca
2+ and OH
− ions in the hydrogel was shown. The evaluation of amperometric hydrogen gas sensors showed that limiting currents vary with hydrogen gas flow rates.
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Hao Zhong, Hiroshige Matsumoto, Tatsumi Ishihara, Akira Toriyama
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
846-847
Published: July 05, 2007
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La
0.9Sr
0.1Ga
0.8Mg
0.2O
3 (LSGM)-based honeycomb cell was first time successfully built and power generation property of the single-wall and the 4-wall-used cells was measured. The achieved maximum power density is 390 and 250 mW/cm
2 at 1073 and 973 K, respectively, when the single wall is used for the cell fabrication. The power generations of 4-wall-used cell also succeed in this study, and about 200 mW/cm
2, which is high volumetric power density as high as 300 W/L, is achieved.
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Ye Liu, Hong-Jiao Zhang, Yue-Qin Cai, Hai-Hong Wu, Xiu-Li Liu, Yong Lu
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
848-849
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Without the auxiliary involvement of axial ligands and organic solvents, the ionic manganese porphyrin
1c immobilized in [BPy][BF
4] efficiently catalyzed the oxidation of styrene and its derivatives under mild conditions, affording high activity/oxide selectivity and good stability even after 5 recycling uses.
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Chihiro Urata, Yusuke Yamauchi, Dai Mochizuki, Kazuyuki Kuroda
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
850-851
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Mesoporous silica particles having mesopore surface functionalized with poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) chains were prepared in one pot by using newly designed triethoxysilyl-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–PPO–PEO triblock copolymers with structure-directing and surface-modifying dual functions.
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Toshiaki Murai, Masaki Monzaki, Fumitoshi Shibahara
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
852-853
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Optically pure phosphoroselenoyl chloride reacted with Et
3N in the presence of H
2O to give a phosphoroselenoic tertiary ammonium salt. Formation of the salt was confirmed by X-ray molecular structure analysis. The quaternary ammonium salt was prepared by reacting phosphoroselenoic acid
O-2-silylethyl ester with Bu
4NF. The alkylation of tertiary ammonium salt with racemic alkyl halides gave phosphoroselenoic acid
Se-esters as diastereomeric mixtures. The cleavage of
Se-esters with Bu
4NF gave optically active dialkyl diselenides.
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Kiyonori Ogisu, Akio Ishikawa, Kentaro Teramura, Kenji Toda, Michikazu ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
854-855
Published: July 05, 2007
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La–In-based oxysulfide is demonstrated to act as a photocatalyst for the reduction of H
+ to H
2 and the oxidation of H
2O to O
2 in the presence of sacrificial reagents under visible light (420 ≤ λ ≤ 480 nm). Loading with IrO
2 is effective for promoting O
2 evolution, while Pt is effective as a cocatalyst for H
2 evolution.
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Takeyuki Suzuki, Yusuke Ito, Bruno Boury, Yoshiyuki Sugahara
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
856-857
Published: July 05, 2007
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To prepare stable polymer–titania hybrids, titania particles were modified using urushiol (extracted from Japanese lacquer) via surface complexation. The urushiol moieties underwent hydrosilylation and radical graft-polymerization to yield polymer–titania hybrids in which the titania particles were dispersed in polymer matrices.
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Farzad Nikpour, Davood Sheikh
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
858-859
Published: July 05, 2007
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A novel and simple one-pot synthesis of some quinazoline-2,4-dione dimer derivatives has been described via the condensation reaction of anthranilic acid derivatives with semicarbazide hydrochloride under reflux condition in DMF. The reactions proceed without use of any catalyst.
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Kazutoshi Iijima, Teruhiko Matsubara, Toshinori Sato
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
860-861
Published: July 05, 2007
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We identified precipitates of salts on phospholipid bilayers in solution with an atomic force microscope and X-ray fluorescence analyzer. The precipitates on the surface of a dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine membrane in a gel state were found in Tris-buffered saline and grew with time. The salts precipitated were considered to be NaCl in buffer.
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Takashi Inoue, Itaru Gunjishima, Yoko Kumai, Shinji Inagaki, Atsuto Ok ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
862-863
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
The outermost surface structure of a calcined cubic mesoporous silica film was observed for the first time by high-resolution field emission scanning microscopy, which showed a periodic pore arrangement with inherent cage openings and one-dimensional grooves on the surface. The grooves are formed to be the interconnected A-cages associated along the <100> direction on the {210} crystallographic plane of SBA-1.
