All issues
Volume 37, Issue 11
Displaying 1-50 of 71 articles from this issue
-
Hideaki FUJIWARA, Yong-Zhong DA, Tatsuya TAKAGI, Yoshio SASAKI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2887-2891
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times (T1) of 13C nuclei in strychnine have been measured in CDCl3 at 2.35T (25MHz) to investigate the molecular dynamics and the structural information included in the relaxation times. The T1 data of the proton-bearing carbons have been treated by a computer-aided method of analysis based on several models of molecular motion. The calculation supported an anisotropic nature of the molecular motion, although it is small. The T1 data of quaternary carbons are discussed after estimating the dipole-dipole parts for these carbons : these parts are dependent on the number of α-protons attached to the adjacent atoms and amount to 50-60% of the total relaxation rates. Contributions of the relaxation mechanisms other than the dipole-dipole one are estimated for the quaternary carbons from the T1 data including those at 11.74T (125MHz) reported elsewhere. Anisotropies in the chemical shift are also determined for the quaternary carbons. The anisotropy is relatively small for the carbonyl carbon attached to a nitrogen atom, indicating an electronegativity effect of the adjacent atom.View full abstractDownload PDF (716K) -
Miho YUKAWA, Tokihiro NIIYA, Yoshinobu GOTO, Takao SAKAMOTO, Hiroshi Y ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2892-2896
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the case of the reaction of 2, 4-dichloro-6-R-pyrimidines with methoxide anion, in which R is a methoxycarbonyl, chlorine, hydrogen, phenyl or methyl group, the replacement reaction of a chlorine atom with a methoxy group occurs predominantly at the 4-position, whereas the substitution takes place mainly at the 2-position when R is a methoxy group. The effect of the substituent at the 6-position on the reactivity of the chlorine atom of the chloropyrimidines was studied by using a semiempirical molecular orbital method (MNDO method). It was proved that the reaciton process from the reactants to the Meisenheimer-type complex plays an important role in determining the direction of the progress of the reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Hideji TANAKA, Koichiro MIYAJIMA, Masayuki NAKAGAKI, Saburo SHIMABAYAS ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2897-2901
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdsorption of amino acids (aspartic acid, alanine and lysine) on synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) was investigated. The surface ion (calcium or phosphate ion) with the same sign of the electric charge as that of the terminal group of the adsorbed amino acid was released from HAP. Aspartic acid and lysine showed high affinity to HAP in weak acidic solution and in weak alkaline solution, respectively, owing to the opposite charges of HAP and these amino acids. On the other hand, the affinity of alanine was low and almost independent of the solution pH. It was concluded that the dominant factor for the adsorption is the electrostatic interaction between the amino acid and the HAP surface. This interaction was shielded by the addition of an indifferent salf for HAP : KCl. However, when calcium or phosphate ion was added to the solution, the adsorbed amount of aspartic acid or lysine increased, respectively, due to the increase in the opposite surface charges to that of the adsorbed amino acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (751K) -
Machiko ONO, Reiko TODORIKI, Akihisa MITAKE, Miho YUKAWA, Yoshinobu GO ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2902-2908
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlkaline hydrolysis of β-arylaminoacrolein (1), a vinylog of amides, was studied kinetically. The kinetics involved terms both first and second order in hydroxide ion. The first step of the reaction (rate constant k1) is an attack of hydroxide ion on the β-position of 1, and the tetrahedral intermediate formed was partitioned in two ways : one without the aid of hydroxide ion (k2(k1/k-1)), and the other with the aid of hydroxide ion (k3(k1/k-1)). The rate constants, k1, k2(k1/k-1) and k3(k1/k-1) were obtained for 12 substrates, and the activation parameters, ΔH≠ and ΔS≠, of each step were evaluated for 5 substrates. The k2/k-1 values decreased with increasing electron-withdrawing effect of aryl substituents. The differences of ΔHf between the intermediates and the starting materials were evaluated by molecular orbital (MO) calculatins. The results showed that k2 decreases with increasing electron-withdrawing effect of the substitutents. The second step of the second-order reaction, k2(k1/k-1), is partitioning of anionic intermediates catalyzed by water as a general acid. While the second step of the third-order reaction, k3(k1/k-1), for "typical" substrates is departure of the arylamino group from the anionic intermediates catalyzed by both hydroxide ion and water, that for β-(p-nitrophenylamino)acrolein (1j) is direct expulsion of p-nitroanilide ion from the dinegatively charged intermediate.View full abstractDownload PDF (871K) -
Machiko ONO, Reiko TODORIKI, Shinzo TAMURA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2909-2913
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlkaline hydrolysis of 1-arylamino-3-arylimino-1-butene (1) was studied kinetically. The reaction proceeded in two ways; by hydrolysis at the 1-position of 1 to give β-arylaminocrotonaldehyde (2) and arylamine (pathway A), and by hydrolysis at the 3-position of 1 to give 4-arylamino-3-buten-2-one (3) and arylamine (pathway B), of which the former predominated. In the first step of pathway A, 1-position of 1 is attacked by hydroxide ion to give a tetrahedral intermediate which is then transformed into 2 and arylamine in the second step. Plots of the rate constants of pathway A, kA, vs. [OH-] were concave downward because the rates of the two steps are of similar order of magnitude. We were able to calculate the hydroxide ion-catalyzed rate constant (kOH1) of the first step of pathway A for 4 substrates, 1a-d. The kOH, 1s decreased with increasing electron-withdrawing effect of the aryl substituents. The reaction mechanism is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Mitsuaki WATANABE, Masao TSUKAZAKI, Yoshiaki HIRAKAWA, Masatomo IWAO, ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2914-2919
