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Volume 19, Issue 12
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HISASHI NOGAMI, JUN HASEGAWA, KATSUO AOKI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2433-2441
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe kinetic studies were conducted on the reaction between propyl propane-thiol-sulfinate (PrSSOPr) or -thiolsulfonate (PrSSO2Pr) and 1-cysteine. The reactions were shown by the following equations. PrSSOPr+CySH→CySSPr+(PrSOH) 2(PrSOH)→PrSSOPr+H2O and PrSSO2Pr+CySH→CySSPr+PrSO2H The studies were carriepd out at an acidic pH because of the very fast rates of these reactions. The reaction species of cysteine was proved to be the protonated S-anion, RN+H3·S-. The values of the enthalpy of activation and the entropy of activation were calculated to be 8.4 kcal/mole, -15.1 e.u. for PrSSOPr and 2.9 kcal/mole, -19.2 e. u. for PrSSO2Pr.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
HISASHI NOGAMI, JUN HASEGAWA, KATSUO AOKI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2442-2447
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlkaline degradation of propyl propanethiolsulfonate (PrSSO2Pr) was investigated to study the reaction mechanism for the synthesis of thiamine derivatives of disulfide type. It was postulated that PrSSO2Pr degrades to thiolsulfinate (PrSSOPr) and sulfinic acid (PrSO2H) eventually as shown in the following equations. PrSSO2Pr+OH-→PrSO2-+(PrSOH) 2(PrSOH)→^^(fast)PrSSOPr+H2O The values of the enthalpy of activation and the entropy of activation were calculated to be 8.2 kcal/mole and -21.7 e. u. PrSSOPr underwent alkaline degradation as PrSSO2Pr did, but the rate was rather smaller than that of PrSSO2Pr.View full abstractDownload PDF (557K) -
HISASHI NOGAMI, JUN HASEGAWA, MANABU HANANO, KATSUO AOKI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2448-2456
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKinetic studies were conducted on the reaction between thiamine and propyl propane-thiolsulfinate (PrSSOPr) or -thiolsulfonate (PrSSO2Pr) to give thiamine propyl disulfide (B1SSPr). The folllowing mechanisms were suggested for the reaction with PrSSOPr. [chemical formula] (1) B1SH+PrSSOPr→^^(k5)B1SSPr+(PrSOH) (2) [chemical formula] (3) The reaction with PrSSO2Pr was more complicated, since the hydrolysis of PrSSO2Pr was not neglected, as shown in the following equations. B1SH+PrSSO2Pr→^^(k3)B1SSPr+PrSO2H (4) PrSSO2Pr+H2O→^^(k4)(PrSOH)+PrSO2H (5) The rate of conversion to thiol-type thiamine was found to be the rate limiting step and k1 determined as 1.66×10-4 sec-1 at pH 8 and 37°. The validity of the discussion was supported by the agreement between the experimental data and the simulation curves by analog computation.View full abstractDownload PDF (860K) -
TARO OGISO, MAMORU SUGIURA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2457-2465
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the hydrolysis rate of esters at each position of triglyceride (TG), the positional specificity and mechanism of lipolysis by Mucor lipase, kinetic studies and action pattern of hydrolysis on glycerides were studied. It was found by thin-layer chromatography that the lipase firstly hydrolyzed the esters at outer position of TG and next the inner chain, and the hydrolysis rate of esters was in the order : TG>2, 3-DG≒MG, however, in the presence of bile salts : TG>2, 3-DG>MG. Although in the presence of bile salts the rate at initial stage of lipolysis was higher than that in its absence, the rate at the end became equal to or less than that in its absence. Thermodynamic values of activation state little changed by the addition of the salts. Km and Vmax values were found to be 7.4×10-3M and 10.8 μmoles/min for trilaurin and 26.7×10-3 and 8.1 for 1, 3-dilaurin, respectively. k values for TG were also higher than that for 1, 3-DG. Km values for triolein and trilinolein were 6.3×10-2 and 6.5×10-2M, respectively, whereas the value for trilinolenin (Δ6, 7, Δ9, 10 and Δ12, 13) was 48×10-2M and the result indicates that polyunsaturated fatty acids in TG molecules resist the lipolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1384K) -
KIYOMI KIKUGAWA, MOTONOBU ICHINO, TAKESHI KAWASHIMA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2466-2471
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline), one of the nucleotide coenzymes having pyrophosphate linkages, was synthesized in a fairly good yield by the direct condensation of cytidine-5'monophosphate (5'-CMP) and choline phosphate (P-choline) by means of thionyl chloride combined with dimethylformamide (Vilsmeier-Haack reagent).View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
HISASHI NOGAMI, JUN HASEGAWA, KATSUO AOKI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2472-2477
