All issues
Volume 50, Issue 6
Displaying 1-33 of 33 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Reviews
-
Robert Michael WilliamsArticle type: Review
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 711-740
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe syntheses and biosyntheses of the paraherquamide and brevianamide families of prenylated indole-derived alkaloids are reviewed. It has been proposed that the unique bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctan ring system that is common to this family of natural products, arises by a biological intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction. Both synthetic approaches and total syntheses of several members of this family of natural products are reviewed. The biosynthesis of these alkaloids has also constituted an active area of research and the current state of knowledge on the biosynthesis of these natural products are reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K)
Regular Articles
-
Toyofumi Suzuki, Kifumi Arai, Hiroko Goto, Manabu Hanano, Jun Watanabe ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 741-743
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNifedipine-containing calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was prepared, and nifedipine (NF) release from this preparation was evaluated by the shaking method (SK), Japanese Pharmacopoeia XIV (JPXIV) paddle method (PD), and JPXIV flow-through cell method (FT). The release of NF from the CPC preparation continued for 7 d or longer by all these methods. This suggests that the release of NF can be controlled by preparing NF-containing CPC. The release pattern of NF from CPC in these tests was found to follow the Higuchi equation. However, the Higuchi constant differed among the three dissolution tests, probably because the apparent tortuosity of capillary system (τ) varied.View full abstractDownload PDF (48K) -
Jérôme Segrestaa, Philippe Vérité, Fran&cce ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 744-748
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe conditions of the use of the manganese/porphyrin/imidazole system needed to be improved in order to obtain larger amounts of models of metabolites. An increase of the oxidation yields and a better preservation of this catalytic system have been obtained on the examples of various alkanes, by an acid addition in the reaction mixture. Three manganoporphyrins were checked for evaluation of the reaction. These results were extended to molecules of therapeutical interest such as ibuprofen and phenylbutazone.View full abstractDownload PDF (64K) -
Tian-Zhi Yang, Xiang-Tao Wang, Xue-Ying Yan, Qiang ZhangArticle type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 749-753
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the possibility of the enhancing effect of deformable vesicles on buccal delivery of insulin, two kinds of vesicles with and without the presence of sodium deoxycholate (deformable vesicles and conventional vesicles) were prepared by reverse phase evaporation methods. The liposomal entrapment efficiency was determined by column chromatography. The particle size and morphology of the vesicles were also evaluated. The hypoglycemic effects, insulin concentrations, and residual amounts of insulin deposited in the buccal membrane after buccal administration of insulin vesicles to rabbits were investigated. Compared with subcutaneous administration of insulin solution, the relative pharmacological bioavailability and the relative bioavailability of buccal administration of insulin vesicles were determined. The results showed that the entrapment efficiencies of the deformable and conventional vesicles were 18.87±1.78% (n=3) and 22.07±2.16% (n=3), respectively. The particle sizes of the deformable and conventional vesicles were 42.5±20.5 nm and 59.7±33.8 nm, respectively. There were no significant differences in appearance between the two types of vesicle. Compared with subcutaneous administration of insulin solution, the relative pharmacological bioavailability and the relative bioavailability in the insulin-deformable vesicles group were 15.59% and 19.78%, respectively, which were higher than in the conventional insulin vesicles (p<0.05), blank deformable vesicles and insulin mixture groups (p<0.05). Deformable vesicles have an enhancing effect on buccal delivery of insulin and may be a better carrier than conventional vesicles for buccal delivery of protein drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (136K) -
Gabriele Murineddu, Giorgio Cignarella, Giorgio Chelucci, Giovanni Lor ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 754-759
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1-Methyl-2-phenyl (1) and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl (2)-substituted pyrrole[2,3-d]pyridazinones, as well as their tetracyclic analogues 3—6, were synthesized and evaluated in vitro by the National Cancer Institute against 60 human tumor cell lines derived from nine cancer cell types. Biological results showed that the antitumor activities of these compounds were related to the planarity of their ring systems with potency increasing in the order 2<4≅5<6<3. Among them, the most potent compound 3 showed significant cell line cytotoxicity, particularly against the renal cancer subpanel [GI50 (μM) 5.07] and displayed significant potency [GI50 (μM) 3.04—4.32] against MOLT-4, SR (leukemia), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung), HCT-116 (colon), and SF-295 (CNS) cancer cells, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (87K) -