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious 2(5H)-furanone and furan derivatives were synthesized from 3-(phenylthio)propenal by a one-pot process via carbonyl addition of a range of organometallic reagents and subsequent sulfide-directed α-lithiatin followed by electrophilic trapping. This methodology was successfuly applied to the syntheses of quercus lactone and 2, 5-diarylfuran natural products.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
Weijie ZAHO, Yasuhiro TEZUKA, Tohru KIKUCHI, Jun CHEN, Yongtian GUO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2920-2928
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe constituents of the roots and rhizoma of Veratrum maackii REG. (Liliaceae), wich are used as a Chinese crude drug "Li-lu, " were examined and a new steroidal alkaloid named maackinine was isolated along with five known alkaloids, germanitrine, verazine, angeloylzygadenine, zygadenine, and verazinin. The structure of maackinine was determined by the use of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2-D NMR) techniques (fl-decoupled 1H-1H chemical shift correlation spectroscoy (COSY), 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, and long-range 1H-13C COSY spectra). Assignments of 1H- and 13C-NMR signals of these steroidal alkaloids were also performed.View full abstractDownload PDF (983K) -
Hiroki KURODA, Akihiko MIYADERA, Akihiro IMURA, Akio SUZUKI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2929-2932
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDebenzylating enzyme from Aspergillus niger enzyme (commercial crude cellulase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of cetraxate benzyl ester hydrochloride (2), a precursor of the antiulcer agent (1). The enzyme was highly purified by three kinds of chromatographies (hydrophobic, ion exchange, gel filtration) with a recovery of 36%. The content of the debenzylating enzyme was about 0.1% in the crude cellulase, but the enzyme showed no cellulase activity. The purified enzyme was inactivated by Hg2+, and diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP). It was a monomer with a molecular weight of about 35000, and its isoelectric point was estimated to be 5.3. It showed a debenzylating activity for the phenylpropionic acid benzyl ester moiety of various benzyl ester derivatives, and the benzyl ester of phenylalanine or that of tyrosine was also well hydrolyzed.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
Yoshinori KONDO, Ryo WATANABE, Takao SAKAMOTO, Hiroshi YAMANAKA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2933-2936
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synthesis of pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidine derivatives was accomplished by the following two methods. One is the palladium-catalyzed reaction terminal acetylenes with N-(5-halo-4-pyrimidinyl)methanesulfonamides prepared by the nucleophilic substitution of 4-chloro-5-halopyrimidines with methanesulfonamide. The other is the photocyclization of 4-azidopyrimidines containing an olefinic function at the 5-position. The synthesis of 4-azidopyrimidine derivatives is also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
Kunizo ARAI, Kazutake KIMURA, Taisei MUSHIRODA, Yuzuru YAMAMOTO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2937-2939
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo alkaloids, fructigenines A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from Penicillium, fructigenum TAKEUCHI and the structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and chemical transformations.View full abstractDownload PDF (577K) -
Reiko SAIJO, Gen-ichiro NONAKA, Itsuo NISHIOKA, Ih-Sheng CHEN, Tieh-Ho ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2940-2947
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFurther chemical examination of the bark and the leaves of Mallotus japonicus (THUNB.) MUELLER-ARG. (Euphorbiaceae) has led to the isolation of two new tannins [named mallotannins A (16) and B (18)]. Based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structures of 16 and 18 were established to be dimeric hydrolyzable tannins in which the free carboxylic acid in mallotinic acid is connected to the C-6 position of bergenin and D-glucose, respectively. On the other hand, fifteen known tannins and related compounds have been isolated from the leaves of M. philippinensis (LAM.) MUELLER-ARG. and identified by comparisons of their physical and spectral data with those of authentic samples. In addition, a survey of tannin patterns in Mallotus species is presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (839K) -
Mitsuaki WATANABE, Masao TSUKAZAKI, Yumiko HAMADA, Masatomo IWAO, Suna ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2948-2951
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHighly substituted phthalides including a key intermediate in the synthesis of mycophenolic acid were prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of 3-(phenylthio- or 3-(phenylsulfinyl)-2-(5H)-furanones with silyloxydienes.View full abstractDownload PDF (702K) -
Jun-ichi SAKAKI, Satoshi KOBAYASHI, Masayuki SATO, Chikasra KANEKO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2952-2960
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA general method for the synthesis of azetidin-2-ones from 1, 3-dioxin-4-ones is described. The method consists of 1) the formatin of β-ketocarboxamides, 2) their reduction to 3-hydroxycarboxamides, 3) mesylationg, and 4) base-mediated cyclization of 3-mesyloxycarboxamides to the final azetidinones. Stereochemical demand in the cyclizatino step has been clarified by using 5, 6-tri- and -tetramethylene derivatives of 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxin-4-one. Microbiological reduction of the acetoacetamides by baker's yeast gave (S)-3-hydroxybutanamides of ≥98% optical purity, whose cyclization afforded (R)-4-methylazetidin-2-ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (1215K) -
Isao KITAGAWA, Toshio TANIYAMA, Masayuki YOSHIKAWA, Yuji IKENISHI, Yuz ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2961-2970
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour malonylated dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycosides, named malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd, were isolated from the water-soluble portion of the dried root of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER (Araliaceae), together with previously known ginsenosides. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence including metastable ion analysis of liquid secondary ion mass spectra, the structures of malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd have been elucidated as 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, and 3-O-[6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20(S)-protopanaxadiol, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1198K) -
