Five new withanolide derivatives (1, 9—12) were isolated from the roots of
Withania somnifera together with fourteen known compounds (2—8, 13—19). On the basis of spectroscopic and physiochemical evidence, compounds 1 and 9—12 were determined to be (20
S,22
R)-3α,6α-epoxy-4β,5β,27-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-24-enolide (1), 27-
O-β-
D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-
O-β-
D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-
D-glucopyranoside (withanoside VIII, 9), 27-
O-β-
D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-
D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-
O-β-
D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-
D-glucopyranoside (withanoside IX, 10), 27-
O-β-
D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-
O-β-
D-glucopyranoside (withanoside X, 11), and (20
R,22
R)-1α,3β,20,27-tetrahydroxywitha-5,24-dienolide 3-
O-β-
D-glucopyranoside (withanoside XI, 12). Of the isolated compounds, 1, withanolide A (2), (20
S,22
R)-4β,5β,6α,27-tetrahydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide (6), withanoside IV (14), withanoside VI (15) and coagulin Q (16) showed significant neurite outgrowth activity at a concentration of 1 μ
M on a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line.
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