Jing Zhao, Norio Nakamura, Masao Hattori, Tomoharu Kuboyama, Chihiro T ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 760-765
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive new withanolide derivatives (1, 9—12) were isolated from the roots of Withania somnifera together with fourteen known compounds (2—8, 13—19). On the basis of spectroscopic and physiochemical evidence, compounds 1 and 9—12 were determined to be (20S,22R)-3α,6α-epoxy-4β,5β,27-trihydroxy-1-oxowitha-24-enolide (1), 27-O-β-D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (withanoside VIII, 9), 27-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (withanoside IX, 10), 27-O-β-D-glucopyranosylpubesenolide 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (withanoside X, 11), and (20R,22R)-1α,3β,20,27-tetrahydroxywitha-5,24-dienolide 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (withanoside XI, 12). Of the isolated compounds, 1, withanolide A (2), (20S,22R)-4β,5β,6α,27-tetrahydroxy-1-oxowitha-2,24-dienolide (6), withanoside IV (14), withanoside VI (15) and coagulin Q (16) showed significant neurite outgrowth activity at a concentration of 1 μM on a human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line.View full abstractDownload PDF (84K) -
Hisashi Mimura, Katsuhiko Gato, Satoshi Kitamura, Teruyuki Kitagawa, S ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 766-770
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study clearly demonstrates that clathrated water molecules can contribute to both chemical stabilization and destabilization of clathrates. The solid-state stabilities for two isomorphic clathrates of cephalosporin, cefazolin sodium and FK041, were investigated in terms of the effects of water content. The isomorphic ranges of water content were estimated to be 3.5—5 mol/mol for α-form cefazolin sodium and 2—4 mol/mol for FK041 hydrate. Upon the isomorphic dehydration, α-form cefazolin sodium was destabilized as the water content decreased below 4.25 mol/mol owing to the disruption of hydrogen bonding network in lattice channels. In this case, the hydration of clathrated water up to 4.25 mol/mol contributed to the physical and chemical stability of the crystals. On the contrary, the isomorphic hydration in FK041 hydrate contributed to the chemical destabilization owing to the high water activity. The difference in water activity between α-form cefazolin sodium and FK041 hydrate could be attributed to the size of water channels.View full abstractDownload PDF (66K) -
Tadashi Ogawa, Tetsuhisa Miyamae, Toru Okayama, Masaki Hagiwara, Shino ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 771-780
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn investigating the development of compounds with potent analgesic effects after oral administration, 74 C-terminal analogues (Nα-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-X), based on the structure of Nα-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-MeβAla-OH (ADAMB), were synthesized. Their analgesic activity was evaluated using the mouse-tail pressure test after both subcutaneous and oral administration, and the structure–activity relationships (SAR) were examined in detail. The results clearly indicated that compounds containing β-amino acid without a side chain at the X position are preferable for expression of potent analgesic activity, and that the free carboxyl group is superior in its analgesic activity to that of the esterified or amidated carboxy group at the C-terminal. In addition, N-methylation of the amide bond at the 4th position contributed to improved analgesic activity. These results indicated that the strong and long-lasting analgesic effect of ADAMB is expressed by the synergistic effects of Nα-amidination, the N-methylation of the amide bond at the 4th position and the carbon chain length (β-Ala) of the residue at the 4th position, and that this is the most suitable structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (109K) -
Ya-Ching Shen, Yao-To Chang, Yu-Chi Lin, Chung-Ling Lin, Yao-Haur Kuo, ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 781-787
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive new taxane diterpenoids, taxumairols G (1), H (2), I (3), J (4), and L (5) were isolated from extracts of the roots of Taiwanese Taxus mairei (LEMEE & LEVL.) S. Y. Hu. Compounds 1—4 belong to the new 11(15→1)-abeo-taxene system, having a tetrahydrofuran ring along carbons C-2, C-3, C-4 and C-20. Compounds 3 and 4 contain an isopropenyl group at C-1 while compounds 1 and 2 are attached with a benzoxyl group at C-15. The structures of compounds 1—5 were determined on the basis of two-dimensional (2D)-NMR techniques including correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC), and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (76K) -
Structural Requirements of Flavonoids and Related Compounds for Aldose Reductase Inhibitory ActivityHisashi Matsuda, Toshio Morikawa, Iwao Toguchida, Masayuki YoshikawaArticle type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 788-795