Abdel-Nasser EL-SHORBAGI, Shin-ichiro SAKAI, Mahmoud A. EL-GENDY, Nabi ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2971-2975
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS3-[2-[p-(Un)substituted phenyl]imidazo[2, 1-b]benzothiazol-3-yl]propionic acid derivatives (2a-e) were prepared via the interaction of the corresponding 2-[p-(un)substituted phenyl]imidazo[2, 1-b]banzothiazoles (1a-e) with acrylic acid in the presence of acetic anhydride and acetic acid. Esterification of 2a-e produced methyl esters (3a-e). Upon the interaction of 3a with m-chloroperbenzoic acid, the S-dioxide (4a) was obtained. Compound 5a was prepared from 4a by alkaline hydrolysis. Vilsmeier formylation for 1a-e produced novel [2-[p-(un)substituted phenyl]imidazo[2, 1-b]benzothiazol-3-yl]formaldehyde derivatives (6a-e). Derivatives 6a-e reacted with ethyl bromoacetate to give ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-[2-[p-(un)substituted phenyl]imidazo[2, 1-b]benzothiazol-3-yl]propionate esters (7a-e). Compound dl-7a was resolved with l-(+)-tartaric acid.Compounds 2a-e showed weak or no activity in the carrageenin-induced paw edema assay. Compound 4a significantly inhibited the leakage of pontamine-sky blue dye into the peritoneal cavity of mice, in the capillary permeability inhibiton assay. Compound 5a inhibited the writhing by 62% in the acetic acid-induced writhing assay.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
Jun Chao CAI, Han Li SHU, Cai Fang TANG, Toshihiko KOMATSU, Toshiyuki ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2976-2983
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany N1-acyloxymethyl derivatives VI of bis(2, 6-dioxopiperazine) I, ICRF-154, were prepared and tested for antitumor activity. The treatment of I with formaldehyde gave a crystalline bis(N1-hydroxymethyl) derivative VII, which was acylated under various conditions to give bis(N1-acyloxymethyl) derivatives VI. Antitumor activity of VI against P388 leukemia in mice was studied.Several bis(N1-acyloxymethyl)compounds such as phenylacetyloxymethyl VI-6, methoxycarbonyloxymethyl VI-41, isobutoxycarbonyloxymethyl VI-44, and furancarboxymethyl VI-38 compounds were found to have potent antitumor activities. On the other hand, water-soluble esters having an amine or a carboxylic acid function in their acyl groups showed rather reduced activity.These bis(N-1-acyloxymethyl) derivatives VI were presumably hydrolyzed into the parent bis(2, 6-dioxopiperazine) I by nonspecific esterase in the body to exhibit their antitumor activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
Keizo HIRAHARA, Tetsuro MATSUISHI, Nobuo SUZUKI, Munetsugu KURATA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2984-2987
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is known that antithrombin III (ATIII) activity is inhibited by tissue thromboplastin (TP) in the presence of heparin. In our study on the mechanism of the inhibition, however, TP was found to inhibit ATIII activity even in the absence of heparin, indicating an interaction between ATIII and TP. We then studies effect of ATIII on the interaction between factor VII (FVII) and TP using FVII-depleted human plasma. When the mixture of FVII+ATIII+TP was incubated at 37°C and mixed with FVII-depleted plasma, the interaction between FVii and TP was inhibited. Possible complex formation was examined by electrophoretic techniques.In the immunoelectrophoresis, ATIII shifted toward the cathode in the presence of TP and the substance which had changed the mobility of ATIII showed TP activity after zone electrophoresis. The results indicated that TP had shifted toward the anode due to ATIII while ATIII had shifted toward the cathode due to TP. In the immunoblotting analysis, ATIII was separated into several bands in the presence of TP. ATIII antigenicity was altered in the presence of both haparin and TP but not in the presence of TP alone.Our results strongly suggest that TP modulates ATIII activity in the initiation of the TP-mediated coagulation cascade and that in progressing coagulation ATIII participates in the inhibitin of the coagulation cascade by blocking not only thrombin activity but also the interaction between TP and FVII.View full abstractDownload PDF (1031K) -
Taichi OHMOTO, Kazuo KOIKE, Hiroshi FUKUDA, Katsuyoshi MITSUNAGA, Kore ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2988-2990
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo new picrotoxane-type sesquiterpene lactones, picrodendrins C and D, together with a known compound, isohyenanchin, were isolated from the barks of Indonesian Picrodendron baccatum. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data and X-ray structure analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K) -
Taichi OHMOTO, Kazuo KOIKE, Katsuyoshi MITSUNAGA, Hiroshi FUKUDA, Keng ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2991-2994
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree new quassinoids, javanicins A, C and D, were isolated from the bark of Picrasma javanica (Simaroubaceae). The structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (589K) -
Shoji YAHARA, Tomoko HIGASHI, Kazue IWAKI, Toshihiro NOHARA, Nobuhiro ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 2995-3000
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the polar portion of the methanolic extract of the fresh rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea DC., nine new sesquiterpene glycosides [two guaiane-type glycosides, atractylosides A and B (1 and 2), and seven eudesmane-type glycosides, atractylosides C, D, E, F, G, H and I (3-9)] were obtained and their structures were characterized by enzymatic hydrolysis, spectroscopic means and X-ray analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (872K) -
Kazuki SAITO, Mami YAMAZAKI, Keiko YAMAKAWA, Sachiko FUJISAWA, Satoshi ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3001-3004