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Yoko Baba, Akio Toshimitsu, Seijiro Matsubara
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
864-865
Published: July 05, 2007
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Treatment of dibromomethyl phenyl sulfone with zinc powder in the presence of a catalytic amount of lead in THF afforded phenylsulfonyl-substituted dizinciomethane. The species converts a ketone or aldehyde into an alkenyl sulfone via a Wittig-type olefination reaction with the assistance of β-TiCl
3.
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Yasunori Yonekuta, Kenichi Oyaizu, Hiroyuki Nishide
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
866-867
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Structures and electrochemical behaviors of nitroxide radicals reveal that their rapid and reversible redox reactions are based not only on their chemical stability but also on the increased sp
2 character of nitrogens which is intermediate between the purely sp
2 and sp
3 nitrogens in oxoammonium cations and amines, respectively.
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Jinxia Xu, Keyu Wang, Yi Xu
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
868-869
Published: July 05, 2007
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Ordered Co
43Ni
57 nanowire array has been fabricated in a porous alumina template by alternating current electrodeposition. The as-obtained nanowires exhibit a diameter of about 45 nm and aspect ratio of more than 30. X-ray diffraction indicates that the Co
43Ni
57 nanowires crystallize in Co (fcc) solid solution with a highly preferential orientation (111). The Co
43Ni
57 nanowire array has an obvious magnetic anisotropy. However, the magnetic properties of such nanowire arrays exhibited a bad thermal stability at the medium temperature of 200 °C.
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Hideki Kurihara, Tatuhiko Yajima
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
870-871
Published: July 05, 2007
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Atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma (APMP) was generated in the liquid phase (LPAPMP) using carbon felt pieces impregnated with NaCl. The decomposition reaction of liquid toluene was examined as an application of LPAPMP. The reaction was divided into three periods: in the first period, faint spark discharges were observed in liquid toluene (LPSD) and toluene began to boil; in the second period, LPAPMP was generated and toluene was decomposed rapidly; in the final period, APMP was generated, but toluene had already been evaporated off.
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Yoichiro Kuninobu, Yukimi Tokunaga, Kazuhiko Takai
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
872-873
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Regioselective insertion of isocyanates into a C–H bond of heteroaromatic compounds took place using a rhenium catalyst, [ReBr(CO)
3(thf)]
2.
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Rie Sugimura, Kun Qiao, Daisuke Tomida, Yohei Kume, Chiaki Yokoyama
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
874-875
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
Immobilization of palladium acetate on a novel polymeric support that is prepared by copolymerization of 3-butyl-1-vinylimidazolium chloride with styrene is demonstrated to be an effective way to eliminate inhibiting effect of imidazolium chloride and enhance catalytic performance.
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Mariko Takayanagi, Yoko Imai, Kazuo Tajima
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
876-877
Published: July 05, 2007
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Amorphous TiO
2 particles were prepared by the various reverse systems such as reverse micelle, reverse microemulsion, reverse emulsion, and by the sol–gel method, and investigated on their photocatalytic properties. After calcinating for 3 h at 200 °C, we found that they indicated two kinds of band-gap energies and gave the photocatalytic activity with irradiation of either UV or visible light, while anatase state did not work with visible light. However, any amorphous states were gradually converted into crystalline anatase with continuous irradiation, even without heating.
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Tatsumi Ishihara, Yuiko Hata, Yohei Nomura, Kenji Kaneko, Hiroshige Ma ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
878-879
Published: July 05, 2007
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Rutile TiO
2 support is effective for increasing the formation rate as well as selectivity to H
2O
2. A great enhancement in the H
2O
2 formation rate and selectivity is achieved by controlling the particle size of Pd–Au (7:3 in weight ratio) alloy, and the average size of 18 nm exhibits the high selectivity to H
2O
2 under atmospheric pressure.
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Fuyuki Sato, Kouki Sakamoto, Wakako Umemoto, Takeshi Hashimoto, Takash ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
880-881
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Supplementary material
The amphiphilic benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5) azoprobes exhibit a self-assembly in response to alkali metal ions in water based on the exciton interaction of the phenylazo groups in the probes, and the most selective response to K
+ was obtained for an azoprobe possessing a hexyl spacer unit.
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Aijie Han, Yu Qiao
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
882-883
Published: July 05, 2007
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Energy absorption behaviors of a surface-treated nanoporous silica gel are investigated through a pressure-induced infiltration experiment. The results show that the infiltration pressure is dominated by the surface coverage, and thus by controlling the surface treatment time the system performance can be adjusted quite conveniently.
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Kenjiro Hashi, Tadashi Shimizu, Teruaki Fujito, Atsushi Goto, Shinobu ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
884-885
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Solid-state NMR measurements at 30 T have been performed with a hybrid magnet of National Institute for Materials Science. Spectral resolution less than 3 ppm was confirmed by
79Br magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR measurements of a reference material KBr. A small sample and an aluminum metal shield were used to reduce the effects of field inhomogeneity and fluctuation. As an example of application for an industrial material,
27Al MAS NMR of a refractory mortar was demonstrated.