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe methanolic extracts of several natural medicines and medicinal foodstuffs were found to show an inhibitory effect on rat lens aldose reductase. In most cases, flavonoids were isolated as the active constituents by bioassay-guided separation, and among them, quercitrin (IC50=0.15 μM), guaijaverin (0.18 μM), and desmanthin-1 (0.082 μM) exhibited potent inhibitory activity. Desmanthin-1 showed the most potent activity, which was equivalent to that of a commercial synthetic aldose reductase inhibitor, epalrestat (0.072 μM). In order to clarify the structural requirements of flavonoids for aldose reductase inhibitory activity, various flavonoids and related compounds were examined. The results suggested the following structural requirements of flavonoid: 1) the flavones and flavonols having the 7-hydroxyl and/or catechol moiety at the B ring (the 3′,4′-dihydroxyl moiety) exhibit the strong activity; 2) the 5-hydroxyl moiety does not affect the activity; 3) the 3-hydroxyl and 7-O-glucosyl moieties reduce the activity; 4) the 2–3 double bond enhances the activity; 5) the flavones and flavonols having the catechol moiety at the B ring exhibit stronger activity than those having the pyrogallol moiety (the 3′,4′,5′-trihydroxyl moiety).View full abstractDownload PDF (90K) -
Ibrahim Iliya, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Munekazu Iinuma, Zulfiqar Ali, Miyuki ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 796-801
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive new stilbene oligomers (gnemonols A, B and C, gnemonoside E and gnetal) were isolated together with 2b-hydroxyampelopsin F and gnetin E from Gnetum gnemon and G. gnemonoides. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (83K) -
Masatoshi Ozawa, Koji Hasegawa, Yorinobu Yonezawa, Hisakazu SunadaArticle type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 802-807
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, we prepared solid dispersions of water-insoluble and soluble drugs (ethenzamide (ETZ) and theophylline (THEO)) by the twin screw extruder method, which made it possible to control both kneading and heating at the same time under the fusion point of each drug, using three types of the controlled-release high-molecular-weight substance Carbopol (CAR) as the carrier. The solid dispersions obtained were evaluated and compared with those prepared by the organic solvent method. These products showed significantly increased solubility of ETZ, but the solubility of THEO was reduced indicating that CAR slows the release of THEO. It is important not only to simply knead under high pressure but to select the optimal operation temperature to bring these drugs into a semi-fusion state. Solid dispersions obtained by this method showed X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) patterns similar to those obtained by the organic solvent method indicating that the former can be used as a simple and effective method for preparation of solid dispersions.View full abstractDownload PDF (73K) -
Fumihiro Nagashima, Masuo Kondoh, Toshinari Uematsu, Akiko Nishiyama, ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 808-813
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive new ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids and a new gymnomitrane (=barbatane)-type sesquiterpenoid have been isolated from the Japanese liverwort Jungermannia truncata NEES, together with twelve previously known ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments and chemical reaction. Some of the isolated compounds showed cytotoxicity against human leukemia cell lines and induced apoptosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (143K) -
Yorinobu Yonezawa, Sumio Ishida, Shinobu Suzuki, Hisakazu SunadaArticle type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 814-817
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelease property of reservoir device matrix tablet was examined. Wax matrix layer was prepared from physical mixture of lactose and hydrogenated castor oil to obtain basic release properties. Release process showed zero order kinetics in a steady state after a given lag times, and could be divided into two stages. The first stage was the formation process of water channel by dissolving the soluble component in the wax matrix layer. The lag time was considered to be the time required forming water channel and the time begun to release drug through the wax matrix layer at the same time. The lag time obtained by applying the square root law equation was well connected with the amount of matrix layer and mixed weight fraction of component in matrix layer. The second stage was the zero order release process of drug in the reservoir through the wax matrix layer. The release rate constants were calculated by taking into accounts of the thickness of matrix layer and permeability coefficient, and were well connected with the amount of matrix layer and mixed weight fraction of component. Also it was suggested that the tortuosity of matrix layer could be expressed by a function of the porosity defined by the mixed weight fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (56K) -
Toshiyuki Kohara, Toshiki Koyama, Masatake Fujimura, Hiroshi Tanaka, J ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 818-821
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe oxidation behavior of Y-931, a potent atypical antipsychotic drug, was compared with that of clozapine and olanzapine. In two enzymatic systems (horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/glutathione (GSH) and HRP/H2O2/GSH) which generate thiyl radicals, clozapine markedly strengthened the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal for the radical. Olanzapine, Y-931 and the major metabolites (compounds 1—3) had no or minimal effect on the intensity of this signal. In addition, the redox potential values for the three derivatives were in accord with the EPR spin trapping results. In toxicological experiments in human leukocytes, a concentration-dependent toxicity was observed when neutrophils were incubated with clozapine (1—10 μmol/l) and H2O2 (1 mmol/l). However, Y-931 and olanzapine did not show remarkable toxicity under the conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (56K) -