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGreen callus and multiple shoots were induced from the epicotyl segments of Sophora flavescens var. angustifolia (Leguminosae) on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium in the presence of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The green callus produced matrine as the only detectable alkaloid. The concentrations of matrine in the callus were positively correlated to the amounts of chlorophyll in the cells. No alkaloid was produced in the non-green callus. The multiple shoots accumulated not only matrine but also 5, 6-dehydrolupanine and anagyrine. These results suggest that the production of lupin alkaloids in S. flavescens var. angustifolia is related to the tissue differentiation, in particular, to the formation of chloroplasts and that the biosyntheses of matrine-type and anagyrine-type alkaloids are differently regulated in different developmental stages of the cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Tsutomu HATANO, Taeko YASUHARA, Toshiyuki FUKUDA, Tadataka NORO, Takuo ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3005-3009
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) phenolic constituent, licopyranocoumarin (4), and two other new phenolics named licoarylcoumarin (5) and glisoflavone (6) were isolated from Si-pei licorice (a commercial licorice; root and stolon of Glycyrrhiza sp. from the north-western region of China) using droplet countercurrent chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography, and their structures were assigned based on chemical and spectroscopic data. Kaempferol 3-O-methyl ether (7) and licocoumarone (8) were also isolated from the licorice. The inhibitory effects of ten licorice phenolics on xanthine oxidase were examined. Licohalcone B (1), glycyrrhisoflavone (2), 8 and licochalcone A (19) showed 50% inhibition at the concentration of 1.3-5.6×10<-5>M.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
Yasuo SAKAI, Mitsugu HIBINO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3010-3014
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA highly sensitive distribution-analyzing latex immunoassay method (DALIA), which is based on analysis of the volume distribution of latex particles including both the agglutinates and the residual non-agglutinating particles, has been established. Numbers of latex particles, which are sensitized with specific antibodies, are counted by using an electric particle counter with a personal computer and simultaneously the extent of agglutination was quantified by analyzing the volume distribution of the reacted latex particles. It was found that ultramicrospheres coated with normal goat immunoglobulin G can completely eliminate non-specific reactions induced by human serum containing rheumatoid factor (RF) in this DALIA method. The degree of absorption of RF activity by these ultramicrospheres was associated with the diameters of the ultramicrospheres. Moreover, by use of the combination of ultramicrospheres and latex particles coated with monoclonal antibodies against α-fetoprotein (AFP) or with polyclonal antibody specific to C-reactive protein, specific DALIA systems were able to be developed. Both DALIA systems exhibited the high sensitivity (1 to 7ng/ml). The correlation coefficient (γ) of the results of DALIA with those of enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay in measuring AFP was 0.994.View full abstractDownload PDF (810K) -
Masataka ISHIBASHI, Yoshiharu OHYAMA, Keiko WATANABE, Michinao MIZUGAK ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3015-3021
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mass spectrum exhibited a series of ions characteristic of the expected 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dehydro-TXB2) derivative. Many of the fragmentation products could be explained in terms of simple bond fission mechanisms. A further series of fragmentations proceeded via a six-membered ring transition state or by formation of the cyclic dimethylsilylene ring system. These produced ions in the low mass region containing silicon atoms, characteristic of the protected C-11 carboxylic and moiety. The appearance of these ions may be used for the identification of 11-dehydro-TXB2 and its metabolites having a lactone ring. Six homologue and analogue derivatives were prepared for investigation of the fragmentation mechanism. The proposed fragmentation mechanisms have been supported by accurate mass measurement and mass analyzed ion kinetic energy mass spectrometry.View full abstractDownload PDF (880K) -
Masatoshi YAMAGUCHI, Takashi YOSHITAKE, Junichi ISHIDA, Masaru NAKAMUR ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3022-3025
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the determination of nineteen 21-hydroxycorticosteroids is described. The corticosteroids are oxidized by cupric acetate to form the corresponding glyoxal derivatives. The derivatives are converted into fluorescent quinoxalines by reaction with 1, 2-diamino-4, 5-methylenedioxybenzene, a fluorogenic reagent for α-dicarbonyl compounds. The quinoxalines are separated within 70min on a reversed-phase column (TSK gel ODS-120T) by stepwise elution with mixtures of methanol, acetonitrile, and 1.0M ammonium acetate. The detection limits are 0.14-29.4pmol at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 in a 50-μl injection volume. This sensitivity permits precise determination of hydrocortisone, cortisone, corticosterone, and their tetrahydro derivatives in 500 μl of normal human urine.View full abstractDownload PDF (640K) -
Silvia N. GONZALEZ, Maria C. APELLA, Nora ROMERO, Aida A. PESCE DE RUI ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3026-3028
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDialyzed cell-free extract of lactobacilli was found to contain superoxide dismutase activity by using a test system in which superoxide ion is generated by xanthine oxidase. The specific activities of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, Lactobacillus murinus ATCC 35020, Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 358, Lactobacillus plantaru, ATCC 8014, Lactobacillus casei CRL 431, Lactobacillus plantaru, CRL 353, Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC 9338, Lactobacillus buchneri NCDO 110, and Lactobacillus fermentum CRL 251 were between 0.06 and 0.43 U/mg protein. The presence of superoxide dismutase activity was demonstrated when the strains were grown in media containing Mn2+ ions. Superoxide dismutase of lactobacilli may be an Mn enzyme since it was not inhibited by either cyanide or azide ions. However, the cell-free extract of Lactobacillus murinus ATCC 35020 contains superoxide dismutase activity sensitive to both ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (503K) -