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigation was made on the oxidation of dipropyl disulfide with hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid, as a basis for kinetic studies in the synthesis of thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD). Separation and detection methods of the oxidation products by thin-layer chromatography were established. Among these products, thiolsulfinate (PrSSOPr), thiolsulfonate (PrSSO2Pr), sulfinic acid and sulfonic acid were identified. The stability, solubility, IR and UV-spectrum of PrSSOPr and PrSSO2Pr, which react with thiamine to produce TPD, were examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (726K) -
YOSHIAKI KAMANO, KATSUO HATAYAMA, MICHIKO SHINOHARA, MANKI KOMATSU1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2478-2484
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new bufadienolide, resibufagin (I), has been isolated from both"thin-plate"Ch'an Su and"disk-like"one. Based on the chemical and spectral evidence, the structure of resibufagin (I) was assigned to be 3β-hydroxy-19-oxo-14β, 15β-epoxy-5β-bufa-20, 22-dienolide. Treatment of I with sodium borohydride afforded an alcohol, named resibufaginol (III). Oxidation of an acetate (II) obtained from I with chromium trioxide gave a corresponding 10-carboxylic acid (V), which was methylated to afford a 10-methyl carboxylate (VI). Treatment of I or II with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium acetate gave the corresponding oxime, VII or VIII, respectively. Acetylation of VII or VIII with acetic anhydride and pyridine afforded the same acetyloxime (IX). Furthermore, together I, there were obtained a bufogenin, which was identified to be marinobufagin (X), first isolation from Ch'an Su. Resibufagin (I) isolated from Ch'an Su is the third bufadienolide having 10-formyl group. Also resibufaginol (III) obtained from I is the third bufadienolide having 10-alcohol group, and may be obtained from toad venoms on further examination.View full abstractDownload PDF (818K) -
KIYOCHIKA TOKUYASU, JOSEPH ILAN, JUDITH ILAN1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2485-2489
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn aspect of ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis in malaria (Plasmodium berghei) was observed using free parasite cells in vitro. The time course of the incorporation of uridine-2-14C into parasite RNA showed a linearity up to one hour and then a plateau. The incorporation rate was directly proportional to the amount of malarial parasites used. The rate and the level of the uridine incorporation into parasite RNA were higher in K+-rich medium than in Na+-rich medium. Coenzyme A and dithiothreitol had no stimulative effect on the uridine incorporation into parasite RNA. Their addition had no protective effect also on the preservation of the RNA synthesizing capability of free parasites. The addition of adenosine, guanosine, and cytidine to the incubation mixture inhibited apparently the incorporation of uridine-2-14C into parasite RNA. When cytidine was omitted from those additions, no inhibition was observed. Dinitrophenol inhibited only 30% of the uridine incorporation and no further inhibition was observed by the further addition of the inhibitor. Actinomycin D inhibited 80% of the uridine incorporation at 0.5 μg/ml and that shows, in Plasmodium berghei, RNA synthesis is desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) dependent.View full abstractDownload PDF (568K) -
HIDEYO SHINDO, NOBUHIRO MIYAKOSHI, ISAO TAKAHASHI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2490-2500
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of D- and L-14C-DOPA and 14C-dopamine were investigated by means of whole-body autoradiographic technique following intravenous injection in rats. Significant differences were found in the distribution pattern of radioactivity between the two isomers, as summarized in the following : i) a rapid and marked uptake of L-DOPA by the brain and the localization in the caudate nucleus, in contrast to a slow and a very low distribution of D-DOPA over the whole brain, ii) an extremely high uptake and a long retention of L-DOPA in the adrenal medulla, iii) a much higher concentration of L-DOPA in the skeletal muscle and liver than D-DOPA, and an appreciably faster initial rate of elimination of D-DOPA into the urine, and iv) an accumulation and a long retention of both isomers in the pancreas, renal medulla and hair follicles, with an appreciably higher concentration in the D-isomer. 14C-Dopamine did not show any radioactivity in the brain, confirming that it cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier. These results were discussed in relation to the possible differences in their metabolism and transport and to the therapeutic effect of L-DOPA against Parkinsonism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1804K) -
SADAO SATO, NORIKO SAKURAI, TETSUO MIYADERA, CHIHIRO TAMURA, RYUJI TAC ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2501-2509