Yukio Aso, Sumie Yoshioka, Jiang Zhang, George ZografiArticle type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 822-826
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIndividual molecular mobility of sucrose and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) in a colyophilized mixture of 1 : 1 by weight has been determined by 13C spin–lattice relaxation times in the laboratory frame (T1) and in the rotating frame (T1ρ) for systems containing absorbed water at various levels. The T1 of the PVP pyrrolidone ring carbon increased with storage relative humidity (RH) in lyophilized PVP alone, indicating that the MHz-order motions of PVP side chain increased with storage RH. However, in the colyophilized mixture, the side chain motions of PVP did not change with storage RH, and showed similar mobility to sucrose. This may be caused by hydrogen bonding between the PVP ring carbonyl group and hydroxyl group of sucrose, as suggested by a previous FT-Raman study. The mid-kHz-order motions of sucrose in the sucrose–PVP mixture as determined by T1ρ did not increase with storage RH as much as in lyophilized sucrose alone. This suggests that the molecular mobility of sucrose decreases in the presence of PVP due to hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group of sucrose and the carbonyl group of PVP. Inhibition of sucrose crystallization by PVP in the presence of water appears to be linked to the effect of PVP on the molecular mobility of sucrose.View full abstractDownload PDF (64K) -
Shunji Aoki, Yoshiharu Naka, Takuya Itoh, Tatsuhiko Furukawa, Rachmani ...Article type: Regular Article
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 827-830
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLembehsterols A (1) and B (2), two novel sulfated sterols, were isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia strongylata. Both sterols showed inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase, which is an enzyme related to angiogenesis in solid tumors. The structures of these sulfated sterols were established on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (72K)
Notes
-
Shuichi Tono-oka, Masanori HatakeyamaArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 831-833
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing solubilized form (sNADase) of membrane-bound porcine brain NAD+ glycohydrolase (pNADase), the NADase-catalyzed hydrolysis and transglycosidation reactions of NAD (1) were examined. Unexpectedly, products in the reactions were found to be nicotinamide (5′-O-diphosphono)-β-D-ribofuranoside (4) and adenosine (5). Adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP)-ribose (2) and nicotinamide (3) as well as a transglycosylated product, which are formed in a usual NAD/pNADase reaction system, were scarcely produced in the NAD/sNADase system. Setting aside the mechanical aspects of this unusual cleaving, it is quite interesting that the sNADase-catalyzed hydrolytic reaction of NAD resulted in the selective cleavage of the P–O bond of the adenosine side without the appreciable hydrolysis of the labile quaternary nicotinamide-ribose pyridinium linkage.View full abstractDownload PDF (51K) -
Kyung Ah Koo, Sang Hyun Sung, Young Choong KimArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 834-836
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new pinusolide derivative, 15-methoxypinusolidic acid (1), and another new isopimarane diterpene, ent-isopimara-15-en-3α,8α-diol (2) with three known diterpenes, lambertianic acid (3), isopimara-8(9),15-dien-18-oic acid (4) and isopimara-7(8),15-dien-3β,18-diol (5) were isolated from the 90% MeOH fraction of Biota orientalis (L.) ENDL. (Cupressaceae) leaves. Chemical structures of 1—5 were elucidated by analyses of their spectral data, including the two-dimensional (2D) NMR technique. Compound 1 showed significant protective activity against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (52K) -
Jiang-Jing Gao, Byung-Sun Min, Eun-Mi Ahn, Norio Nakamura, Hyeong-Kyu ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 837-840
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree new lanostante-type triterpene aldehydes, named lucialdehydes A—C (1—3), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, together with ganodermanonol (4), ganodermadiol (5), ganodermanondiol (6), ganodermanontriol (7), ganoderic acid A (8), ganoderic acid B8 (9), and ganoderic acid C1 (10). The structures of the new triterpenes were determined as (24E)-3β-hydroxy-5α-lanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-al (1), (24E)-3,7-dioxo-5α-lanosta-8,24-dien-26-al (2), and (24E)-3β-hydroxy-7-oxo-5α-lanosta-8,24-dien-26-al (3), respectively, by spectroscopic means. The cytotoxicity of the compounds isolated from the ganoderma mushroom was tested in vitro against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), T-47D, Sarcoma 180, and Meth-A tumor cell lines. Lucialdehydes B, C (2, 3), ganodermanonol (4) and ganodermanondiol (6) showed cytotoxic effects on tested tumor cells. Of the compounds, lucialdehyde C (3) exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity against LLC, T-47D, Sarcoma 180, and Meth-A tumor cells with ED50 values of 10.7, 4.7, 7.1, and 3.8 μg/ml, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (60K) -