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Jung In Song, Duk Keun An
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
886-887
Published: July 05, 2007
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A new reducing agent, sodium diisobutyl-
t-butoxyaluminum hydride (SDBBA), easily prepared by addition of sodium
t-butoxide to DIBALH in THF at 0 °C or room temperature, readily reacts with representative esters to give the corresponding aldehydes in very good yields under mild conditions (0 °C).
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Insuk Lee, Youngmin You, Seon-Jeong Lim, Soo Young Park
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
888-889
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
A novel class of heteroleptic Ir
III complexes covalently linked with photochromic bisthienylethene (BTE) switch showed optically addressed modulation in blue, green, and yellow phosphorescence. Additional enhancement of phosphorescence modulation was successfully achieved by the incorporation of multiple BTE switches or by the use of intermolecular energy transfer.
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Noboru Aoyagi, Ryuji Nagaishi, Fumitaka Esaka, Reiji Yamada
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
890-891
Published: July 05, 2007
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A high yield of H
2 gas was unprecedentedly produced by the radiolysis of water-containing asbestos while the morphology of them turned fibrous bundles into nonfibrous particles in 0.40 M H
2SO
4 solution over 2.0 MGy dose of irradiation.
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Katsuhiko Ono, Hiromitsu Tanaka, Masahito Shiozawa, Tomoyoshi Motohiro ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
892-893
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A ruthenium(II) complex containing a 4,5-diazafluorene moiety as a polypyridyl ligand was synthesized and its properties were investigated. A solar cell using the complex as a dye sensitizer showed a solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency of η=7.3% under irradiation with AM 1.5 solar light; the value was slightly higher than that of red dye N719 (η=7.0%).
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Ayyamperumal Sakthivel, Kenichi Komura, Yoshihiro Sugi
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
894-895
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Supplementary material
Nanosized β-zeolite was synthesized in presence of two templates viz., tetraethylammonium hydroxide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide by steaming dry-gel precursors.
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Naohiro Kameta, Go Mizuno, Mitsutoshi Masuda, Hiroyuki Minamikawa, Mas ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
896-897
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Supplementary material
Novel unsymmetrical bolaamphiphile, bearing glucose- and triglycine-headgroups at both ends, exclusively self-assembled into nanotubes with 7–9-nm inner diameters, which consist of a single monolayer lined by polyglycine-II-type hydrogen-bond networks among the triglycine moieties.
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Sami Ben Aoun, Isao Taniguchi
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
898-899
Published: July 05, 2007
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The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at Au nanoparticles-modified highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrode has been investigated, for the first time. Catalytic oxidation of glucose to gluconolactone was observed and an electro-oxidative pretreatment of the HOPG electrode showed a significant enhancement of the catalytic activity as a consequence of the significant change in the crystallographic orientations through enrichment in the Au(100) facets of the electrodeposited Au nanoparticles.
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Junya Kano, Lu Jenfeng, In-Cheol Kang, William Tongamp, Eiko Kobayashi ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
900-901
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A new route for synthesizing GaN from gallium metal by grinding in NH
3 gas atmosphere is proposed in this paper. The proposed route is to grind Ga metal under ammonia gas atmosphere by using a planetary mill with unisized ZrO
2 balls. The grinding, which induces mechanochemical reaction between the two, has been conducted. The formation of GaN was confirmed in XRD patterns, and the peak intensity of GaN increases with grinding time.
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Takatoshi Nomura, Katsuro Hayashi, Yoshiki Kubota, Toshio Kamiya, Masa ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
902-903
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Supplementary material
Effects of O
2− or OH
− ion incorporation on the cage geometry in 12CaO·7Al
2O
3 (C12A7) crystals are examined by the maximum entropy method (MEM)/Rietveld analyses of synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. Presence of an extraframework anion in a cage causes inward displacements of two Ca
2+ ions axially coordinating to the anion. The OH
− ion locates at the cage center and induces smaller symmetric displacements of the two Ca
2+ ions, while the O
2− ion likely locates on off-axis positions and induces larger asymmetric Ca
2+ ion displacements.
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Masahiro Narukawa, Yutaka Matsumi, Kenshi Takahashi, Akihiro Yabushita
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
904-905
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Using a laser-ionization single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (LISPA-MS), mass spectra of ammonium and sodium salt particles were obtained. In the negative-ion mass spectra, HSO
4−, and NO
2− and NO
3− were dominant ions for (NH
4)
2SO
4 and NH
4NO
3 particles, respectively, while ions with sodium were also dominant for Na
2SO
4 and NaNO
3 particles. The chemical compositions of such salt aerosol particles can be inferred from the distribution of ions in those negative-ion mass spectra obtained using the LISPA-MS.