Masashi TOMODA, Ryoko GONDA, Noriko SHIMIZU, Haruki YAMADA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3029-3032
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA mucilage, designated as MSL-M, was isolated from the leaves of Malva sylvestris L. var. mauritiana MILL. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography. Its intrinsic viscosity value in aqueous solution was 12.0, and its molecular weight was estimated to be about 6.0×106. The major constituent is an acidic polysaccharide composed of L-rhamnose : D-galactose : D-galacturonic acid : D-glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 6 : 3 : 2 : 2, Methylation analysis of both the mucilage and the carboxyl-reduced derivative, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and partial hydrolysis studies indicated its main structural features. It has considerable anti-complementary activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K) -
Kazuhiko TAMURA, Hiroshi HAYATSU, Ichiro WATANABE, Toshiaki NAKANO, Yu ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3033-3036
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a microcalorimetric method, we have measured the heat productin in states 3 and 4 respiration of a mitochondrial preparation from rat heart ventricel. Adenosine triphosphate production in state 3 respiration was also determined for the same preparation after heat production was measured. In Tris-buffered solution with pyruvate and malate used as substrates, the total heat productions in states 3 and 4 respiration for a 10-min reaction period were about 709 and 207 mJ/mg of mitochondrial protein, respectively.2, 4-Dinitrophenol, and uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, increased the heat production in both states 3 and 4 respiration. On the other hand, antimycin A1, and inhibitor of the electron transport system, decreased the heat production in both states.When ventricle mitochondrial dysfunction was induced by the in vivo administration of a high dose of isoproterenol, heat production was increased in state 4 respiration.These results indicate that the calorimetric method can be used to evaluate the mitochondrial function.View full abstractDownload PDF (611K) -
Masayoshi YAMAGUCHI, Seiichi MORI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3037-3041
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of the calcium-binding protein regucalcin on the Ca2+ transport system in the liver microsomes from fed rats was investigated. Ca2+ transport was assayed by the method of Millipore filtration to estimate microsomal 45Ca2+ accumulation following addition of 10mM adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 45Ca2+ uptake was retarded by the presence of regucalcin (1.0-4.0μM). This retardation was remarkeble at 1min after regucalcin addition, while appreciable retardation was no longer seen at 5min. Regucalcin (2.0μM)-induced retardation of 45Ca2+ uptake was prevented by the presence of calmodulin (5μg/ml). Calmodulin alone (1 and 5μg/ml) caused a significant increase in 45Ca2+ uptake at 3min after the start of incubation. Also, regucalcin (2.0μM)-induced retardation of 45Ca2+ uptake was completely blocked by the presence of a Ca2+ -trapping agent, oxalate (3mM). On the other hand, 45Ca2+, which accumulated in microsomes during 5min after ATP addition, was markedly released by the addition of regucalcin. This release was dose-dependent (0.5-4.0μM). Guanosine triphosphate (GTP; 10-100μM) caused a significant release of 45Ca2+ from the microsomes. The presence of regucalcin (2.0μM) further enhanced the GTP effect. Regucalcin (2.0μM)-induced release of 45Ca2+ was not blocked by the presence of the protein thiol-protecting agent dithiothretiol (0.1mM). The presence of oxalate (3mM) completely blocked the effect of regucalcin on 45Ca2+ release from the microsomes. These results indicate that regucalcin stimulates Ca2+ release from liver microsomes, and that the protein retards the microsomal Ca2+ uptake. The present study suggests that regucalcin can regulate the Ca2+ transport system in rat liver microsomes.View full abstractDownload PDF (784K) -
Jian-Guo HU, Asako IDE, Tetsuo YOKOYAMA, Tsunehiro KITAGAWA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3042-3046
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was undertaken to establish the optimal immunogen dose for immunization of mice, using a viomycin-protein conjugate as a hapten immunogen. It was found that specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) formation depends on both the dose of antigen and the type of adjuvant : the optimal antigen dose for an immune response is quite different depending on whether the mice are being treated with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) or Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FICA). The total IgG amount depends mainly upon the type of adjuvant used. FCA gave the double the level of IgG compared to that obtained with FICA. The antigen dose was found to have little influence on the total production of IgG. Mice given a primary immunization with 10μg of antigen emulsified in FCA and then given a booster with the same amount of antigen emulsified in FICA produced a strikingly high level of specific anti-viomycin antibody of over 2.5mg/ml of the antiserum. It was also found that decreases in the weight of the mice were related to the kind of adjuvant used as well as to the level of the specific antibody formed.View full abstractDownload PDF (771K) -
Keiko UNNO, Shigeki SHIMBA, Shoji OKADA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3047-3049
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe isotope effect of deuterium (D) on cellular thermo-response, one of the major cell functions, was pursued by using deuterated Chlorella ellipsoidea which was grown in D2O medium and deuterated proportionally to the concentration of D2O in the medium. The deuterated Chlorella (D-Chlorella) cells heat-treated at 43°C in H2O medium were more heat-sensitive than control Chlorella (H-Chlorella) cultured in H2O medium. The D-Chlorella cells grown in higher mol% D2O were more heat-sensitive than those grown in lower mol% D2O. On the other hand, both the D- and H-Chlorella cells heat-treated at 43°C in D2O medium were more heat-resistant than in H2O medium. The degree of heat resistance was linearly proportional to the concentration of D2O in the medium. These results suggest that D in the medium and cells had two opposite effects on Chlorella; deuteration of poorly exchageable regions of biomolecules in the cells made Chlorella heat-sensitive, and both D2O in the medium and D in easily exchangeable regions caused Chlorella to be heat-resistant.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