Ying-Jun Zhang, Tomomi Abe, Takashi Tanaka, Chong-Ren Yang, Isao KounoArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 841-843
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo new acylated flavanone glycosides, (S)-eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and (S)-eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) were isolated from the leaves and branches of Phyllanthus emblica together with a new phenolic glycoside, 2-(2-methylbutyryl)phloroglucinol 1-O-(6″-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), as well as 22 known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectral and chemical methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (58K) -
Gabbriella Innocenti, Lucia Puricelli, Sonia Piacente, Rosy Caniato, R ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 844-846
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside, patavine (1), together with five known lignans, justicidin B (2), diphyllin (3), tuberculatin (4), majidine (5), and arabelline (6) were isolated from shoot cultures of Haplophyllum patavinum. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by extensive one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, and 3—6 against LoVo human colon carcinoma cells was investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (48K) -
Hosup Yeo, Young Hae Choi, Jinwoong KimArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 847-849
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo new pregnane glycosides, cynascyrosides D and E, were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum ascyrifolium. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence as cynajapogenin A 3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-L-cymaropyranoside and cynajapogenin A 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranoside.View full abstractDownload PDF (47K) -
Ryszard Paruszewski, Pawel Jaworski, Iwona Winiecka, Jadwiga Tautt, Ja ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 850-853
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA series of four new potential renin inhibitors has been synthesized. The structure of the compounds was designed in such a way as to produce agents resistant to enzymatic degradation, metabolically stable, possibly potent and with improved oral absorption. All positions of the 8—13 fragment of the human angiotensinogen were occupied by unnatural units (two unnatural amino acids in positions P3 and P2 and two pseudodipeptides in positions P1–P1′ and P2′–P3′). Both N- and C-terminal functions of the inhibitors were blocked with tert-Boc and ethyl ester groups. Their hydrophobicity evaluated as a log P value, calculated by a computer method, was 6.57 and 6.08 respectively. All peptides were obtained by the carbodiimide method in solution and purified by chromatography on the SiO2 column. Their resistance to enzymatic degradation was assayed by determination of stability against chymotrypsin activity. The potency was measured in vitro by a spectrofluorimetric method (assay of Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser released from the N-acetyltetradecapeptide substrate by renin in the presence of the inhibitor). All inhibitors were stable to chymotrypsin. Their IC50 (M/l) values were: 9.6×10−4 (12), 1.6×10−5 (17), 1.0×10−5 (22) and 1.0×10−5 (23) respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (61K) -
Ahcène Boumendjel, Chantal Beney, Nabajyoti Deka, Anne-Marie Ma ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 854-856
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA series of 4-hydroxy-6-methoxyaurones and 4,6-dimethoxyaurones has been synthesised and tested for their binding affinity toward the nucleotide-binding domain of P-glycoprotein, an ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) transporter which mediates the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. These compounds differ from each other by the nature of the substituent on the aurone B-ring. The binding affinity seems to be linked to the nature of the substituent, as well as to the presence or the absence of a hydroxy group at position 4. The most active compounds were 4′-bromo-4-hydroxy-6-methoxyaurone and 4-hydroxy-4′-iodo-6-methoxyaurone.View full abstractDownload PDF (49K) -
Teruki Matsumoto, Koichi Nishimura, Koichi TakeyaArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 857-860
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo new cyclic peptides were isolated from the fruit peels of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis SWINGLE. Their structures were elucidated as cyclo(–Gly–Asp–Leu–Thr–Val–Tyr–Phe–) and cyclo(–Gly–Leu–Pro–Trp–Leu–Ile–Ala–Ala–) by intensive two-dimensional (2D) NMR analysis and chemical evidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (60K) -
Zhen-Huan Lei, Hitoshi Nakayama, Akihiko Kuniyasu, Bao-Shan Tai, Toshi ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 861-862
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree new cardiac glycosides named cheiranthoside VIII (1), cheiranthoside IX (2) and cheiranthoside X (3) were isolated from the seeds of Erysimum cheiranthoides. Based on spectroscopic data, the structures of 1—3 were characterized as strophanthidin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-antiaropyranoside, cheiranthidin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-boiviopyranoside and cheiranthidin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranoside, respectively. The aglycone moiety possessing a carboxyl group at C-10 of 2 and 3 was regarded to be determined for the first time.View full abstractDownload PDF (45K) -