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe crystal structure of 10-bromo-2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11b-hexahydro-2-methyl-11b-phenylbenze-[6, 7]-1, 4-diazepino [5, 4-b] oxazol-6-one, C18H17O2N2Br·C2H5OH, has been determined by the three dimensional Patterson method. This substance occurs as monoclinic crystals, space group P21/c, with Z=4 in the unit cell dimensions a=16.34, b=8.88, c=13.89 A, and β=102°. The block-diagonal least-squares refinements using 2780 reflections gave the final R=11.3%. The methyl and phenyl ring substituents are trans with respect to the plane of the oxazole ring.View full abstractDownload PDF (964K) -
KEN IKEDA, KAZUO KATO, TYOTARO TUKAMOTO1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2510-2517
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicellar solubilization of barbiturates by polyoxyethylene lauryl ether was investigated by the methods of solubility measurement, equilibrium and dynamic dialyses, potentiometric titration and molecular sieve. Amount of solubilized barbiturate was found to be proportional to free concentration in aqueous phase. Evaluating volume fraction of micelle, partition coefficient between aqueous and micellar phases, K, was used as the quantitative indication of micellar solubilization. Results obtained by various methods were in good agreement. Phenobarbital alone showed specific interaction with polyoxyethylene lauryl ether in solubility study at temperature below 45°. To see the effect of chemical structure on solubilization attempt was made to subdivide log K into terms concerning Taft's substituent constant, carbon number of substituents and unsubstituted barbituric acid. These considerations suggest that major portion of barbiturate is localized in polyoxyethylene layer of micelle.View full abstractDownload PDF (879K) -
MASAMI INOUE, SABURO ENOMOTO1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2518-2522
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe alkylation of phenol to meta position takes place on condensed phosphoric acid-kieselguhr catalysts with C2-C4 olefins or C1-C4 alcohols as alkylating reagents. In our experiments, the yield of the meta isomer was 40%. From the distribution of the isomers of the compound, we deduced that this alkylation reaction takes place via phenylether and ortho alkylphenol consecutively. The mechanism of the reaction was investigated in detail, using radiogaschromatography; the ratio of the intramolecular rearrangement of alkyl group to the intermolecular one was evaluated. Intra- and inter-molecular rearrangements of phenylether to ortho alkylphenols occured in the same extent. On the other hand, for the isomerization of ortho alkylphenol to meta and para position, the intermolecular reaction was estimated to be only 20%. When the number of carbons of the alkyl group increased, the ratio increased. The mechanism of the alkylation is then discussed on the basis of the infrared spectra of phenol and methanol adsorbed on the catalyst at 450°.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K) -
KIICHIRO KAKEMI, HITOSHI SEZAKI, EITARO ARAKAWA, KAZUKO KIMURA, KEIKO ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2523-2529
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe possible interaction has been studied between plastics and several drugs and pharmaceutical adjuvants such as parabens, quaternary ammonium salts, and HCO-50 (polyoxyethylene derivative of hydrogenated castor oil). It was found that hydrophobic interaction plays a major role in adsorption of parabens to several plastics studied. Studies on the effect of temperature on adsorption and desorption suggest that the drug-binding sites of plastics may be hidden in the structure at low temperature and unfolded to the surface by configuration change at high temperature. HCO-50 was non-selectively adsorbed to all plastics studied and maximum adsorption occured near the region of the critical micelle concentration of HCO-50.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
TADAKAZU TSUJI, TOKUKO UEDA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2530-2533
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of β-keto esters with aminoguanidine afforded 2, 3-diamino-4 (3H)-pyrimidones (IV), which were employed for the cyclization to 5, 8-dihydro-s-triazolo [1, 5-a] pyrimidin-5-ones (V) and 1, 2-dihydro-3-methyl-6H-pyrimido [1, 2-b] as-triazine-2, 6-diones (VIII). Further treatment of β-keto esters with thiosemicarbazide gave 3-amino-4 (3H)=oxo-2 (1H)-pyrimidinethiones (XII). 7-Methyl-5H-1, 3, 4-thiadiazolo [3, 2-a] pyrimidin-5-one (XIV) was derived from the 6-methyl derivative of XII.View full abstractDownload PDF (495K) -
ISAO KITAGAWA, KATSUHIKO HINO, TADASHI NISHIMURA, ETSUKO IWATA, ITIRO ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2534-2544