Jun KISUGI, Hirokazu OHYE, Hisao KAMIYA, Masatoshi YAMAZAKI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3050-3053
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn antibacterial factor, aplysianin E, was purified from the eggs of a sea hare, Aplysia kurodai. Purified aplysianin E was a glycoprotein of 250 kilo daltones consisting of 3 subunits, and showed both antibacterial and antineoplastic activities. The two activities were lost in parallel on heating and at low and high pH. This factor was half-maximally active for gram-positive and -negative bacteria at 0.12-3.3μg/ml and its actin was not bactericidal but bacteriostatic. Aplysianin E did not induce morphological elongation of bacteria or their release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), but it completely inhibited the syntheses of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) by E. coli within 10min. These results suggest that aplysianin E, found in an invertebrate, the sea hare, is a new antibacterial protein and that it exerts its action by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, as a DNA-inhibiting chemotherapeutic drug does.View full abstractDownload PDF (602K) -
Noriko SHIMIZU, Masashi TOMODA, Ryoko GONDA, Mieko KANARI, Akiko KUBOT ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3054-3057
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn acidic polysaccharide, named saposhnikovan C, was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata SCHISCHK. It was homogeneous as judged by electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and showed remarkable reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test. It is composed of D-galacturonic acid : L-rhamnose : L-arabinose : D-galactose in a molar ratio of 27 : 7 : 8 : 8, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 132000. About 30% of the D-galacturonic acid residues exist as the methyl esters. O-Acetyl groups were identified, and the content amounted to 3.3%. Methylation analysis, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, and controlled Smith degradation studies indicated the structural features. It has a pectin-like rhamnogalacturonan backbone with branched arabinan and galactan side chains.View full abstractDownload PDF (759K) -
Takayoshi SUZUKI, Kohfuku KOHDA, Yutaka KAWAZOE1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3058-3060
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnder hyperthermal conditions, some genotoxic drugs such as bleomycin, paraquat, and N-alkyl-N-nitrosoureas exhibit increased cytotoxicity toward cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells. Sequential combinations of heat and drug treatments, regardless of whether drug-exposure precedes or follows hyperthermia, also induce synergistic cytotoxicity to some extent. This may be attributed not only to the relationship of temperature and chemical injury as defined by the Arrhenius law, but also to a lethal interaction between the biological consequences of chemical injury and thermal damage. Ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and urea, which are known to affect cell membrane and protein, also exert synergistic cytotoxicity at 43°C at a dose range that is nontoxic at 37°C. When used sequentially with thermal treatment, they also proved to be synergistic. Glycerol, however, protected cells against thermal damage when used in a simultaneous chemical-thermal combination. But when treatment were carried out sequentially, glycerol proved destructive.View full abstractDownload PDF (508K) -
Kiyomi KIKUGAWA, Tetsuta KATO, Atsushi IWATA, Akira HAYASAKA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3061-3065
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFormation of fluorescent compounds in the reaction of butyraldehyde and methylamine at pH 7 and 37°C was investigated as a model of the reaction of xidized lipids and proteins. The reation mixture was treated with borohydride for isolation of the products. Some fluorescent products remained unchanged and the other changed into other fluorescent compounds. One of the fluorescent compounds produced on borohydride treatment was identified as 2, 4-diethyl-2, 5-dihydrofuran, which exhibited fluorescence with an excitation maximum at 345nm and an emission maximum at 406nm. The product may be derived by the condensation of 2 molecules of butyraldehyde in the presence of methylamine. Non-fluorescent products composed of 2 : 1, 3 : 1 and 4 : 1 ratios of butyraldehyde and mehylamine were isolated. The fluorescent products may include self-condensation products of butyraldehyde formed in the presence of methylamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
Hiroaki JIZOMOTO, Koichiro HIRANO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3066-3069
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of divalent cation (Ca2+) on the characteristics of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes regenerated from lyophilized empty liposomes by rehydration and wariming were investigated. The results showed that the volume (ml) of internal aqueous compartment per g lipid (captured volume; Vcap) has a maximum at a certain concentration range of calcium chloride and the maximal value is than ten times the minimal value. This phenomenon can be explained by considering that binding of Ca2+ to phosphate groups in DPPC molecules induces an increase in the distance (r) between adjacent bilayer membranes in multilamellar liposomes through electrostatic force and causes an increase in Vcap. The dynamic properties of lyophilized liposomes in the rehydration process were examined using a multilamellar vesicle model. The results of simulation suggested that a repulsive force induced between the adjacent bilayer membranes causes rearragement of the constituent lipid molecules in a liposome followed by an increase in the distance r, a decrease in the internal lamellar number, a smaller increase in liposome size and finally a significant increase in Vcap.View full abstractDownload PDF (629K) -
Kazumi DANJO, Kazutoshi KINOSHITA, Kazutaka KITAGAWA, Kotaro IIDA, His ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3070-3073