Tripetch Kanchanapoom, Kotomi Suga, Ryoji Kasai, Kazuo Yamasaki, Moham ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 863-865
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo stilbene glucosides, oxyresveratrol 2-O-β-glucopyranoside and resveratrol 3,4′-O,O′-di-β-D-glucopyranoside, and a 2-arylbenzofuran glucoside, schoenoside, were isolated from the rhizomes of Schoenocaulon officinale, along with five known compounds, oxyresveratrol 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, oxyresveratrol, resveratrol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, mulberroside A and moracin M 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The structural elucidations were based on analyses of both physical and spectroscopic data.View full abstractDownload PDF (50K) -
Masao Akagi, Daichi Omae, Yoshinori Tamura, Tetsujiro Ueda, Tetsuya Ku ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 866-868
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSL-Ribose was synthesized by a simple four-step method with overall yield of 76.3% from a protected L-arabinose derivative, which is a compatible intermediate for the synthesis of L-deoxyribose. The key step of this strategy is the Swern oxidation and subsequent stereoselective reduction accompanied by inversion of the 2-hydroxy group of protected L-arabinose.View full abstractDownload PDF (46K) -
U. Sebnem Harput, Iclal Saracoglu, Makoto Inoue, Yukio OgiharaArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 869-871
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new phenylethanoid glycoside, persicoside (1) and three known phenylethanoid glycosides, acteoside (2), isoacteoside (3) and lavandulifolioside (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Veronica persica. On the basis of spectral analyses, the structure of the new compound was elucidated to be 3,4-dihydroxy-β-phenylethoxy-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-4-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. Persicoside (1) and acteoside (2) exhibited radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Beside phenylethanoid glycosides, a hexitol, dulcitol (5) and seven known iridoid glucosides, aucubin (6), veronicoside (7), amphicoside (8), 6-O-veratroyl-catalpol (9), catalposide (10), verproside (11) and verminoside (12) were isolated.View full abstractDownload PDF (51K) -
Takuji Yoshida, Masakazu Nishiyachi, Nobuyuki Nakashima, Masayuki Mura ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 872-876
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Stille coupling reaction of stannylindole 12 with 4-iodoimidazole 13 (or 24) in the presence of PdCl2(PPh3)2 gave the corresponding indole–imidazole coupling product 14 (or 25), thereby affording a new synthetic approach to the alkaloid granulatimide (7), isolated from the Brazilian ascidian Didemnum granulatum, as well as its structural analogues, 10-methylgranulatimide (23), 17-methylgranulatimide (30), 10,17-dimethylgranulatimide (31).View full abstractDownload PDF (72K) -
Chao-mei Ma, Norio Nakamura, Masao Hattori, Takuya Kawahata, Toru Otak ...Article type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 877-880
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe conjugates of some dicarboxylic acid hemiesters of triterpenes which show potent inhibition against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR) with a reverse transcriptase inhibitor azidothymidine (AZT) or anti-HIV alkaloid FK 3000 were prepared, and their inhibitory activities were investigated against HIV-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) and HIV-1 PR. Most of the triterpene-AZT conjugates showed potent anti-HIV activity as well as moderate to potent PR inhibitory activity, though AZT itself showed no PR inhibitory activity at all. However, the triterpene-FK 3000 conjugates showed neither PR inhibitory activity nor anti-HIV activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (62K) -
Sumie Yoshioka, Yukio Aso, Shigeo Kojima, Nicholas F. CappuccinoArticle type: Note
Subject area: [not specified]
2002 Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages 881-883
Published: 2002
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2002
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStability data were generated by the Monte Carlo method, and batch-to-batch variability was evaluated by analysis of differences in slope and intercept according to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) approach recommended in the FDA Guidance. Using the same generated data, batch-to-batch variability was also evaluated by assessing the equivalence of shelf lives estimated for individual batches based on the range (Range-based approach) in order to compare the ability of the two approaches to detect stability differences among batches. The results of the study indicated that the Range-based approach can detect a 30% difference in the slope of degradation curves among batches with a similar β error as the ANCOVA approach, provided that degradation data are obtained with assay errors below 0.5. The range-based approach appears to be useful as an alternative method to ANCOVA, if it is modified such that the variance of estimates is taken into account.View full abstractDownload PDF (43K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|