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Sang Man Koo, Hoe Jin Hah, Dong Il Han, Chan Yoon Jung
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
906-907
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Supplementary material
Mesoporous organosilica particles with large internal pores were prepared by a self-template, self-assembly process using homo- and heterocondensation of silane mixture, and extraction of highly soluble, homocondensed PTMS. This method not only provides a simple synthetic route without using an expensive template but also endows chemical flexibility to mesoporous particles owing to alkyl and aryl functional groups in organosilanes.
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Xiaomin Ni, Dongguo Li, Yongfeng Zhang, Huagui Zheng
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
908-909
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Flowery assembly of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) cobalt nanoplatelets was fabricated in high yield via a simple one-pot method without any surfactants. The process involved the reduction of the precursor of cobalt dimethylglyoximate with hydrazine in a basic medium. Thus-prepared cobalt flowers exhibited a ferromagnetic characteristic with the coercivity of 308 Oe at room temperature, much higher than that of bulk counterpart.
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Miki Murata, Naoaki Fukuyama, Jun-ichi Wada, Shinji Watanabe, Yuzuru M ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
910-911
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The intermolecular dehydrogenative coupling of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane with arenes proceeded in the presence of a catalytic amount of platinum complexes prepared in situ from PtCl
2 and hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate derivatives.
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Yan Wang, Weiping Qin, Jisen Zhang, Chunyan Cao, Jishuang Zhang, Ye Ji ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
912-913
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Hexagonal-phase LaF
3: Yb
3+, Er
3+, hexagonal-phase NaGdF
4: Yb
3+, Er
3+, cubic-phase NaYF
4: Yb
3+, Er
3+ nanocrystals (NCs), and hexagonal-phase NaYF
4: Yb
3+, Er
3+ submicrorods (MRs) were prepared with oleic acid as capping ligand. The NCs and MRs can be redispersed in nonpolar organic solvents, thus forming transparent and stable solutions. Under a 980-nm excitation from a diode laser, the Yb
3+, Er
3+-codoped NC and MR colloidal solutions present bright green upconversion fluorescence.
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Sushma Manda, Ikuo Nakanishi, Kei Ohkubo, Tomonori Kawashima, Ken-ichi ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
914-915
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Supplementary material
The one-electron oxidation potentials of two cyclic nitroxyl radicals determined by the differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry were found to shift negatively with the increased solvent polarity.
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Na Liu, Yueming Liu, Chaochao Yue, Li Chen, Haihong Wu, Xiaohong Li, M ...
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
916-917
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Crystalline zeolites with the MWW topology are readily synthesized under hydrothermal conditions using long-chain quaternary ammonium cation like octyltrimethylammonium from high silica gels free of alkali metal ions, which implies a new route for preparing MWW-type metallosilicates.
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Daisuke Kudo, Yoichi Masui, Makoto Onaka
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
918-919
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Supplementary material
Pd
II-loading alumina catalyst, which is simply prepared through impregnation of γ–alumina with Pd(OAc)
2 followed by calcination in the air, shows a high catalytic activity for the Suzuki coupling of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids under phosphine ligand-free conditions. Only 0.25 mol % of palladium is sufficient for the promotion of the couplings in ethanol.
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Hironobu Ozawa, Ken Sakai
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
920-921
Published: July 05, 2007
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Supplementary material
The second example of a photo-hydrogen-evolving (PHE) molecular device consisting of a Ru(bpy)
32+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) derivative and a
cis-PtCl
2 unit has been successfully prepared and characterized to reveal that the PHE activity is quite sensitive to the structural modification at the bridging spacer unit connecting the Ru
II and Pt
II centers.
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Namsin Park, Takeyuki Shiraishi, Kazuyoshi Kamisugi, Shuzi Hayase
2007 Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages
922-923
Published: July 05, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2007
JOURNAL
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The effect of nanoparticle addition into an anode electrode on direct ethanol fuel cells is reported. When nanopartilces such as TiO
2, SnO
2, and SiO
2 were added to the anode electrode, the short circuit current (
Jsc) increased from 2.8 to 4.4–9.0 mA cm
−2. The nanoparticle and the carbon-supported PtRu (PtRu/C) were mixed merely at the ratio of 1:1. The PtRu content decreased to a half of the original electrode, but,
Jsc increased after the nanoparticle addition. The results were explained by the increase in the fuel diffusion and the catalyst activity. These effects of the nanoparticle addition were not observed for direct methanol fuel cells.
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