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new bitter iridoid glucoside named picroside I has been isolated from the subterranean part of Picrorhiza kurrooa ROYLE ex BENTH. (Scrophulariaceae) in addition to mannitol and vanillic acid, and the structure of picroside I has now been established as II (6'-O-t-cinnamoyl-catalpol) on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidences. In addition, the re-examination concerning the stereostructure of catalpol has been performed and the correctness of the proposed structure (IV) has been re-confirmed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1139K) -
TOSHIO MIYAZAKI, TSUTOMU IRINO1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2545-2550
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMain polysaccharide from the cell wall of Rhizopus nigricans, [α] D-70.5°, is a highly heterogenous glycan, composed of fucose, mannose, galactose, and glucuronic acid in an approximate relative ratio of 11 : 1 : 3 : 10. The results of periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and partial hydrolysis indicate that the chemical structure of the polysaccharide is in a form oxidizable with periodate and greatly labile to mineral acid. The alkali-soluble but water-insoluble fragment of the cell wall contains uronic acid, glucosamine, and amino acids with small amounts of fucose, mannose, and galactose.View full abstractDownload PDF (838K) -
TADAKAZU TSUJI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2551-2554
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe proportions of isomers existing in the quaternization products were estimated from the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thin-layer chromatography data. Based on those data, the stereoselectivity of the quaternization of some 5-methyl-5-nitro-1, 3-dialkylhexahydropyrimidines with alkyl iodide was discussed. NMR characteristics and particularly the chemical shifts of axial and equatorial N-methyl and N-ethyl groups were used to assign the configurations.View full abstractDownload PDF (504K) -
TOSHIO NAMBARA, HIROSHI HOSODA, MASAHIRO USUI, LAIYIN NG1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2555-2560
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the behaviors toward bromination 3β-acetoxy-5α, 13α-androstan-15-one (X) was prepared from the 17-keto steroid (I) according to the method worked out by Djerassi, et al. with the C/D-trans steroid (see Chart 1). On treatment with bromine in acetic acid in the presence of hydrogen bromide, bromination occurred exclusively at C-16 yielding a mixture of 16β-bromo and 16, 16-dibromo derivatives (XI and XII), which could be separated readily by preparative thin-layer chromatography.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
JYOSUKE SHIMIZU, SHINJI MURAKAMI, TAKESHI OISHI, YOSHIO BAN1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2561-2566
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2-Alkylcyclopentanone phenylhydrazones (Ia, b) were refluxed with 98-100% formic acid to solely afford cis-1 : 2 : 3 : 3a : 4 : 8b-hexahydro-8b-alkyl-cyclopent (b) indoles (IVa, b) in the yields of 34% and 33%, respectively. Similar treatment of cyclopentanone phenylhydrazone with formic acid gave indoline (IVc) and indoles (IIc) and its N-formyl derivative (IIe). The reaction mechanism and stereochemistry of these products are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
KAZUNOBU MIURA, TOHRU UEDA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2567-2571
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA convenient modified method for the preparation of ribonucleotidyl-(2'-5') and (3'-5')-ribonucleoside by employing unblocked ribonucleoside was developed. Particularly, this method is useful for the synthesis of diribonucleoside monophosphates (XpA or XpG) involving adenosine or guanosine in 2'or 3' OH end.View full abstractDownload PDF (542K) -
YUKIO KAMEDA, HITOSHI SAGAI, TOMOKO YAMADA, SHOICHI KANATOMO, KATSUHIK ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2572-2578
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBacillus natto KMD 1126 suspension had not remarkable cytolytic activity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. But when the bacterial suspension was preincubated in the buffer at 37°for 2 hr, cytolytic substances were found out of the cells. These results were observed by eosin stain method, measurement of cell injuring activity and in vitroin vivo test. It was observed that the formation of cytolytic substances were intimately related with bacterial growth phase, and bacterial cells at logarithmic phase and early stationary phase made much amounts of the substances, and cells at lag phase could not form it. On the other hand, it was observed that there are at least two kind of cytolytic substances in the preincubation mixture by Sephadex G 25 gel filtration. One, which is high molecule, had cytolytic and hemolytic activities, but the other, which is low molecule, had cytolytic activity only.View full abstractDownload PDF (811K) -