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the effect of particle shape on the mechanical properties of powders, such as compaction and flow, the centrifugal compaction test, the tensile test, the direct shear test and Carr's flowability test were carried out on several kinds of fine powders having various particle shapes. Introducing the concept of "apparent adhesion, " the effect of particle shape on the porosity, was examined. It was found that the porosity of a powder bed diminished as the sphericity of the particles increased. The flow properties were also affected by particle shape. With increasing shape factor, the flowability increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (543K) -
Yutaka NISHIOKA, Syojiro KYOTANI, Hisashi MASUI, Masashi OKAMURA, Masa ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3074-3077
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCisplatin (CDDP) containing albumin microspheres and microcapsules incorporating biodegradable macromolecules, chitin and chitosan, were prepared, and their CDDP content and releasing ability and susceptibility to various enzymes were examined. Chitin was incorporated during preparation of the microsheres, while chitosan was used to treat preformed micrspheres. CDDP content was remarkably increased by chitin; when chitin was incorporated at a concentration of 1.5%, the CDDP content of the microspheres was found to be 16.2% (1.8 times that with no addition of chitin). CDDP release was suppressed by chitin and chitosan. The 50% CDDP release time was about 1.5h when no chitin was added, but about 16h was required when chitin was incorporated into the microspheres at a concentration of 1.5%.Chitin and chitosan suppressed the decomposition by protease. The microspheres treated with 70% deacetylated chitosan showed the greatest susceptibility to lysozyme. In conclusion, CDDP release can be controlled by the use of chitin or chitosan, and the microspheres should show no immunogenicity in vivo because of their susceptibility to lysozyme.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Kunihito SAITO, Yukio SATO, Kiyoto EDO, Yuriko AKIYAMA-MURAI, Yoshio K ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3078-3082
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCharacteristics of the secondary structure of neocarzinostatin apoprotein (apo-NCS) were examined by various means. Gaussian analysis of the Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) curve and curve-fitting of the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum for apo-NCS revealed that this peptide was abundant in β-structures. In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the CD bands of NCS originating from phenylalanyl, tyrosyl, and cystinyl residues decreased, indicating a conformational change around the chromophore (NCS-chr). On the other hand, apo-NCS, in the SDS system, showed no change of these bands. We showed that the major parts of the protein moiety consist of β-structures by measurements of the FT-IR and CD spectra of apo-NCS and a prediction of the secondary structure based on the amino acid sequence of the peptide. It seems that properties of the protein may be important to the hydrophobic interaction between NCS-chr and apo-NCS.View full abstractDownload PDF (829K) -
Etsuo YONEMOCHI, Toshio OGUCHI, Katsuhide TERADA, Keiji YAMAMOTO, Yosh ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3083-3087
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of controlled-pore glass (CPG) solid dispersion on the crystalline properties and solid-state reaction of succinic anhydride and p-nitroaniline have been investigated. From the powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry measurements, it was found that the mixing of organic compounds with CPG caused changes in their crystalline state. The addition reaction of succinic anhydride and p-nitroaniline in CPG mixtures was studied under various conditions. In the CPG mixtures, extreme acceleration of the addition reaction between succinic anhydride and p-nitroaniline was observed. The acceleration of the reaction can be explained in terms of the adsorption of organic molecules in the pores of CPG. In the cases of decreasing pore diameter and/or increasing CPG fraction, the reaction rate constants were significantly increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (1213K) -
Toshio OGUCHI, Etsuo YONEMOCHI, Keiji YAMAMOTO, Yoshinobu NAKAI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3088-3091
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of additives on the crystallinity and the stability of freeze-dried p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) have been investigated. Aqueous PAS solutions, to which various amounts of pullulan were added, were freeze-dried. The degradation rates of PAS at 80°C increased with increasing amount of pullulan added and were also affected by the freezing conditions. It was suggested from the powder X-ray diffractograms that the stability of PAS was closely related to the content of amorphous fractino of PAS in the freeze-dried samples. In the freeze-dried samples containing α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) as the additive, the fastest degradation rate of PAS was observed at the mixing molar ratio (α-CD/PAS) of 0.5 (rapid freezing condition) or 1.0 (slow freezing condition). These results coulde be explained in terms of the three possible states of PAS in the freeze-dried sample with α-CD : (A) the crystalline state, almost stable; (B) the included state in the α-CD cavity, moderately unstable; (C) the dispersed state in the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding network of α-CDs, unstable.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Naoki SEGI, Toshihisa YOTSUYANAGI, Ken IKEDA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3092-3095
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe loading capacity of calcium-induced alginate gel beads for propranolol, selected as a cationic model drug, was investigated with particular attention to the effects of excess Ca2+ in the beads, pH and drug concentration in the bulk solution. The amount of the drug loaded in the excess Ca2+ -washed beads was higher than that in the corresponding unwashed beads. Decreasing the pH from 4 to 1 induced size contraction of the washed beads, for which changes of the fraction of ionized carboxyl groups of the polymer seemed to be responsible, and the pKa value was estimated to be 2.8. The drug loading increased in a sigmoid mode with increasing bulk drug concentration when loaded at pH 3-4. It is especially noteworthy that the dramatic increase of the drug loading was accompanied with abrupt contraction of the beads and transformation from a slightly translucent bead body to whitish beads in the vicinity of the inflexion point, and reached a saturated level that depended on the pH. Such physical appearance changes seemed to be due to the precipitation of the drug-polymer complex in the beads but it did not show crystalline nature. The loading capacity could be controlled by adjusting the pH of the medium, and the precipitated form of the drug possibly acts as a good reservoir for efficient drug release.View full abstractDownload PDF (665K) -