NOBUTAKA TSUNAKAWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2579-2584
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to evaluate the electrodialytic extraction method, a large number of drugs were extracted with the proposed apparatus, and the following results were obtained. 1. Organic acids, sulfonamides, amino acids and barbiturates could be extracted by using 0.5M NH4OH as a basic carrier solution. 2. Amines, sulfonamides and amino acids could be extracted by using 0.5M acetic acid as an acidic carrier solution. 3. Substances which have very low dissociation constant could be made into useful carrier solution by adding a strong electrolyte such as NaCl. The most desireable specific conductivity is about 1.0×10-3 mho/cm. 4. Some sugars could be extracted in the form of borate complex.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
NOBUTAKA TSUNAKAWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2585-2592
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectrodialytic extraction was applied to the following extraction processes : a) Extraction of dihydrocodeine phosphate from a dihydrocodeine phosphatecarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) system. b) Extraction of acrinol from medicated pad. c) Extraction of thiamine from modified milk powder. d) Extraction of berberine from powdered phellodendron. From these expreiments the following results were obtained. 1) In all experiments the superiority of electrodialytic extraction was proved. 2) By using electrodialytic extraction, clear extract was obtained easily from the sample, even from a turbid solution or insoluble materials. 3) The test component which moved in the opposite direction by electric current could be separated by using electrodialytic extraction. 4) It was found that electrodialytic extraction could be used for analysis of food and crude drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (820K) -
MORIO IKEHARA, HIROKAZU MORISAWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2593-2602
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN6-Dimethyladenosine was derived to 8-brorro-2'-and 3'-TPS compounds by bromination with bromine-water at pH 4, followed by the reaction with NaH and TPS-Cl in DMF. From 2'-TPS compound 8, 2'-anhydro-8-mercapto-9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-N6-dimethyladenine (8, 2'-S-cyclonucleoside) and from 3'-TPS compound 8, 3'-anhydro-8-mercapto-9-β-D-xylofuranosyl-N6-dimethyladenine (8, 3'-S-cyclonucleoside) were obtained. Structure of these cyclonucleosides were determined by ultraviolet (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD) and mass spectra. Desulfurization with Raney nickel gave 2'-deoxy and 3'-deoxy-N6-dimethyladenosine, respectively. Treatment of 2'-and 3'-TPS compound with NaOAc in acetic acid-acetic anhydride mixture, followed by cyclization with ammonia-methanol gave 8, 2'-anhydro-8-oxy-9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-(8, 2'-O-cyclonucleoside) and 8, 3'-anhydro-8-oxy-9-β-D-xylofuranosyl-N6-dimethyladenine (8, 3'-O-cyclonucleoside), respectively. The structure of these cyclonucleoside was determined by UV, NMR, CD and mass spectra.View full abstractDownload PDF (1032K) -
YOSHIO TAKEUCHI, KENJI KOGA, TAKAYUKI SHIOIRI, SHUNICHI YAMADA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2603-2608
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAtropine (VI), littorine (VII), apoatropine (IX), and related compounds have been synthesized by a one-step deamination reaction from dl-phenylalanine 3α-tropanyl ester (V). The amino ester (V) was obtained by coupling tropine with N-phthalyl-dl-phenylalanyl chloride (III) followed by hydrazinolysis with an equimolar amount of hydrazine hydrate.View full abstractDownload PDF (724K) -
TATSUJI IGA, SHOJI AWAZU, MANABU HANANO, HISASHI NOGAMI1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2609-2616
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relaionship between the biliary excretion behavior and the elimination from plasma was studied using the same series of azo and triphenylmethane dyes in the previous papers in rat. Amaranth (AM) and new coccine (NC) in azo dyes, and Brilliant blue FCF (BB) and light green SF (LG) in triphenylmethane dyes, were used for the comparison. In azo dyes, the plasma elimination constants of NC, 0.034×10-1min-1 was almost three times samller than that of AM, 1.19×10-1min-1, but the elimination curves were considered similar with each other. And the difference of the binding ratio with plasma protein was only 10%. It was suggested that the remarkable difference of the biliary excretion behaviour between AM and NC, did not depend on the first step in the blood and that there were some other