Yasuyo OKADA, Kyoko KOIZUMI, Koichi OGATA, Takehiko OHFUJI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3096-3099
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interactions of fatty acids, monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, and triacylglycerols with α-cyclodextrin (CD), β-CD, 6-O-α-D-glucosyl-α-CD (G-α-CD), and 6-O-α-D-glucosyl-β-CD (G-β-CD) were investigated by the solubility method and by differential scanning calorimetry. The complexation ability of G-α-CD for lpids was superior to that of G-β-CD. The reactivity of lipids with CDs was found to increase in the order of fatty acid ≥monoacylglycerol&Gi;diacylglycerol>triacylglycerol, and unsaturated lipids formed complexes more easily than corresponding saturated lipids. The complexation abilities of branched CDs and the parent CDs appeared to be almost the same, but the enhancement of lipid solubility by the branched CD, particularly by G-α-CD was much more marked than that by the parent CD.View full abstractDownload PDF (690K) -
Minoru FUJIOKA, Yoshihiko SHINOHARA, Shigeo BABA, Minoru IRIE, Kazuko ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3100-3101
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring technique was employed to determine simultaneously the plasma concentrations of endogenous and exogenous testosterone in three patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism after a single i.m. dose of testosterone propionate-19, 19, 19-d3. The plasma levels of testosterone-19, 19, 19-d3 derived from testosterone propionate-19, 19, 19-d3 were maintained above the normal testosterone levels (>4ng/ml) for 48h, while the plasma levels of endogenous testosterone changed little.View full abstractDownload PDF (443K) -
Hiroshi KASHIWAGI, Masami INOUE, Saburo ENOMOTO1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3102-3104
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of radicals generated in binary powders of glycolic acid and silica-alumina were recorded. The spectral shape was dependent on content of glycolic acid and on the atmosphere used, but remained almost unchanged under given conditions throughout the experiments. However, spectral intensity was weak immediately after mixing, increased thereafter, eventually reached a maximal value, and finally began to decrease. The maximal amount of radicals and the duration of the maximal amount of radicals were found to be dependent on the calcination temperature of silica-alumina, on the atmosphere used, and on the temperature of storage. The rate of the contact reaction of glycolic acid on silica-alumina seemed to increase with increase in the maximal number of radicals.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
Nagao KOBAYASHI, Tetsuo OSA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3105-3107
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNear-infrared magnetic circular dichroism studies of bovine liver catalase and heme octapeptide from equine cytochrome c indicate high-spin character for the former and mixed-spin character for the latter. It is suggested that the ligand-field strength of phenolate is roughly comparable with that of water and hydroxyl anion.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Yuko TSUDA, Naoki TENO, Yoshio OKADA, Keiko WANAKA, Miyako BOHGAKI, Ak ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3108-3111
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the aim of obtaining selective synthetic inhibitors of plasmin and plasma kallikrein, D-Ile-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl, Ile-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl, D-Ile-Phe-Arg-CH2Cl and Ile-Phe-Arg-CH2Cl were synthesized and their inhibitory activity against plasmin, plasma kallikrein and other trypsin-like serine proteinases was examined. Among them, D-Ile-Phe-Arg-CH2Cl exhibited a highly selective inhibitory activity against plasma kallikrein, yet D-Ile-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl exhibited nearly the same order of inhibitory activity against plasmin as well as plasma kallikren.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
Koichi KAWASAKI, Masanori MIYANO, Tomohiro MURAKAMI, Mihoko KAKIMI1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3112-3113
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince most Nα-protected histidines are water-soluble, their preparation and purification are troublesome. We have developed a simple and easy purification procedure for the preparation of Nα-protected histidines, such as Boc-His-OH, Z-His-Oh and Z(OMe)-His-OH, using ion-exchange column chromatography.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K) -
Takeshi IMANISHI, Masayuki YAMASHITA, Munetaka MATSUI, Tetsuaki TANAKA ...1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3114-3116
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cyclopropane ring opening reaction of several tricyclo[3.3.0.02, 8]octan-3-ones (8a-c) was examined. Under acid-catalyzed substitutional conditions, compounds 8a and 8b gave predominantly the bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one derivatives (9a, b), while compound 8c afforded exclusively the bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one (10c). A candidate precursor for the synthesis of quadrone, 13, was also successfully prepared.View full abstractDownload PDF (567K) -
Kenji ARAI, Shohei TAMURA, Ken-ichi KAWAI, Shoichi NAKAJIMA1989 Volume 37 Issue 11 Pages 3117-3118
Published: November 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA novel electrochemical method of preparing ureides from esters was developed. Commercially available barbiturates such as barbital (2), allobarbital (3), phenobarbital (5) and pentobarbital (6), along with some other barbiturates and non-cyclic ureides were successfully prepared in N, N-dimethylformamide at room temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (339K)