factors such as uptaking into liver celles, urinary excretion, metabolism and so on. As for triphenylmethane dyes, the plasma elimination of BB was remarkably rapid and it's half life was about 2.8 min. And it was of interest that the bile to plasma concentration ratio reached more than 500 at 15 min after intravenous injection. The elimination of LG was very slow and it's half life was about 40 min and 15 times lager than that of BB. And the binding ratio of LG was 2.5 times larger than that of BB. It was concluded that the remarkable difference of biliary excretion between BB and LG depended mainly upon the difference of binding ratio with plasma protein and slow disappearance from blood of LG.View full abstractDownload PDF (738K) -
KINZO NAGASAWA, YUKO INOUE1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2617-2622
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen chondroitin sulfate was dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, sulfation and depolymerization took place simultaneously during dissolution, and subsequent depolymerization developed gradually with reaction time which had no effect on sulfation. The degree of depolymerization depended on reaction temperature which had a slight effect on sulfation. The degree of sulfation was decisively controlled by temperature at the time of ether addition to the reaction mixture for the separation of products. By controlling various reaction conditions, i.e., reaction time, reaction temperature, and temperature at the time of ether addition, sulfated chondroitin with various combinations of molecular weight and sulfur content was obtained. The distribution of molecular size in sulfated chondroitin was investigated by gelfiltration, which suggested a high polydispersity in molecular weight. Chemical analyses of sulfated chondroitin revealed that neither degradation of the uronic acid residue nor deacetylation of the N-acetylgalactosamine residue occurred. The data of periodate oxidation and infrared spectra suggested that the three substitutable hydroxyl groups present in the unit disaccharide of chondroitin sulfate were randomly sulfated.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
KIYOSHI TATSUMI, NORIYUKI ARIMA, HIDETOSHI YOSHIMURA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2623-2624
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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TAKUZO HISANO, MASATAKA ICHIKAWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2625-2628
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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KIYOMI KIKUGAWA, TAKESHI KAWASHIMA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2629-2630
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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HYOZO TANIYAMA, YOSUKE SAWADA, TSUNEHIRO KITAGAWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2631-2634
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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TOSHIHARU OHGOH, AKIFUMI KITAHARA, MASATOSHI FUJIMOTO, NORIYASU HIROSE ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2634-2636
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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ATSUKO BABA, RYOJI SAWAMURA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2637-2639
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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YASUO INUBUSHI, TOSHIHIKO HIBINO, TSUYAKO HASEGAWA, RATNASAMY SOMANATH ...1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2640-2642
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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KEITARO SENGA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2643-2644
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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FUMIO YONEDA, SADAO NISHIGAKI, KAZUKO SHINOMURA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2647-2648
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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MITSUTAKA NATSUME, MAKOTO TAKAHASHI, KAZUKO KIUCHI, HIDEKI SUGAYA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2648-2651
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
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HIROSHI HIKINO, TOMIHISA OHTA, TSUNEMATSU TAKEMOTO1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2651-2652
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (340K) -
AKIRA TAHARA, TADASHI NAKATA, YASUO OHTSUKA, SHOICHI TAKADA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2653-2654
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (367K) -
ISAMU MURAKOSHI, SHIGERU OHMIYA, JOJU HAGINIWA1971 Volume 19 Issue 12 Pages 2655-2657
Published: December 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (445K)
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